Mét sè ®éng tõ ®Æc biÖt kh¸c.
Agree to do smth ( §ång ý lµm g×)
Agree to smb’s doing smth (§ång ý víi viÖc lµm g× cña ai).
VÝ dô:
He agrees to my leaving early tomorrow morning.
Mean to do smth: cã ý ®Þnh lµm g×.
VÝ dô:
I mean to get to the top of the mount before sunrise.
It means doing smth: bao gåm c¶ viÖc lµm g×.
VÝ dô:
He is determined to get ticket for Saturday’s game if it means standing in the line all night.
Propose to do smth: cã ý ®Þnh lµm g×.
VÝ dô:
I propose to start tomorrow.
Propose doing smth: §Ò nghÞ lµm g×.
VÝ dô:
I proposed waiting until the police came.
Go on doing smth: TiÕp tôc lµm viÖc g× ( ®ang bÞ bá dë)
VÝ dô:
He goes on talking about his accident.
Go on to do smth: TiÕp tôc lµm g× (vÉn cïng mét chñ ®Ò nhng chuyÓn sang mét khÝa c¹nh kh¸c).
VÝ dô:
He goes on to tell about his accident on the trip.
He shows the position of the Island on the map and goes on to talk about it’s climate.
Try to do smth: cè g¾ng lµm g×.
VÝ dô:
He tries to improve his English.
Try doing smth : thö lµm g×.
VÝ dô:
They try putting wise netting all around the garden to stop entering of the livestock.
PhÇn II
TiÕng Anh viÕt.
I. C¸c lçi thêng gÆp trong tiÕng Anh viÕt.
TiÕng Anh viÕt kh¸c víi tiÕng Anh nãi ë møc ®é ®ßi hái ng÷ ph¸p vµ sö dông tõ vùng mét c¸ch chÆt chÏ ®Ó t¹o thµnh tiÕng Anh quy chuÈn (Formal written English).
Sù hoµ hîp cña thêi ®éng tõ.
Trong mét c©u tiÕng Anh cã 2 thµnh phÇn th× thêi cña ®éng tõ ë 2 thµnh phÇn ®ã ph¶i hoµ hîp víi nhau. Thêi cña ®éng tõ ë mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh sÏ quyÕt ®Þnh thêi cña mÖnh ®Ò phô.
Main clause
|
Dependent clause
|
Simple present
|
Present progressive
|
Hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò phô x¶y ra song song víi hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh.
VÝ dô:
I see that Harriet is writing her composition.
Do you know who is riding the bicycle?
|
Simple present
|
Will/ can/ may + verb
be going to
|
Hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò phô x¶y ra sau hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh trong mét t¬ng lai kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh ( hoÆc t¬ng lai gÇn).
VÝ du:
He says that he will look for a job next month.
I know that she is going to win that prize.
Mary says that she can play the piano.
|
Simple present
|
Simple past
|
Hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò phô x¶y ra tríc hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh trong mét qu¸ khø ®îc x¸c ®Þnh cô thÓ vÒ mÆt thêi gian.
VÝ dô:
I hope that he arrived safely.
They think he was here last night.
|
Simple present
|
Present perfect (progressive)
|
Hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò phô x¶y ra tríc hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh trong mét qu¸ khø kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh cô thÓ vÒ mÆt thêi gian.
VÝ dô:
He tells us that he has been to the mountains before.
We know that you have spoken with Mike about the party.
|
Simple past
|
Past progressive
Simple past
|
Hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò phô x¶y ra song song víi hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh.
VÝ dô:
I gave the package to my sister when she visited us last week.
Mike visited the Prado Art Musium while he was studying in Madrid.
|
Simple past
|
Would / could / might + verb
|
Hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò phï x¶y ra sau hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh.
VÝ dô:
He said that he would look for a job next month.
Mary said that she could play the piano.
|
Simple past
|
Past perfect
|
Hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò phô x¶y ra tríc hµnh ®éng cña mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh lïi s©u vµo trong qu¸ khø.
VÝ dô:
I hoped he had arrived safely.
They thought he had been here last night.
| C¸ch sö dông to say, to tell.
NÕu kh«ng cã mét t©n ng÷ nµo mµ ®Õn liªn tõ that ngay th× ph¶i dïng ®éng tõ to say.
-
Subject + say + (that) + subject + verb ...
|
Nhng nÕu cã mét t©n ng÷ gi¸n tiÕp råi míi ®Õn liªn tõ that th× ph¶i dïng to tell.
-
Subject + tell + inderect object + (that) + subjct + verb ...
|
VÝ dô:
He tells me that he will be very busy today.
Tuy nhiªn ®»ng sau ®éng tõ to tell cßn cã mét sè t©n ng÷ trùc tiÕp dï trong bÊt cø t×nh huèng nµo.
a story
a joke
Tell a secret
a lie (lies)
the truth
(the) time
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