Tháng 3, 2011 KẾ hoạch quản lý DỊch hạI (pmp)


Danh sách các hóa chất bị cấm



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5.4 Danh sách các hóa chất bị cấm


39 Dưới đây cung cấp một danh sách các hóa chất cấm

  • Hóa chất theo công ước Stockeholm được liệt kê như sau: Phụ lục A: aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, mirex, toxaphene; và biphenyl đã polyclo hóa (PCB).




  • Hóa chất o theo Công ước Rotterdam được liệt kê như sau:

  • Thuốc trừ sâu là 2,4,5-T, aldrin; captafol, chlordane, chlordimeform; chlorobenzilate, DDT, dieldrin, dinoseb và dinoseb muối; 1,2 dibromoethane-(EDB); fluroacetamide; HCH (hỗn hợp đồng phân); heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene ; Lindane; một số hợp chất thủy ngân và pentachlorophenol.

  • Một số công thức thuốc trừ sâu độc hại của methamidophos; methyl parathion; monocrotophos; phosphamidon; và parathion.

  • Hoá chất công nghiệp amiăng (Crocidolite); biphenyl đã polybrom hóa (PBBs); byphenyls polyclo hóa (PCBs), terphenyl đã polyclo hóa (PCTs) và tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate. .

  • Gần đây, thêm hóa chất bao gồm thuốc trừ sâu binapacryl; oxit ethylene;; toxaphene; ethylene dichloride và DNOC và muối của nó.

  • Tất cả công thức của monocrotophos và parathion và các công thức nhất định của carbofuran, benomyl và Thiram

  • Hoá chất công nghiệp amiăng (Actinolite, anthophyllite, amosite, Tremolite); Tetraethyl và dẫn tetramethyl.

40. Nguồn thông tin bổ sung: Dưới đây cung cấp ví dụ về các chương trình nghiên cứu quan trọng IPM quốc tế đang diễn ra :

  • Chương trình System-Wide của CGIAR (SP-IPM) các hoạt động tại các trung tâm nghiên cứu quốc tế và quốc gia theo chủ đề trọng tâm cụ thể (xem http://www.spipm.cgiar.org/).

  • Các chương trình hỗ trợ nghiên cứu hợp tác IPM của trường đại học của Mỹ với các nhà nghiên cứu đối tác ở một số nước đang phát triển, hỗ trợ của USAID, tập trung vào các vấn đề quản lý dịch hại của cây trồng xuất khẩu rau quả, rau ven đô, ô liu, và một số cây trồng chủ lực.

  • CABI có một hồ sơ dài của phát triển kỹ thuật kiểm soat sinh học và phương pháp IPM cho nhiều vị trí vấn đề sâu bệnh vị trí cụ thể (xem http://www.cabi.org/).

  • Trung tâm quốc tế về Sinh lý học côn trùng và Sinh thái học là một trung tâm nghiên cứu hàng đầu trong sinh thái học côn trùng và tiến hành chương trình nghiên cứu hiện trường trong đó bao gồm nhiều loại cây trồng rau quả (xem http://www.icipe.org/).

Annex 1 Project Description
(a) Components
1. The Project activities would be comprised of the following four components:
Component 1 (US$ 13.0 million): Support for Water Management Planning and Efficient Utilization. The main objectives of this component are to strengthen the water resources management planning capacity at the regional and provincial level and increase efficiency in utilization of the water. The component would include the following subcomponents;
(1-1) Water Management Monitoring and Investment Planning in the Western Mekong Delta (US$ 2.2 million), aiming at adjustment of the existing provincial water management plan prepared based on the Mekong Delta Master Plan, incorporating potential impacts from upstream development and climate change. The output of this subcomponent would include: (a) preparation of the revised provincial water management plan and (b) development of a regional water analysis based on information from the concerned provinces.
(1-2) Water Productivity, Operation and Maintenance (US$10.8 million):¸ aiming at promoting the efficient use of the water through: demonstration of good practices of the on-farm water and agriculture management to increase water productivity, and increase efficiency in operation and maintenance of the irrigation schemes supported by the Component 2. This subcomponent would comprise the following activities: (a) Pilot On-farm Management for Improved Water Productivity in (i) An Giang (rice cultivation), (ii) Can Tho Municipality (for modern rice cultivation and fruit trees), (iii) Hau Giang (for mainly rice cultivation), and (iv) Bac Lieu/Ca Mau (for rice cultivation and aquaculture), and (b) Support for Operation and Maintenance aiming at support for (i) IDMCs (installation of SCADA system, preparation of business plans and logistic support), and (ii) WUOs (initial establishment and training and on-farm support).
Component 2: Support for Improvement and Rehabilitation of Water Resources Infrastructure (Total Estimated Cost: US$ 168.09 million including contingencies). This component would support the improvement and rehabilitation of water resources in selected water management schemes. The works would include: (a) major maintenance of existing under-performing infrastructure (e.g., canal dredging, re-sectioning and lining repairs, and rehabilitation of dykes), (b) completion and/or minor upgrading of existing infrastructure (construction of secondary and tertiary sluices gates, construction of small bridges, upgrading dykes), and (c) rehabilitation and repairs to the tertiary and quaternary irrigation facilities with support to establish WUOs. This component will be implemented through a three cycle subproject approach. During project preparation, the five first cycle sub-projects (with investments totaling approximately US$ 45.0 million) have been identified as first year subproject and fully prepared with the detailed design. Subsequent subprojects would be identified and prepared during implementation of the project. This component would also include facilities to support civil works such as: (i) feasibility studies and safeguard documents, (ii) detailed design, (iii) environmental and safeguard monitoring, and (iv) support for implementing integrated pest management. The cost for land appropriation, estimated at US$4.7 millions, would be exclusively financed by the Government.
Component 3: Support for Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (US$33.94 million including contingencies). Activities will include upgrading and construction of small piped rural water supply systems in the 7 project provinces/municipalities benefitting about 90,000 households. This Component would include the following subcomponents: (a) support for rural water supply infrastructure, (b) sanitation and hygiene promotion, and (c) component management and administration. Similar to Component 2, this component would also be implemented through a subproject approach, and three subprojects have been identified as the first year subprojects. Subsequent subprojects would be identified and prepared during implementation of the project.
Component D: Project Management and Implementation Support (US$10.42 million including contingencies). Activities will mainly support the incremental operational costs associated with the implementation of the project.

(b) Project Areas and Subprojects
2. The Project area will cover the western part of Mekong Delta of the six provinces (An Giang, Kian Giang, Ca Mau, Hau Kiang, Bac Lieu, and Soc Trang) and Can Tho Municipality. While the water supply subprojects (Component 3) will be carried out in various locations most of the subprojects related to irrigation and flood control will be carried out in the following existing irrigation/flood control areas:


  • O Mon-Xa No (OMXN): About 2-4 subprojects will be located in this area of which the first subproject would cover construction of 99 secondary and tertiary sluices, reinforcement 16 km of Xa No dike, and installation of SCADA system. Other subproject will be implemented during the second and third subproject cycles and main activities will cover dredging and dyking of existing primary and secondary canals, including construction of 1-2 bridges nearby the area.




  • Bac Vam Nao (BVN): There will be one subproject involving dredging of existing canals (735 km); installation of 297 small sluices; and construction of about 800 km of rural roads to facilitate modernization. This will be implemented in the first subproject cycle starting 2011.




  • Quan Lo-Phung Hiep (QLPH): There will be 1-3 subprojects involving dredging, diking, and/or construction of secondary sluices and rural bridges and 2-3 subprojects involving construction of about 70 small and medium size bridges in Soc Trang and Bac Lieu. Two bridge construction subprojects have been proposed for the first subproject cycle.




  • Dong Nang Ren (DNR): One subproject involving dredging, dying, and construction of secondary sluices and bridges and this will be implemented in the first subproject cycle starting 2011; and




  • Ca Mau: 1-2 subprojects will be proposed of which main activities would also cover dredging and diking of existing canals/rivers and construction of one sluice in Area Ten.

Annex 2: Data on Pest Management

Table below summarizes samples information regarding types of pests, pesticides used, and efficiency of IPM practices in Bac Lieu provinces



Disease


Total area affected (ha)

Types of pesticides

Dosage

(L, kg/ha)






Winter-Spring: 155,955- 185,945


Summer-Autumn: 192,181- 281,205

Autumn-Winter: 42,106- 95,005

Buprofezin, Fenobucarb, Chlorpyrifos Ethyl + Cypenrmethrin, Chlorfluazuron + Fipronil, Abamectin, Fipronil, Imidacloprid.

0.3-2

Brown rice backed hoppers

46,300

62,370

21,970

Buprofezin, Fenobucarb, Chlorpyrifos Ethyl + Cypenrmethrin, Chlorfluazuron + Fipronil, Abamectin, Imidacloprid.

0.3-2

Rice leaf folder

15,230

23,486

3,355

Chlorpyrifos Ethyl + Cypenrmethrin, Chlorfluazuron + Fipronil, Abamectin, Imidacloprid, Daisies Herbal

0.2-0.5

Rice thrips,

10,018




2,320

Fipronil, Daisies Herbal Chlorpyrifos Ethyl

0.3-0.7

Rice leaf blast disease

24,365

35,131

18,110

Tricyclazole

0.3-1

Rice blast disease

11,275

25,670

175

Tricyclazole

0.3-1

OPV disease




26,290

34,160

Metaldehyde, Saponin

0.3-15

Cháy bìa lá


18.477

22,544

5,850

Kasumin

0.5-1

- Bệnh khô vằn

17,105

39,935

3,170

Validamycin

0.3-1.5

- Khô đầu lá

10,400







Propiconazole

0.3

flat seed

10,370







Propiconazole

0.3

Average kg, L/ha

8.14

6.86

6.30







Total quantity, tons

363,296

390,141

323,269







Efficiency of IPM for 1 rice crop:

TT

Criteria

Unit

Rice crop with IPM

Farmer’s rice crop (FP)

1

Seed

(kg/ha)

148.5

189.0

2

Fertilizer

(kg/ha)

303.0

340.0




N

(kg/ha)

132.0

165.0




P

(kg/ha)

100.0

100.0




K

(kg/ha)

71.0

75.0




Seper N

(kg/ha)

0.0

0.0

3

Pesticides

(time/crop)

3.6

6.0




For Brown rice backed hoppers

(time/crop)

1.1

2.5




For disease

(time/crop)

1.5

2.5




For weeds

(time/crop)

1.0

1.0

4

Cost for Pesticides

VND/ha

2,592,000

3,202,000

5

Cost for Fertilizer

VND/ha

2,707,000

2,944,000

6

Average yield

(kg/ha)

5,500

5,300

7

Total revenue

VND/ha

33,000,000

31,800,000

8

Total payment

VND/ha

14,640,000

15,741,000

9

Interest

VND/ha

18,360,000

16,059,000

10

Balance between IPM and FP

VND/ha

2,301,000




Annex 3. Procedures for Transportation, Storage, and Uses

(a) Procedures for Safety transporting pesticides:

The following procedures will be followed while transporting pesticides for application under this PMP:



  • pesticide concentrate will only be carried in a secure lockable and compartment with proper signage

  • pesticide concentrate will only be transported in original labeled containers

  • pesticide concentrate will always be carried separately from food and drinking water, safety gear and people

  • spill-containment and clean up equipment will be carried separately from pesticides but in close proximity to the pesticide on each vehicle during pesticide transport and use

  • appropriate documents such as operations records and material safety data sheets (MSDS) will be carried in each vehicle during pesticide transport and use


(b) Procedures for Safety storing pesticides:

In summary, the storage area must:



  • be ventilated to the outside atmosphere

  • be locked when left unattended;

  • be entered only by persons who are authorized to do so

  • have a placard affixed and maintained on the outside of each door leading into the facility in which the pesticides are stored bearing, in block letters that are clearly visible, the words “WARNING – CHEMICAL STORAGE – AUTHORIZED PERSONS ONLY”

In addition, the person responsible for the storage area shall notify the closest fire department of the presence of pesticides on the premises, if stored in one place for a period longer than 60 days. Persons responsible for the pesticide storage shall ensure that all pesticides are stored in a locked canopy, or similar arrangement, separate from the driver and personal protective equipment.


(c) Procedures for Safety Mixing, Loading and applying pesticides:

All mixing, loading and applicators of pesticides shall be carried out by certified pesticide applicators, or someone under the direct supervision a certified pesticide applicator in the appropriate category of certification.


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