C¸c danh tõ lµm chøc n¨ng tÝnh tõ

C¸c danh tõ lµm chøc n¨ng tÝnh tõ

VÝ dô:

(Weeks lµm chøc n¨ng danh tõ trong c©u nµy).

We took a five-week tour.

^{Adj noun}

His subscription to that magazine is for two years.

(years : danh tõ)

He has a two-year subscription to that magazine.

That student wrote a report that was ten pages long.

(pages : danh tõ)

That student wrote a ten-page report.

These shoes cost twenty dollars.

These are twenty-dollar shoes.

^{Adj noun}

25. Enough víi tÝnh tõ, phã tõ vµ danh tõ

Are those French fries crisp enough for you?

She speaks Spanish well enough to be an interpreter.

It is not cold enough to wear a heavy jacket.

Khi bæ nghÜa cho mét danh tõ enough ®øng ®»ng tr­íc.

Do you have enough sugar for the cake?

Jake bought enough red paint to finish the barn.

He does not have enough money to attend the concert.

Danh tõ mµ enough bæ nghÜa ®«i khi kh«ng cÇn thiÕt cã mÆt trong c©u mµ kh«ng lµm thay ®æi nghÜa cña c©u.

(ta hiÓu r»ng ngô ý cña ng­êi nãi lµ “enough money”)

26. C¸c tõ nèi chØ nguyªn nh©n

1. Because/ because of

Because of cã thÓ thay thÕ cho thµnh ng÷ due to.

Jan was worried because it had started to rain.

^{Subject verb}

Jan was worried because of the rain.

The students arrived late because there was a traffic jam.

The students arrived late because of the traffic jam.

We have to cut down on our driving because there is an oil shortage.

We have to cut down on our driving because of the oil shortage.

2. Môc ®Ých vµ kÕt qu¶ (so that- ®Ó)

MÆc dï trong v¨n nãi cã thÓ chÊp nhËn kh«ng cã that nh­ng trong v¨n viÕt buéc ph¶i cã that.

He studied very hard so that he could pass the test.

(nã ®· häc rÊt ch¨m chØ ®Ó cã thÓ qua ®­îc kú thi)

She is sending the package early so that it will arrive in time for her sister’s birthday.

Damien is practicing the guitar so that he can play for the dance.

I am learning German so that I will be able to speak it when I go to Austria next summer.

Susan drove to Miami instead of flying so that she could save money.

3. Cause and effect

The soprano sang so well that she received a standing ovation.

Terry ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.

Judy worked so diligently that she received an increase in salary.

The soup tastes so good that every one will ask for more.

The little boy looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for him.

The students had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.

C¸c cÊu tróc chøa c¸c bæ ng÷ c­êng ®é:

many few Subject + verb + so + + dt ®2 sè nhiÒu + that + subject + verb

The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team.

I had so few job offers that it wasn’t difficult to select one.

much little Subject + verb + so + + dt kh«ng ®2 + that + subject + verb

He has invested so much money in the project that he cannot abandon it now.

The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat.

Subject + verb + such + a + adjective + dt ®2 sè Ýt + that ...

Subject + verb + so + adjective + a + dt ®2 sè Ýt + that ...

It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors.

HoÆc

It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors.

HoÆc

She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her.

They are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one.

Perry has had such bad luck that he’s decided not to gamble.

This is such difficult homework that I will never finish it.

vÝ dô:

( T«i kh«ng biÕt liÖu t«i cã nhËn ®­îc ra nã kh«ng v× ®· l©u l¾m råi t«i kh«ng gÆp nã.)

Nguyªn nh©n: It has been a long time.

KÕt qu¶ : I’m not sure if I will remember him.

He has so heavy a work load that it is difficult for him to travel.

( ThËt lµ khã ®èi víi anh ta trong chuyÖn ®i du lÞch bëi v× anh ta cã nhiÒu c«ng viÖc ph¶i lµm.)

Nguyªn nh©n: He has a very heavy work load.

KÕt qu¶ : It is difficult for him to travel.

Peter has such long fingers that he should play the piano.

(Peter nªn ch¬i ®µn Piano bëi v× nã cã nh÷ng ngãn tay dµi.)

Nguyªn nh©n: Peter has such long fingers.

KÕt qu¶ : He should play the piano.

Professor Sands gives such interesting lectures that his classes are never boring.

(c¸c giê häc cña gi¸o s­ Sands ch¼ng bao giê buån tÎ bëi v× «ng Êy th­êng ®­a ra nh÷ng bµi gi¶ng hÕt søc thó vÞ.)

Nguyªn nh©n: Professor Sands gives very interesting lectures.

KÕt qu¶ : His classes are never boring.

This is such tasty ice cream that I’ll have another helping.

(T«i sÏ gäi mét suÊt kem n÷a v× nã rÊt ngon.)

Nguyªn nh©n: The ice cream is very tasty.

KÕt qu¶ : I’ll have another helping.

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