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Table 4 Growth of urban population and urbanized area in China
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- Table 5 Cultivated land in China, 1985–1996 Year 1985 1986 1988 1994 1996
| Table 4
Growth of urban population and urbanized area in China Year 1990 1995 Change (%) Urban population 148 million 180 million ⫹ 21.6% Urbanized area 11,608 square km 22,100 square km ⫹ 90.4% Source: Based on China Statistical Yearbook 1991 to 1996. Table 5 Cultivated land in China, 1985–1996 Year 1985 1986 1988 1994 1996 Amount of cultivated land 96.85 96.23 95.72 94.91 94.97 (million ha.) As percent of China’s territory 10.09% 10.03% 10.00% 9.88% 9.89% Source: China Statistical Yearbook, 1986 to 1997. The Chinese statistical bureau also released annual cultivated land change from 1978 to 1995. According to the statistical yearbook, from 1985 to 1994, a per- iod when China experienced rapid urbanization, cumulative loss of cultivated land was 7.82 million hectares. The cumulative loss is about 8% of China’s total cultivated land in 1985 (State Statistical Bureau of People’s Republic of China, 1998). Chinese researchers estimated that the average loss of cultivated land was 580,000 hectares per year from 1986 to 1993 (Li and Nie, 1996; Ma, 1997). If this number is accepted, the amount of cultivated land loss was 5.8 million hectares in the last ten years (1986 to 1996), meaning that about 6 percent of China’s cultivated land had been converted to non-farm uses over the decade. The most accurate data may come from an internal report of the Department of City Planning (DCP) of the Ministry of Construction. The 1997 report showed that the cumulative loss of cultivated land was 68,442 square km, or 6.8 million hectares from 1986 to 1995 (China Department of City Planning, 1997b, see Table 6). What contributes to cultivated land loss? Official reports indicate four main categories of loss from 1990 to 1995. Structural adjustment of the agricultural sector was the number one contributor (66.84 percent), mainly the conversion of cultivated land to other non-urban uses such as orchard, meadow and timberland. The second contributor was urban con- struction activity (18.52 percent) including residential, industrial, infrastructure development and other capi- tal improvement uses. Third, rural construction activi- tải về 149.87 Kb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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