So s¸nh h¬n, kÐm
- Trong lo¹i so s¸nh nµy, ngêi ta ph©n ra lµm 2 lo¹i phã tõ, tÝnh tõ ng¾n vµ phã tõ, tÝnh tõ dµi.
- §èi víi c¸c phã tõ vµ tÝnh tõ ng¾n, ta chØ cÇn céng thªm ®u«i ER vµo tËn cïng.
- §èi víi nh÷ng tÝnh tõ ng¾n cã 1 nguyªn ©m kÑp gi÷a 2 phô ©m, ta ph¶i gÊp ®«i phô ©m cuèi ®Ó kh«ng ph¶i thay ®æi c¸ch ®äc.
VÝ dô:
big - bigger.
red - redder
hot - hotter
- Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ cã tËn cïng b»ng b¸n nguyªn ©m ph¶i ®æi thµnh ier (y -ier)
VÝ dô:
happy - happier
friendly - friendlier (hoÆc more friendly than)
- Trêng hîp ngo¹i lÖ: strong - stronger.
- §èi víi tÊt c¶ c¸c phã tõ vµ tÝnh tõ dµi dïng more (nÕu h¬n) vµ dïng less ( nÕu kÐm).
VÝ dô: more beautiful, more important, more believable.
-
Subject + verb + + than +
adj + er
adv + er* noun
more + adj/ adv pronoun
less + adj
|
* cã thÓ thªm er vµo tËn cïng cña mét sè phã tõ nh: faster, quicker, sooner, vµ later.
Lu ý:
- §»ng sau phã tõ so s¸nh nh than vµ as ph¶i lµ ®¹i tõ nh©n xng chñ ng÷, kh«ng ®îc phÐp lµ ®¹i tõ nh©n xng t©n ng÷ ( lçi c¬ b¶n).
VÝ dô:
John’s grades are higher than his sister’s.
Today is hotter than yesterday.
This chair is more comfortable than the other.
He speaks Spanish more fluently than I .
He visits his family less frequently than she does.
This year’s exhibit is less impressive than last year’s.
- §Ó nhÊn m¹nh cho tÝnh tõ vµ phã tõ so s¸nh ngêi ta dïng far hoÆc much tríc so s¸nh.
-
Subject + verb +
|
far
much
|
adv
+
adj
|
+er
|
+ than
|
noun
+
pronoun
|
-
Subject + verb +
|
far
much
|
more
+
less
|
adj
+
adv
|
+ than
|
noun
+
pronoun
|
- Mét sè thµnh ng÷ nhÊn m¹nh : much too much
adv adv adj
VÝ dô:
Harry’s watch is far more expensive than mine.
That movie we saw last night was much less interesting than the one on television.
A watermelon is much sweeter than a lemon.
She dances much more artistically than her predecessor.
He speaks English much more rapidly than he does Spanish.
His car is far better than yours.
Danh tõ còng cã thÓ ®îc dïng ®Ó so s¸nh trong c¸c cÊu tróc b»ng hoÆc h¬n, kÐm.
- Trong cÊu tróc so s¸nh b»ng chØ cÇn x¸c ®Þnh xem danh tõ ®ã lµ ®Õm ®îc hay kh«ng ®Õm ®îc v× tríc chóng cã mét sè ®Þnh ng÷ dïng víi 2 lo¹i danh tõ ®ã.
- Trong cÊu tróc so s¸nh h¬n kÐm còng cÇn ph¶i x¸c ®Þnh xem danh tõ ®ã lµ ®Õm ®îc hay kh«ng ®Õm ®îc v× ®»ng tríc chóng cã dïng fewer (cho ®Õm ®îc), less (kh«ng ®Õm ®îc) vµ more dïng chung cho c¶ 2 (c«ng thøc díi ®©y). Do cÊu tróc nµy kh«ng phøc t¹p nªn ®îc dïng réng r·i h¬n so víi cÊu tróc so s¸nh b»ng.
Subject + verb + as + + noun + as +
many
much noun
little pronoun
few
|
hoÆc
more noun
Subject + verb + fewer + noun + than + pronoun
less
|
VÝ dô:
I have more books than she.
February has fewer days than March.
He earns as much money as his brother.
They have as few class as we.
Their job allows them less freedom than ours does.
Before pay-day, I have as little money as my brother.
Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn: |