Structure drills 1 Auxiliary verbs: short answers (01)

B: It was kind of him to warn you.

1. 
   They waited for me (good)
   
2. 
   He lent Ann his bicycle. (kind)
   
3. 
   She believed him. (stupid)
   
4. 
   They invited me. (nice)
   
5. 
   She told the police. (sensible)
   
6. 
   I found the way. (clever) (Use you.)
   
7. 
   She left her car unlocked. (careless)
   
8. 
   He had another drink. (rash)
   
9. 
   He asked Bill to drive. (prudent)
   
10. 
    She argued with the customs officer. (idiotic)
    
11. 
    He refused to share his sandwiches. (selfish)
    
12. 
    They ran away. (cowardly)
    
13. 
    He kept the money. (dishonest)
    
14. 
    He took the only cream cake. (greedy)
    
15. 
    She jumped into the river to save the child. (brave)
    
16. 
    He offered to pay. (generous)
    
17. 
    He suggested going Dutch. (mean)
    
18. 
    He said I wasn't any use. (unkind)
    
19. 
    He told lies about me. (wicked)
    
20. 
    He admitted he was wrong. (courageous)
    

B: What an odd place to sleep!

1. 
   lives in a cave. (funny place)
   
2. 
   is studying dowsing. (odd thing)
   
3. 
   parked outside the police station. (silly place)
   
4. 
   travels by donkey. (slow way)
   
5. 
   said, 'Mind your own business'. (rude thing)
   
6. 
   sleeps in his car. (uncomfortable place)
   
7. 
   makes money by telling fortunes. (interesting way)
   
8. 
   swims at night. (odd time)
   
9. 
   plays golf on his flat roof. (strange place)
   
10. 
    makes all his important decisions in the lift. (extraordinary place)
    
11. 
    lives on brown rice. (odd thing) (Keep on.)
    
12. 
    cooks in his bathroom. (queer place)
    
13. 
    rings up friends at 6 a.m. (inconvenient time)
    
14. 
    keeps (his) money in an old sock. (unsafe place)
    
15. 
    spends his free time at the railway station. (noisy place) (Use one's for his.)
    
16. 
    relaxes by standing on his head. (odd way)
    
17. 
    reads the telephone directory. (strange thing)
    
18. 
    gets up at 4 a.m. (unpleasant time)
    
19. 
    has a holiday in June. (agreeable time)
    
20. 
    drives a Rolls Royce. (expensive car)
    

(a) B: No, he was too old to get another job.

(b) B: Yes, he was young enough to get another job.
... I suppose?

1. 
   Tom went alone, (young/old)
   
2. 
   Peter got through the window, (fat/thin)
   
3. 
   George drove the car, (drunk/sober)
   
4. 
   Ann waited quietly, (impatient/patient)
   
5. 
   Mary walked upstairs, (weak/strong)
   
6. 
   Peter ate something, (ill/well) (Use anything with ill, something with well.)
   
7. 
   James bought the house, (poor/rich)
   
8. 
   Frank understood, (stupid/clever)
   
9. 
   Bill rode the pony, (heavy/light)
   
10. 
    The other driver listened to you, (excited/calm)
    
11. 
    She wore your fur coat, (short/tall)
    
12. 
    Jack became a jockey, (big/small)
    
13. 
    Mary applied again, (discouraged/optimistic)
    
14. 
    Oliver tried the new system, (unenterprising/enterprising)
    
15. 
    Your boss gives you a bonus, (mean/generous) (Use us.)
    
16. 
    Tom admitted his mistake, (proud/honest)
    
17. 
    Your grandmother wore jeans, (conventional/unconventional)
    
18. 
    You lent Bill money, (cautious/rash)
    
19. 
    James sympathized with the younger generation, (narrow-minded/broad-minded)
    
20. 
    He said that it was your fault, (polite/impolite)
    

1. 
   B: No, it was too heavy.
   

2. 
   B: Yes, it was light enough to carry.
   

1. 
   B: No, it was too big to put on the roof rack.
   
2. 
   B: Yes, it was small enough to put on the roof rack.
   

For me/you/him etc. is not necessary except when it is important

to emphasize who is doing the action.
You ...

1. 
   ate the apple? (sour/sweet)
   
2. 
   grilled the steak? (tough/tender)
   
3. 
   pushed the packet under the door? (thick/thin)
   
4. 
   read the inscription? (faint/clear)
   
5. 
   saw the bird's nest quite clearly? (high/low)
   
6. 
   put the trunk in the boot of the car? (big/small)
   
7. 
   towed the boat behind the car? (heavy/light)
   
8. 
   put your umbrella in your suitcase? (long/short)
   
9. 
   waded across the river? (deep/shallow)
   
10. 
    jumped across the stream? (wide/narrow)
    
11. 
    picked the fruit? (unripe/ripe)
    
12. 
    sent it by post? (fragile/sturdy)
    
13. 
    used yesterday's milk? (sour/fresh)
    
14. 
    drank the coffee? (hot/cool)
    
15. 
    wore your blue suit? (shabby/smart)
    

1. 
   B: No, it was too wet to sit on.
   

2. 
   B: Yes, it was dry enough to sit on.
   

1. 
   B: No, it was too rough to land on.
   

2. 
   B: Yes, it was smooth enough to land on.
   

1. 
   You slept in the cave, (wet/dry)
   
2. 
   They camped on the ledge, (narrow/wide)
   
3. 
   He walked on the ice, (thin/thick)
   
4. 
   He slid down the pole. (rough/smooth)
   
5. 
   The plane landed on the sand, (soft/hard)
   
6. 
   You took out the (electric light) bulb, (hot/cool)
   
7. 
   She ready by the light of the moon, (dim/bright)
   
8. 
   You saw through the hedge, (thick/thin)
   
9. 
   He dived from the pier, (high/low)
   
10. 
    She handed in her exercise, (untidy/tidy)
    
11. 
    You swam in the river, (polluted/clean)
    
12. 
    He stood on the table, (unsteady/steady)
    
13. 
    She dived into the pond, (shallow/deep)
    
14. 
    You sat on the floor, (dirty/clean)
    
15. 
    You picked up the sack of potatoes, (heavy/light)
    

B: No. He went to Paris to learn to cook. (slight stress on went)

or

No. He went to Paris in order to learn to cook. (slight stress on order)
He ... Were you surprised?

1. 
   arranged a loan in Zurich.
   
2. 
   met Bill in Edinburgh.
   
3. 
   sold his pictures in London.
   
4. 
   opened a bank account in Switzerland.
   
5. 
   painted a portrait in Florida.
   
6. 
   learnt to fly in Australia.
   
7. 
   played tennis in Florida.
   
8. 
   bought diamonds in Amsterdam.
   
9. 
   climbed mountains in Wales.
   
10. 
    skied in Norway.
    
11. 
    watched the penguins in the Antarctic.
    
12. 
    dived for treasure in the Mediterranean.
    
13. 
    had an eye operation in Barcelona.
    
14. 
    gambled in Monte Carlo.
    
15. 
    gave a concert in Munich.
    
16. 
    studied judo in Japan.
    
17. 
    visited the Spanish Riding School in Vienna.
    
18. 
    wrote a book in Seville.
    
19. 
    fished for salmon in Scotland.
    
20. 
    photographed lions in Africa.
    

B: All right. I won't make a noise at night so as not to wake Mrs Jones.

1. 
   talk about traffic accidents. It frightens
   
2. 
   criticize lady drivers. It offends
   
3. 
   play the radio loudly. It disturbs
   
4. 
   tell dirty jokes. It shocks
   
5. 
   make a noise at night. It wakes
   
6. 
   chew gum. It disgusts
   
7. 
   bang doors. It startles
   
8. 
   say anything about rising prices. It depresses
   
9. 
   whistle. It irritates
   
10. 
    discuss hijacking. It worries
    
11. 
    sing in your bath. It annoys
    
12. 
    smoke at meals. It upsets
    
13. 
    come in late. It bothers
    
14. 
    leave your bicycle in the hall. It inconveniences
    
15. 
    mention illness. It distresses
    

1. 
   A: He didn't like me going through his private papers so he locked them up.
   

2. 
   A: He didn't like me going through his private papers so he locked them up.
   

1. 
   He didn't like me ...
   

1. 
   driving the car, so he took the keys to the office every day.
   
2. 
   drinking during the day, so he locked the drinks in the cupboard.
   
3. 
   drawing cheques, so he closed my account.
   
4. 
   smoking his cigars, so he hid his cigar box.
   
5. 
   going out after dark, so he locked the door.
   
6. 
   watching television, so he sold the TV.
   
7. 
   opening bottles of wine, so he kept the corkscrew in his pocket.
   
8. 
   borrowing his sweaters, so he locked the wardrobe.
   
9. 
   ringing my friends late at night, so he disconnected the phone.
   
10. 
    serving tinned soup, so he threw away the tin-opener.
    
11. 
    taking money from the safe, so he changed the combination.
    
12. 
    using his tools, so he locked his toolbox.
    
13. 
    typing on his typewriter, so he removed the ribbon.
    
14. 
    riding his bicycle, so he took a wheel off.
    
15. 
    getting on the roof, so he put bars in the skylight.
    

3. 
   as in (b), but use an infinitive in each case, as this provides a better contrast with the ground:
   

He didn't like me to drive/drink/draw/smoke/go/watch/open/borrow/ring/serve/take/use/type/ride/get.

A: He happened to be standing by his gate. So he saw the shooting.

B: It was no accident. He was standing by his gate so that he would see the shooting.

(stress on would.)

1. 
   He happened to leave his clothes on the beach. So we thought he was drowned.
   
2. 
   She happened to put the letter on top of the pile. So he opened it first.
   
3. 
   She accidentally burnt the document. So we have no record of the agreement.
   
4. 
   He happened to be wearing dark glasses. So no one recognized him.
   
5. 
   He happened to be sitting on the letter. So we didn't see it.
   
6. 
   By accident she gave us the wrong address. So we went to the wrong place.
   
7. 
   She happened to mention Tom's name. So Tom was suspected.
   
8. 
   He happened to be standing outside the door. So he heard the conversation.
   
9. 
   They happened to be speaking French. So neither of us understood them.
   
10. 
    They accidentally left a bicycle in the passage and Tom fell over it.
    
11. 
    She happened to have left her umbrella at home. So she had to share Peter's.
    
12. 
    He happened to post all his cards in Rome. So we assumed he spent his whole holiday there.
    
13. 
    He happened to be in the telephone box. So he saw everything.
    
14. 
    She happened to drop the report on Peter's desk. So Peter read it.
    
15. 
    She accidentally dropped her handkerchief. Jack picked it up.
    

1. 
   B: I see. I'm not to let him bathe in case he caches cold.
   

The au pair girl reports this conversation later.

2. 
   B: I wasn't allowed to let him bathe in case he caught cold.
   

(c) B: She told me not to let him bathe in case he caught cold.

1. 
   climbs trees he'll tear his trousers.
   
2. 
   plays near the river he'll fall in.
   
3. 
   talks to the neighbour's children he'll learn bad language.
   
4. 
   runs about in the garden he'll trample the flowers.
   
5. 
   strikes matches he'll burn himself.
   
6. 
   uses the scissors he'll cut himself.
   
7. 
   stand on his head he'll make himself giddy.
   
8. 
   pats the dogs they will bite him.
   
9. 
   strokes the cats they will scratch him.
   
10. 
    shouts he'll disturb his grandfather.
    
11. 
    kicks his football in the garden he'll damage the roses.
    
12. 
    sits on the grass he'll catch a cold.
    
13. 
    crosses the road alone he'll be run over.
    
14. 
    goes out alone he'll lose his way.
    
15. 
    carries a tray he'll drop it.
    
16. 
    flies his kite he'll lose it.
    
17. 
    sails his boat he'll get his feet wet.
    
18. 
    throws his ball he'll break a window.
    
19. 
    helps the painters he'll spill the paint.
    
20. 
    rides his bicycle he'll have an accident
    

B: But you shouldn't have let him bathe! He might have caught cold.

B: But you shouldn't have let him bathe!

B: But he might have caught cold!

1. 
   climbed trees and didn't tear his trousers.
   
2. 
   played near the river and didn't fall in.
   
3. 
   talked to the neighbour's children and didn't learn bad language.
   
4. 
   ran about in the garden and didn't trample the flowers.
   
5. 
   struck matches and didn't burn himself.
   
6. 
   used the scissors and didn't cut himself.
   
7. 
   stood on his head and didn't make himself giddy.
   
8. 
   patted the dogs and they didn't bite him.
   
9. 
   stroked the cats and they didn't scratch him.
   
10. 
    shouted and didn't disturb his grandfather.
    
11. 
    kicked his football and didn't damage the roses.
    
12. 
    sat on the grass and didn't catch a cold.
    
13. 
    crossed the road and wasn't run over.
    
14. 
    went out alone and didn't lose his way.
    
15. 
    carried a tray and didn't drop it.
    
16. 
    flew his kite and didn't lose it.
    
17. 
    sailed his boat and didn't get his feet wet.
    
18. 
    threw his ball and didn't break a window.
    
19. 
    helped the painters and didn't spill the paint.
    
20. 
    rode his bicycle and didn't have an accident.
    

1. 
   B: Our classrooms are swept by students. (stress on our)
   
2. 
   B: Our classrooms were swept by students. (stress on our)
   
3. 
   B: Our classrooms have always been swept by students. (stress on our)
   
4. 
   B: Our classrooms should be swept by students. (stress on students)
   

1. 
   technicians service the equipment
   
2. 
   the schoolkeeper cleans the blackboards
   
3. 
   a cleaner keeps the common room tidy
   
4. 
   the catering staff cook the lunches
   
5. 
   the schoolkeeper rings the bells
   
6. 
   the cleaners empty the wastepaper baskets
   
7. 
   trained telephonists man the switchboard
   
8. 
   the maintenance staff replace broken windows
   
9. 
   a trained driver drives the college bus
   
10. 
    qualified librarians look after the library
    
11. 
    the welfare officer organizes the annual dance
    
12. 
    the music staff produce the annual concert
    
13. 
    the physical training instructor runs the sports club
    
14. 
    the entertainments officer arranged trips
    
15. 
    the college secretary collects the fees
    
16. 
    the Director draws up the year's programme
    
17. 
    a printing firm prints our college magazine
    
18. 
    a paid handyman does all our repairs
    
19. 
    the Governors choose the Principal
    
20. 
    the Principal appoints staff
    

1. 
   A: They are widening our road.
   

2. 
   A: What did Bill say about the road?
   

And is answered in direct speech:

1. 
   repainting our bridge.
   
2. 
   repairing our road.
   
3. 
   widening our pavements.
   
4. 
   changing our house numbers.
   
5. 
   rebuilding out town hall.
   
6. 
   taking down our park railings.
   
7. 
   re-opening our theatre.
   
8. 
   cleaning our statues.
   
9. 
   closing down our local hospital.
   
10. 
    moving our library.
    
11. 
    replacing our street lights.
    
12. 
    extending our no-traffic area.
    
13. 
    re-routing our buses.
    
14. 
    turning our local cinema into a Bingo hall.
    
15. 
    masking our street one-way.
    
16. 
    resurfacing our road.
    
17. 
    restoring our old church.
    
18. 
    dredging our river.
    
19. 
    demolishing our old library.
    
20. 
    putting up our rates.
    

1. 
   A: Shall I buy the bread?
   

2. 
   A: Did you buy the bread?
   

1. 
   A: Perhaps they didn't treat this order as urgent.
   

B: Yes, it may/might have been impounded by the Customs.

2. 
   Prompt: didn't treat this order as urgent.
   

1. 
   didn't deal with the order at once.
   
2. 
   didn't post the packet promptly.
   
3. 
   didn't mark it urgent.
   
4. 
   didn't address it correctly.
   
5. 
   didn't label it clearly.
   
6. 
   didn't tie it up properly.
   
7. 
   didn't send it by air.
   
8. 
   didn't stamp it sufficiently.
   
9. 
   didn't register it.
   
10. 
    didn't insure it.
    

11–20 Perhaps ...

11. 
    the clerk overlooked the order.
    
12. 
    the postman put it in the wrong box.
    
13. 
    the postman delivered it to the wrong floor.
    
14. 
    the postman left it next door.
    
15. 
    the postman brought it to our old office.
    
16. 
    the Customs delayed it. (Keep the Customs.)
    
17. 
    the Customs returned it to the senders. . (Keep the Customs.)
    
18. 
    the Customs confiscated it. (Keep the Customs.)
    
19. 
    the postal strike held it up.
    
20. 
    a magpie stole it.
    

2. 
   As for (a), but in 1–10 omit Perhaps they and in 11–20 omit Perhaps.