Structure drills 1 Auxiliary verbs: short answers (01)

B: But unless he starts today he'll be too late

1. 
   come
   
2. 
   begin
   
3. 
   decide
   
4. 
   sign
   
5. 
   apply
   
6. 
   leave
   
7. 
   send it
   
8. 
   post it
   
9. 
   tell us
   
10. 
    set out
    
11. 
    book the seats
    
12. 
    pay
    
13. 
    claim it
    
14. 
    report it
    
15. 
    arrive
    
16. 
    enrol
    
17. 
    go
    
18. 
    accept
    
19. 
    fly
    
20. 
    arrange it
    

B: I'm afraid so. I'd put you up if I could but I can't.

1. 
   meet me.
   
2. 
   see me off.
   
3. 
   help me.
   
4. 
   wait for me.
   
5. 
   keep me a place. (Leave place unchanged.)
   
6. 
   show me the way. (Leave way unchanged.)
   
7. 
   fix it for me.
   
8. 
   translate it.
   
9. 
   give me a lift. (Leave lift unchanged.)
   
10. 
    carry it for me.
    
11. 
    find me a job. (Leave job unchanged.)
    
12. 
    go with me.
    
13. 
    babysit.
    
14. 
    take over.
    
15. 
    do it.
    
16. 
    arrange it for me.
    
17. 
    drive me.
    
18. 
    explain it to me.
    
19. 
    show me how to do it.
    
20. 
    advise me.
    

B: If I lived near my work, I'd always be in time too. (Stress the subjects.)

[should is also possible]
A: His case is light so he carries it himself.

B: If my case were light, I'd carry it myself too. (Stress my and 'I'.)

B: If we had a colour television, we'd stay at home in the evenings too.

1. 
   She is nice and slim, so she looks marvellous in tight jeans.
   
2. 
   He has plenty of money, so he spends the winters abroad.
   
3. 
   He works overtime, so he earns a lot of money.
   
4. 
   His garden gets a lot of sun, so he can grow peaches.
   
5. 
   He can ski, so he goes skiing at Christmas.
   
6. 
   They use electric typewriters, so they finish early.
   
7. 
   She knows a film director, so she gets good parts.
   
8. 
   She gets two hours for lunch, so she goes to lunch-time concerts.
   
9. 
   Both Jack and his wife work, so they can afford expensive holidays. (if we ...)
   
10. 
    He reads the newspapers carefully and always knows what's happening.
    
11. 
    He runs round the park every morning, so he keeps very fit.
    
12. 
    He travels first class, so he enjoys travelling.
    
13. 
    Mrs Jones employs an au pair girl, so she can spend all day reading novels.
    
14. 
    His alarm clock rings very loudly, so he always wakes up in time.
    
15. 
    Her husband leaves the car at home, so she goes shopping in it.
    
16. 
    They do their own decorating, so they save a lot of money. (if we ...)
    
17. 
    He belongs to a club, so he meets a lot of people.
    
18. 
    He meets a lot of people, so he makes a lot of friends.
    
19. 
    She has everything she wants, so she is perfectly happy.
    
20. 
    He understands electricity, so he does his own repairs.
    

B: If I were on holiday, I'd be sitting on the beach too.

1. 
   pony-trekking.
   
2. 
   sailing.
   
3. 
   gardening.
   
4. 
   lying in a hammock.
   
5. 
   fishing.
   
6. 
   camping.
   
7. 
   sight-seeing.
   
8. 
   playing tennis.
   
9. 
   swimming.
   
10. 
    sitting on the beach.
    
11. 
    sitting in a deckchair.
    
12. 
    mowing the lawn.
    
13. 
    skin-diving.
    
14. 
    painting pictures.
    
15. 
    watching a football match.
    
16. 
    touring Italy.
    
17. 
    buying antiques.
    
18. 
    taking photographs.
    
19. 
    sun-bathing.
    
20. 
    driving along a motorway.
    

B: You didn't tell me to. If you'd old me, I'd have paid him of course.

1. 
   wait for Henry?
   
2. 
   meet John?
   
3. 
   thank James?
   
4. 
   warn Mary?
   
5. 
   remind the children?
   
6. 
   invite Mr and Mrs Jones?
   
7. 
   ring Margaret?
   
8. 
   send the parcel?
   
9. 
   phone the doctor?
   
10. 
    write to George?
    
11. 
    report it?
    
12. 
    ask Billy?
    
13. 
    propose Peter?
    
14. 
    sack Tom?
    
15. 
    look for Philip?
    
16. 
    follow the man?
    
17. 
    search the house?
    
18. 
    vote for Donald?
    
19. 
    stop the car?
    
20. 
    oppose the new policy?
    

B: Would you have gone if he had asked you? (slight stress on had)

2. 
   A: He didn't ask me to open the letters.
   

3. 
   A: He didn't ask me to send him the papers.
   

1. 
   wait for him.
   
2. 
   help him.
   
3. 
   see him off.
   
4. 
   show him my notes. (See (iii) above.)
   
5. 
   lend it to him.
   
6. 
   paint his portrait.
   
7. 
   open the safe.
   
8. 
   photograph the documents.
   
9. 
   iron his shirts.
   
10. 
    write to him.
    
11. 
    explain.
    
12. 
    pay.
    
13. 
    move the car.
    
14. 
    do it again.
    
15. 
    type the report.
    
16. 
    give him the key. (See (iii) above.)
    
17. 
    change my plans.
    
18. 
    keep it a secret.
    
19. 
    marry him.
    
20. 
    contribute.
    

B: So if you'd felt well, you'd have gone with him, would you?

1. 
   I hadn't the paper qualifications, so I didn't get the post.
   
2. 
   I didn't do the last question, so I didn't pass.
   
3. 
   I didn't know his number, so I didn't ring him.
   
4. 
   I didn't take his threats seriously, so I didn't tell the police.
   
5. 
   He didn't finish the job, so I don't pay him.
   
6. 
   I didn't realize he was ill, so I didn't give him the day off.
   
7. 
   My gun wasn't loaded, so I didn't fire.
   
8. 
   My wife didn't encourage me, that's why I didn't get to the top.
   
9. 
   They didn't give me a work permit, so I didn't stay here.
   
10. 
    I didn't hear knocking, so I didn't open the door.
    

2. 
   A: He didn't tell me the lions were loose, so I left the car.
   

1. 
   I didn't know I was overdrawn, so I gave them a cheque.
   
2. 
   I wasn't given correct information, so I arrived at a false conclusion.
   
3. 
   They didn't shut the loading door properly; that's why the plane crashed.
   
4. 
   He didn't love her; that's why he deceived her.
   
5. 
   I didn't know the whole story, so I blamed Tom.
   
6. 
   They hadn't enough lifeboats; that's why there was such loss of life.
   
7. 
   He couldn't swim; that's why he was drowned,
   
8. 
   He didn't tie up the boat, so it drifted sway.
   
9. 
   I didn't realize the lion was dangerous, so I opened the cage.
   
10. 
    I didn't expect him to ring back at once, so I went out.
    

B: No I can't. I wish I could. (Or: If only I could!)

the I wish form.

1. 
   Is she flying?
   
2. 
   Can you drive a car?
   
3. 
   Do you know where we are?
   
4. 
   Have you got a map?
   
5. 
   Are your children with you?
   
6. 
   Does he come straight home after work?
   
7. 
   Are your students interested in languages?
   
8. 
   Is it your weekend off?
   
9. 
   Can you understand this notice?
   
10. 
    Have you done your packing?
    

2. 
   A: Do they eat sweets between meals?
   

B: Yes, I must. I wish I didn't have to.

1. 
   Are your friends leaving tomorrow?
   
2. 
   Does he smoke in bed?
   
3. 
   Must you start tomorrow?
   
4. 
   Are they selling their house?
   
5. 
   Do they want to emigrate?
   
6. 
   Have you signed the contract?
   
7. 
   Is he going out tonight?
   
8. 
   Need you appear in court?
   
9. 
   Have you posted the letter?
   
10. 
    Must you do military service?
    

B: I wish I was going by air. (stress on the second 'I')

B: I wish I'd passed my test. (stress on the second 'I' and on my)

(This form is much more dramatic and less generally useful than the I wish form.)

1. 
   I have a flat here.
   
2. 
   I know five languages.
   
3. 
   I live near my work.
   
4. 
   I can park outside my office.
   
5. 
   My case is quite light.
   
6. 
   I'm getting thinner.
   
7. 
   I have six weeks' holiday a year.
   
8. 
   My son writes every week.
   
9. 
   My boss hands out free theatre tickets.
   
10. 
    I've worked hard all the year.
    
11. 
    I get the weekends off.
    
12. 
    I have plenty of time for reading.
    
13. 
    My neighbours are very quiet.
    
14. 
    I get a bonus at Christmas.
    
15. 
    I find it easy to concentrate.
    
16. 
    I understand it.
    
17. 
    I can take a day off any time.
    
18. 
    I've saved $100.
    
19. 
    My house looks out on a park.
    
20. 
    My parents give me an allowance.
    

B: I wish you'd asked Tom too. (had is normally contracted here.)

or: If only you'd asked Tom too!

1. 
   I paid Jack.
   
2. 
   I invited Paul.
   
3. 
   I scolded Peter.
   
4. 
   I stopped Mary.
   
5. 
   I rang Ann.
   
6. 
   I wrote to Alec.
   
7. 
   I voted for Bill.
   
8. 
   I suggested Arthur.
   
9. 
   I spoke to John.
   
10. 
    I warned Philip.
    

2. 
   A: I only left an umbrella.
   

or: If only you hadn't left anything! (slight stress on anything)

A: I only paid the guide.

B: I wish you hadn't paid anyone. (slight stress on anyone.)

or: If only you hadn't paid anyone! (slight stress on anyone.)
I only ...

1. 
   said a few words.
   
2. 
   ate a few nuts.
   
3. 
   drank half a glass of wine.
   
4. 
   tipped the porter.
   
5. 
   gave 10p.
   
6. 
   signed the bill
   
7. 
   photographed the entrance.
   
8. 
   admitted one thing.
   
9. 
   took an apple.
   
10. 
    told Andrew.
    

1. 
   B: Would you shut the door, please?
   
2. 
   B: Could you shut the door, please?
   

1. 
   tell Jack.
   
2. 
   ask Mary.
   
3. 
   ring Ann.
   
4. 
   turn off the light.
   
5. 
   lock the door.
   
6. 
   come in quietly.
   
7. 
   write at once.
   
8. 
   thank him.
   
9. 
   forward your letters.
   
10. 
    go myself.
    
11. 
    mend the fuse.
    
12. 
    cancel the papers.
    
13. 
    pay the milkman.
    
14. 
    let me know about this.
    
15. 
    give him his lunch.
    
16. 
    feed the goldfish.
    
17. 
    water the roses.
    
18. 
    answer the letter.
    
19. 
    cook the lunch.
    
20. 
    send him a cheque.
    

1. 
   B: If you'd join the queue.
   

and there is no chance of objection.)

2. 
   B: Could you shut the door, please?
   

we will restrict the exercises to if you'd and would you like to)

1. 
   open my case.
   
2. 
   sign here.
   
3. 
   give you some proof of my identity.
   
4. 
   put my name and address on the back of the cheque.
   
5. 
   show you my passport.
   
6. 
   wait in the waiting room.
   
7. 
   ring this number.
   
8. 
   write to this address.
   
9. 
   leave my name and telephone number.
   
10. 
    take off my coat.
    
11. 
    open my book at page 60.
    
12. 
    go up to the next floor.
    
13. 
    come this way.
    
14. 
    fill up this form.
    
15. 
    follow you.
    
16. 
    pay the cashier.
    
17. 
    accompany you to the manager's office.
    
18. 
    tell you exactly what happened.
    
19. 
    have a look at these brochures.
    
20. 
    think it over.
    

1. 
   B: No. Would you mind cleaning them?
   
2. 
   B: No. I wonder if you'd mind cleaning them.
   

1. 
   beds been made?
   
2. 
   table been laid?
   
3. 
   stairs been swept?
   
4. 
   coffee been ground?
   
5. 
   onions been cut up?
   
6. 
   washing-up been done?
   
7. 
   gas bill been paid?
   
8. 
   steps been scrubbed?
   
9. 
   furniture been polished?
   
10. 
    dining room been dusted?
    
11. 
    shopping been done?
    
12. 
    sheets been ironed?
    
13. 
    tea been made?
    
14. 
    laundry been collected?
    
15. 
    clock been wound?
    
16. 
    cheese been grated?
    
17. 
    letters been posted?
    
18. 
    sandwiches been cut?
    
19. 
    potatoes been peeled?
    
20. 
    chips been fried?
    

1. 
   B: Would you mind if I went tomorrow instead?
   

2. 
   B: Would it be all right if I went tomorrow instead?
   

1. 
   leave
   
2. 
   ring the Smiths
   
3. 
   tell Jack
   
4. 
   pay the bill
   
5. 
   write to Mary
   
6. 
   send the cheque
   
7. 
   buy the tickets
   
8. 
   begin
   
9. 
   report it
   
10. 
    mend it
    
11. 
    make the cake
    
12. 
    change the wheel
    
13. 
    check the brakes
    
14. 
    renew your licence
    
15. 
    do your packing
    
16. 
    book the seats
    
17. 
    decide
    
18. 
    move out
    
19. 
    make the inventory
    
20. 
    settle the account
    

PEG 297
A: Would you like to go with Peter or with Paul?

1. 
   B: I'd rather go with Paul.
   
2. 
   B: I'd prefer to go with Paul.
   

A: Would you like to fry it or grill it?

1. 
   B: I'd rather grill it.
   
2. 
   B: I'd prefer to grill it.
   

1. 
   have supper at home or go out to supper?
   
2. 
   join a nine o'clock class or an eleven o'clock class?
   
3. 
   drive or fly?
   
4. 
   pay cash or by cheque?
   
5. 
   marry a poor man or a rich man?
   
6. 
   stay at home after marriage or go out to work?
   
7. 
   write to him or ring him?
   
8. 
   eat it raw or cook it?
   
9. 
   watch cricket or tennis?
   
10. 
    see a film or a play?
    
11. 
    buy one or borrow one?
    
12. 
    leave today or tomorrow?
    
13. 
    ask Tom or ask Jack?
    
14. 
    earn money or spend it?
    
15. 
    see the film first or read the book first?
    
16. 
    wash them at home or take them to the launderette?
    
17. 
    explain it in French or English?
    
18. 
    queue for a bus or look for a taxi?
    
19. 
    drive or be driven?
    
20. 
    live 35 floors up or nearer the ground?
    

and I would prefer you + infinitive

PEG 297
A: Can I go by air? (train)

1. 
   B: I'd rather you went by train.
   
2. 
   B: I'd prefer to go by train..
   

1. 
   Can I by a big dog? (small dog)
   
2. 
   Shall I phone you when you're away? (write to me)
   
3. 
   Can I study sociology at the university? (mathematics)
   
4. 
   Shall I toss the pancake? (turn it with a knife)
   
5. 
   Shall I put the money under the mattress? (put it in the bank)
   
6. 
   Can I hang the washing out of the window? (hang it on the line)
   
7. 
   Can we speak French at meals? (English)
   
8. 
   Can I pay by cheque? (pay cash)
   
9. 
   Can I settle the account tomorrow? (today)
   
10. 
    Can I climb alone? (with a guide)
    
11. 
    Shall I leave the key in the lock? (under the mat)
    
12. 
    Shall I adjust the brakes myself? (ask the garage to do it)
    
13. 
    Can I join the demonstration? (stay at home)
    
14. 
    Shall I complain to the manager? (say nothing)
    
15. 
    Shall I let the phone ring? (answer it)
    
16. 
    Shall I leave the light on? (turn it off)
    
17. 
    Can I wear jeans to Ann's party? ( a suit)
    
18. 
    Shall I cut my own hair? (go to a hairdresser)
    
19. 
    Can I drive fast? (slowly)
    
20. 
    Shall I send it by ordinary post? (register it)
    

PEG 295
(a) A (in tones of sympathy): You have to make beds, I suppose.

B (cheerfully): Yes, but I like making beds!

Twenty years later, Susan's children have left home, her husband has retired and they can afford some help in house and garden. Her friend reminds her of her former busy life.

2. 
   A: You had to make beds, I suppose.
   

PEG 295
Students' summer jobs.

B: Yes, but I wouldn't like/wouldn't care/would hate to drive lorries for a living.

2. 
   A: You liked driving lorries, didn't you?