C©u hái cã ®u«i
Khi sö dông lo¹i c©u hái nµy nªn nhí r»ng nã kh«ng nh»m môc ®Ých ®ª hái mµ nh»m ®Ó kh¼ng ®Þnh l¹i ý kiÕn cña b¶n th©n m×nh ®· biÕt.
- C©u chia lµm 2 thµnh phÇn t¸ch biÖt nhau bëi dÊu phÈy.
- NÕu ®éng tõ ë phÇn chÝnh ë thÓ kh¼ng ®Þnh th× ë phÇn ®u«i lµ phñ ®Þnh vµ ngîc l¹i.
- §éng tõ to be ®îc dïng trùc tiÕp, c¸c ®éng tõ thêng dïng trî ®éng tõ to do, c¸c ®éng tõ ë thêi kÐp: future, perfect, progressive dïng víi chÝnh trî ®éng tõ cña thêi ®ã.
- C¸c thµnh ng÷ there is, there are vµ it is dïng l¹i ë phÇn ®u«i.
- §éng tõ to have trong tiÕng Anh cña ngêi Mü lµ ®éng tõ thêng do ®ã nã sÏ dïng víi trî ®éng tõ to do.
VÝ dô:
There are only twenty-eight days in February, aren’t there?
It’s raining now, isn’t it? It isn’t raining now, is it?
The boys don’t have class tomorrow, do they?
You and I talked with the professor yesterday, didn’t we?
You won’t be leaving for another hour, will you?
Jill and Joe have been to Mexico, haven’t they?
You have two children, don’t you?
(Trong tiÕng Anh, th× sÏ dïng haven’t you?)
Lu ý:
Trong c¸c bµi thi TOEFL nÕu ®éng tõ chÝnh lµ have th× ®»ng sau ph¶i dïng trî ®éng tõ do.
VÝ dô:
She has an exam tomorrow, doesn’t she?
Lèi nãi phô ho¹ kh¼ng ®Þnh vµ phñ ®Þnh. Lèi nãi phô ho¹ kh¼ng ®Þnh.
- Dïng ®Ó phô ho¹ l¹i ý kh¼ng ®Þnh cña mét ngêi kh¸c t¬ng ®¬ng víi c©u tiÕng viÖt “còng thÕ ” vµ ngêi ta sÏ dïng so vµ too trong cÊu tróc nµy.
- §éng tõ to be ®îc phÐp dïng trùc tiÕp, c¸c ®éng tõ thêng dïng víi trî ®éng tõ to do, c¸c ®éng tõ ë thêi kÐp (future, perfect, progressive) dïng víi chÝnh ®éng tõ cña nã.
- Khi be ®îc sö dông trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh th× thêi cña ®éng tõ be sö dông trong c©u phô ho¹ còng ph¶i cïng thêi víi be ë mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh.
-
Subject + verb(be) + too
Affirmative statement (be) + and +
So + verb(be) + subject
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VÝ dô:
I am happy, and you are too.
I am happy, and so are you.
- Khi mét ®éng tõ ë thÓ kÐp (auxilary + verb), vÝ dô, will go, should do, has done, have written, must examine, vv... xuÊt hiÖn trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh th× trî ®éng tõ cña mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh ®îc sö dông ë d¹ng kh¼ng ®Þnh, vµ chñ ng÷ vµ ®éng tõ ph¶i hoµ hîp.
-
Subject + auxiliary only + too
Affirmative statement + and +
(®éng tõ ë thÓ kÐp) So + auxiliary only + subject
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VÝ dô:
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too.
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you.
-
Subject +do, does, or did + too.
Affirmative statement + and +
(®éng tõ ®¬n trõ be) So + do, does, or did + subject
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VÝ dô:
Jane goes to that school, and my sister does too.
Jane goes to that school, and so does my sister.
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we did too.
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and so did we.
I will be in New Mexico in August, and they will too.
I will be in New Mexico in August, and so will they.
He has seen her plays, and the girls have too.
He has seen her plays, and so have the girls.
We are going to the movies tonight, and Suzy is too.
We are going to the movies tonight, and so is Suzy.
She will wear a costume to the party, and we will too.
She will wear a costume to the party, and so will we.
Lèi nãi phô ho¹ phñ ®Þnh
- Dïng ®Ó phô ho¹ l¹i ý phñ ®Þnh cña ngêi kh¸c, t¬ng øng víi c©u tiÕng viÖt “ còng kh«ng”.
- CÊu tróc dïng cho lo¹i c©u nµy lµ either vµ neither.
Nªn nhí r»ng: Not ... either / Neither ... positive verb.
C¸c trêng hîp dïng gièng hÖt c«ng thøc kh¼ng ®Þnh.
-
Subject + negative auxiliary or be + either .
Negative statement + and +
Neither + positive auxiliary or be + subject.
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VÝ dô:
I didn’t see Mary this morning. John didn’t see Mary this morning.
I didn’t see Mary this morning, and John didn’t either.
I didn’t see Mary this morning, and neither did John.
She won’t be going to the conference. Her colleagues won’t be going to the conference.
She won’t be going to the conference, and her colleagues won’t either.
She won’t be going to the conference, and neither will her colleagues.
John hasn’t seen the new movie yet. I haven’t seen the new movie yet.
John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and I haven’t ether.
John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and neither have I.
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