8
[
(*)
:
The Path of Purification, (Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society, 1975; 3
rd
ed.
Shambala Publications, 1976)].
[
(*)
: Con đường của Sự Thanh Tịnh, (Kandy: Hiệp Hội Xuất Bản Sách Phật Giáo,
1975, xuất bản lần thứ ba, Xuất Bản Kinh Sách Shambala, 1976]
Though Ànàpàna is basically a way of developing Samatha (tranquility of
mind), Samàdhi (concentration of mind to one – pointedness) and Jhàna
(absorption states), Venerable Webu Sayadaw said that when concentration
developed to a sufficient degree, the meditator automatically gains Insight into the
three characteristics of nature, Anicca, Dukkha and Anattà, if his mind is open to
recognize them. Anicca means “impermanence” or “instability”, “change”, and
is characteristic of all conditioned phenomena, be they physical or mental.
Dukkha denotes the unsastifactory nature of all these phenomena: nothing that is
impermanence or changing can ever give lasting satisfaction. Anattà means “non
– self”, “non – soul”, and applies to all phenomena – conditioned and
unconditioned. According to the Buddha, there is no permanent ego, soul or
personal entity, but only physical and mental phenomena interrelating. In
Buddhism the understanding of these three characteristics of Anicca, Dukkha and
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