Table 1
China’s cities and towns, 1981 and 1995
Type
1981
1995
City
Mega city
18
32
Big city
28
43
Medium city
70
192
Small city
117
373
Town
2678
16992
Total
2911
17632
Source: Department of City Planning, Ministry of Construction of
China, 1997.
distribution across the four groups of cities in 1990
(Ma, 1997. See Table 2). According to their estimate,
mega cities had about one-third of the urbanized area
and 41 percent of total urban population.
From 1990 to 1995, the growth rates of medium
size and mega cities have increased faster than that
of the two other groups (Table 3). For instance,
urbanized land in mega cities grew at an average rate
of 9.8%, and the population of these super cities
increased by 2.88% annually from 1990 to 1995
(Zhao et al., 1998).
In the classification of non-farm use land, there are
“urbanized areas” in cities and towns, and “non-farm
use land” (residential, village owned manufacturing,
and institutional uses) in rural areas in China. The
amount of China’s urbanized area in cities and towns
had increased to 42,400 square km (22,100 square km
in cities and 20,300 square km for towns) in 1995,
plus an additional 138,100 square km rural non-farm
use land in the same year. The two land use categories
accounted for 1.88 percent of China’s total territory
(China Department of City Planning, 1997a). In that
same year, the urban population increased to 180
million (State Statistical Bureau of People’s Republic
of China, 1998).
Table 2
China’s urbanized area in cities and towns (1990)
City size
Mega city
Big city
Medium city
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