Moät soá chuyeån ñoåi khaùc

1. 
   Moät soá chuyeån ñoåi khaùc:
   

Direct speech	Reported speech
This	That/the
These	Those/the
Here	There
Now	Then/at once
Today	That day
Tomorrow	The following day / the next day
Tonight	That night
Yesterday	The day before / the previous day
Ago	Before

3. 
   Caâu töôøng thuaät loaïi caâu hoûi :
   

+ Vôùi caâu hoûi Coù hay Khoâng khi ñoåi sang caâu töôøng thuaät ta phaûi söû duïng “if” hoaëc “whether”.

+ Vôùi caâu hoûi coù “töø hoûi” khi ñoåi sang caâu töôøng thuaät ta khoâng ñöôïc duøng “if” hoaëc “whether” maø phaûi duøng laïi chính töø hoûi ñoù.

+ Neáu ñoâïng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì hieän taïi thì thì cuûa ñoäng töø chính ñöôïc giöõ nguyeân khi chuyeån lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp sang giaùn tieáp.

Ex:

Direct speech: “I’m arriving at about 6.00,” says she.

Reported speech: she says (that) she’s arriving at about 6.00.

BAØI TAÄP:

I. Change into indirect speech:

1. Mary said “ I go to school by bicycle”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Ann said to John “ You may see the photos if you like”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. “ I’m going to town with my sister”, he said.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. “ I’ll be back next Sunday and buy you a new doll” Daisy’s father said to her.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Nam said “ I want to be rich and famous”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. The students said “ We have just finished our lesson”.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Tim said “ The circus is coming again to my town”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. “ Our house is large enough for us “ they said.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. He said, “I’ll be here again tomorrow”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. We said to them, “Your houses are very nice”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

11. She said to them, “He’s lived here for 4 years”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. Tom said, “I’m going away for a few days and will phone you when I get back”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. Mary said to John, “I cannot go to the movie with you tomorrow”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

14. William said, “I’m very grateful to you for your helping me with the Vietnamese lesson”

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. “I don’t like this film” Betty said to Bill.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

16. 
    “Don’t swim out too far, boy” She asked.
    

17. “Please don’t smoke in my car” the drivere asked.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

18. 
    “Come to see me when you have free time.” My uncle asked .
    

18. 
    “The windows are broken,” said Nga.
    

18. 
    “You must pay me now,” said Lan.
    

18. 
    “I will go to HCM City tomorrow.” Said Mr. Quang.
    

18. 
    We are learning English now,” said the students.
    

18. 
    “Are you a student?” Tim asked.
    

18. 
    “Will you be to France in the future?” my uncle asked.
    

18. 
    “Do you like English music?” Ann asked.
    

18. 
    “Where do you live?” Ann asked.
    

18. 
    “Which grade are you in?” asked Tim.
    

18. 
    “What are you doing now? She asked me
    

29. “What have you got in your luggage?” he asked

..................................................................................................................................................

30. “Are you a spy?” Nam asked

....................................................................................................................................................

31. “Do you have a notebook?” he asked

...................................................................................................................................................

32. “Where are you going?” Hoa asked

...............................................................................................................................................

33. “Where have you come from?” Lan asked

..................................................................................................................................................

34. “How long have you been in the country?” Ba asked

…...............................................................................................................................................

35. “Are you carrying any drugs?” Hoa asked

....................................................................................................................................................

II/ Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence.

1. The United state has a ............. of around 250 million. (A. population B. introduction C. separate D. addition)

2. The house …………. two bedrooms, a kitchen and a bathroom.(A. consists B. comprises C. divides D. takes)

3. It seems difficult ....................me to meet her now.(A. to B. for C. of D. from)

4. He doesn’t depend........................ his parents. (A. of B. on C. at D. for)

5. It rains heavily…………………..I can’t go out with you. (A. and B. but C. because D. so)

6- He was born …………….15^th January. (A. in B. of C. at D. on)

7- I want to ………….my English .Can you help me? (A. improve B. attend C. take D. give)

8- If you …………to get well soon, you must take this medicine. (A. will want B. wanted C. would want D. want)

9- We …………..a lovely holiday there, didn’t we? (A. have B. had C. have had D. were having)

10- It rains heavily, ……………..I can’t go to the movie with you. (A. and B. but C. because D. so)

11- My father …………..teaching in a small village 10 years ago. (A. starts B. started C. has started D. is starting)

12- They ……………in that house for several months. (A. had B. have lived C. lived D. were having)

13- Must this test ………………on time? (A. finish B. finished C. be finished D. be finish)

14. Malaysia is divided..............two regions. (A, to B, in C, into D, on)

15. I wish it __________ rain so often here. (A. not B. do not C. did D. didn’t )

16. They ........................playing soccer in the park.(A, use B, used to C, are used D, are used to)

17. Islamic people usually go to the …………………………to pray. (A, temple B, mosque C, church D, pagoda)

18. The Singapore unit of …………………… is dollar. (A. length B. height C. column D. currency)

19. Lan and Maryam are pen pals. They ……………at least once every week. (A. write B. correspond C. exchange D. visit)

20. I am used to .......................up early. (A, get B, to get C, getting D, got)

21. Vietnamese people are very ................. (A, friend B, friendly C, friendship D, friendliness)

22. Nam asked Mai ……………… she went to Nha Trang the last summer. (A. so B. if C. and D. when)

23. She was born ...............September 15^{th ­­­}. (A, in B, at C, on D, from)

24. They haven’t seen each other, but they write to each other frequently. They are …….. (A. pen pals B. writers C. co-writer D. paper pals)

25. Churches, temples and pagodas are places of ………… (A. friendship B. warship C. worship D. friendship)

26. Their friendliness makes a deep ……… on tourists. (A. correspondences B. beauty C. recreation D. impression)

27. Children in this poor village are allowed to go to school without ………. (A. education B. instruction C. fee D. impression)

28. Maryam is the one on the corner. She ………….. jeans. (A. is wearing B. wears C. has worn D. was wearing)

29. English …… widely ……….. in this country nowadays. (A. is / speaking B. is / spoken C. was / spoken D. is / spoke)

30. ……… English is their official language, most of them can speak Chinese. (A. Although B. So C. Despite D. If)

31. They cannot decide ……….. place to visit first. (A. how B. where C. which D. what)

32. My grandmother ……… the most beautiful girl in the village. (A. uses to being B. use to be C. used to being D. used to be)

33. We are having a good time together, I wish you …… here with us now. (A. are B. will be C. were D. would be)

34. S1 : Hello. You must be Maryam. S2 : …… (A. I must be B. I may be C. That’s right. I am D. You are not Maryam )

35. Since the economic ……… gets better, the sale of clothes increases. (A. convenience B. situation C.risk D. style)

36. ……………… can take inspiration from events in their daily life. (A. Poets B. Poem C. Poetry D. Poetic)

37. You should always wear a ………..when riding a motorbike. (A. hat B. cap C. guard D. helmet)

38. The number of people who wear jeans is increasing; that’s why sales of jeans are …….. up. (A. raising B. running C. pulling D. going)

39. In most factories workers have to wear uniform ………….. work. (A. at B. on C. in D. out)

40. My mother only wears ao dai …………..special occasions. (A. at B. in C. on D. with)

41. This is the first time she …………… traditional costume. (A. wears B. wore C. is wearing D. has worn)

42. The material that …………. from cotton is usually strong and hard-wearing. (A. is made B. makes C. is making D. made)

43. ………….. have you known him ? (A. How often B. When C. How long ago D. How long)

44. He finds his new shirt very …………… It will be his favorite one. (A. comfortable B. comfortably C. uncomfortable D. uncomfortably)

III. Give the correct form of the words in the brackets:

1. You must be (care)……………………………………… when you opened that door.

2- We’re very impressed by the ( friend)………………………………………… of your town's people.

3- Is Buddhism the country (office)…………………………………………………… religion of Thailand.

4- We'll live a happier and (health)……………………………………………………… life if we keep our environment clean.

5- The price of (electric)………………………………………………………… has gone up again.

6- Our school has a lot of (qualify) ............................................. teachers.

7- I watch the news everyday because it's very (inform ) .................................................

8- The Internet is a very useful means of (communicate) .................................................

9- We must learn about keeping the environment (pollute ) ................................................

10-Some of these traditional dresses have been………………………………………………… (modern)

11- Many Vietnamese women continue to wear the unique and………………………………………… dress. (fashion)

12-Lan wants to become a fashion……………………………………………………when she grows up. (design)

13-Although its services are not very good, the hotel is………………………………………for the beach. (convenience)

14-Although the ao dai is the…………..………dress of Vietnamese women, not many of them wear it at work. (tradition)

15-He never has any accidents. He is a .................................... driver. (care).

16- It is a nice shop and the assistances are all polite and very ......................................... (help).

17- This new center is an interesting............................................... (develop).

18- We can see many ………………………………………………….on TV every day. (advertise)

19- The Internet is a wonderful …………………………………………of modern life. (invent)

20- What have they done to ………………………………………………their own country. (modern)

22-Hanoi is much ………………………………………………from Tokyo, isn’t it? (difference)

23- The Internet has……………………………………………… It is very time- consuming and costly. (limit)

24- There are many ………………………………………………………………in our country of a years. ( celebrate)

25- We can save……………………………………………………resources by using solar energy. (nature)

26- The Pikes aren’t satisfied with their ……………………………………………………for Christmas. (prepare)

Type	If clause	Main clause
1	Present simple tense	Future simple tense / modal verbs (in present) + inf
2	Past subjunctive S + V2/ed (WERE)	Would Could + inf might

1- may/can ñeå chæ söï cho pheùp: EX: If you eat all your dinner, you can have a chocolate

2- may/might/ could ñeå chæ khaû naêng coù theå xaûy ra: VD: If he doesn’t come soon, he might miss the train

3- can/could ñeå chæ khaû naêng: EX: If the ice is thick, we can walk across

4- must/ have to ñeå chæ söï baét buoäc, should/ ought to ñeå chæ lôøi khuyeân hoaëc gôïi yù

EX: You must do your homework if you want to go out.

If you want to lose weight, you should do exercise.

I. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets in the following sentences:

1. He (not see)………………………………………………………….. his brother recently.

2. I can’t go to the movies with you if it (rain) ……………………………………………... heavily.

3. Lan (take)………………………………………………… to school every day when he was a child.

4. Would you mind (show) ……………………………………………………. me how to send an e- mail?

5. The “Ao dai” (mention)…………………………………………………………. in poems and songs for centuries.

6. What ………………………………………..….your children (do)……………………………….………. when he (come)…………………………..……… yesterday?

7. My car (not repair)…………………………………………………………… yet.

8. She (buy)……………………………………………………..……. this house for her son, didn’t she?

9. Where ………………………………………………………..you (go) ……………………….…………….if you have a car?

10. The children prefer (watch)……………………………………….. TV to (read) …………………………………….. books.

11. She (not live)…………….with her parents. She (live)…………………………………………..…alone.

12. I (stay)………………with my parents at the moment though I (have)……………………………….……..my own flat.

13. Listen! Someone (knock)………………………………..at the door.

14. I hope it (not rain)……………………………………………………..when the bride (leave)………………………………………

15. What time the bus (leave)………………………………………...for Dave tomorrow? - It (leave)…………………………………..at 7.45.

16. My father (always worry)……………………………………………….about us.

17. Everything on the Earth (always change)…………………………………………………………

18. We (have)………………………………………………a small party next Sunday? Would you like (come)……………………………………………?

19. Look at that car. It ( drive)………………………………………………too fast. It (hit)……………………………………that cyclist.

20.I bought a fishing rod. I (go)……………………………………………………fishing this afternoon.

21. My mother (always forget)……………………………………………………………her umbrella at the supermarket.

22. What ……you (do)………tonight?-I don’t know. I (probably stay)…....…………………………………………home and watch TV.

23.I hope I (become)…………………………………………………………………..a singer one day.

24. They (visit)……………………………………………….me when they (come back)…………………………………………………

25. He (take part)…………………………………………………………in an important meeting next Saturday.

26. A new supermarket ( open )…………………………………………………………in this town in the future.

27. If he (not phone)………………………………………………………………………………us, we won’t tell him the news.

28. He (stay)……………….at home if it (rain)………………….tomorrow.

29. It’s very cold here. You (close)……………..the window for me, please?

30. A: We’ve run out of sugar. B: Alright. I(go)…………………………………………and buy some.

31. The flight to HCM city (leave)………………………………….Hanoi at 10 and (arrive)……………………………………there at 11.

32. She sometimes (watch)…………………………………………………… movies on Sunday.

33. Look! Our teacher (come)……………………………………… She (have)……………………………………………long hair.

34. The children (like)…………………………………………………. to play in the park.

35. Something (smell)……………………………………………………good in the kitchen now.

36. Thanh prefers (listen)……………………………………to music to (watch)……………………………………………TV.

37. Tomorrow (be) ...................................... Sunday, so I (not go)……………………………………….to school.

38. The boys likes (play)……………………………………games but hate (do)………………………………………….lesson.

39. Would you like (go) ……………………………………………………now or shall we wait till the end?

40. We used (dream)……………………………………of a television set when we (be)…………………………………………small.

41. Would you mind (show)……………………………………………me how (send)………………………………………an e-mail.

42. If it (rain)………………………………………………………tomorrow, we won’t go on a camping trip.

43. If the teacher (give)………………………………………………us some homework, we have to stay home and do it.

44. If her mother (return)……………………………………………………home early, she can cook the meal for the family.

45. I (go)…………………………………………………………to Lan’s party if she invites me.

46. They will pass the exam if they (study)………………………………………………………hard.

47. They said that they (will try)…………………………………………………their best to do the test.

48. The book (just publish)…………………………………………………………by Kim Dong publisher.

49. The Brown (travel)……………………………………………………………to Asia many times.

50. The boys wish their team (not lose)…………………………………………………the game.

51. The farmers wish it (not rain)……………………………………………………so heavily this season.

52. Ba’s uncle wishes he (get)…………………………………………………………good crops this year.

53. You ever (be)……………………………………………to India?-Yes. I (be)………………………………………………there twice.

54. She asked me if I (can)…………………………………………………speak Chinese.

55. If he (want)……………………………………………to become a doctor, he must (study)…………………………………………hard.

56. You should practice (listen)…………………………………………………………………to the radio every day.

57. Please call me if the bell (ring)……………………………………………………

58. My father wishes he (take part)…………………………………………………………in the Chess Club.

59. English (speak)……………………………………………………in Viet Nam many years ago.

60. You should (do)………………………….a lot of grammar exercises if you want (learn)…………………………………………English well.

II. Use the correct tense:

1. 
   The teacher will be very angry if you …………………………… (not do) your homework.
   
2. 
   If he ……………………………….. (tell) me, I could help him.
   
3. 
   If you don’t water the flowers, they ………………………………………… (die).
   
4. 
   If you didn’t water the flowers, they …………………………………………(die).
   
5. 
   I ……………………………………….. (come) if I had time.
   
6. 
   If you don’t hurry, you ……………………………………….. (miss) the bus.
   
7. 
   If I …………………………… (be) you, I wouldn’t buy that car.
   
8. 
   He will play tennis if the weather …………………………………. (be) good.
   
9. 
   I would be very happy if she …………………………………. (be) my sister.
   
10. 
    She could win the race if she …………………………………. (try).
    
11. 
    If he ……………………….. (go) to bed early, he will get up early.
    
12. 
    If he touches this wire, he ……………………………….. (get) a shock.
    
13. 
    You will get wet if it …………………………… (rain).
    
14. 
    If I knew, I ………………………………… (come) earlier.
    
15. 
    I wouldn’t say it if I ……………………….. (be) you.
    
16. 
    What will you do if you ………………………………… (get) a bad mark?
    
17. 
    If she ………………………….. (wear) a necklace, her dress will look better.
    
18. 
    If you go near the dog, it ………………………………. (bite) you.
    
19. 
    Bodrum ……………………… (be) ideal for a holiday if it weren’t so crowded.
    
20. 
    He will be ill if he ……………………….. (eat) so much.
    
21. 
    If she ……………………………. (read) the book carefully, she will understand it.
    
22. 
    The children can stay up late if they ……………………….. (be) good.
    
23. 
    If the dinner isn’t ready, I ……………………………….. (go) out.
    
24. 
    We would die if the plane ……………………………….. (crash).
    

-on+ day/date (on Tuesday, on January 23)

- at + a point of time / night/ noon/ ( at 7 am )

- in+ month/ year/ season/ part of the day ( in May, In the winter, in the morning )

FORM: S + V + (C), so S + V + (C)

Ex: She studied hard, so she passed the exam

EXERCISE:

I. Give the correct prepositions:

1. I shall meet you………….the corner …………..……..the street.

2. 
   I always come ……………..…..school ……………….…foot
   
3. 
   It never snows here…………………..……..Christmas.
   
4. 
   The country looks beautiful………………….……spring.
   
5. 
   I can see you……………….……Monday.
   
6. 
   I live…………….…… the country, but she lives……………..…..the seaside.
   
7. 
   Have you any money……….….……..you?
   
8. 
   I don’t like get up ………………..the morning.
   
9. 
   He had learned the whole poem………………..heart.
   
10. 
    He always comes ………….………bus.
    
11. 
    This book is……………..……Dickens.
    
12. 
    Is Miss Smith…………….…..home?
    
13. 
    I have breakfast …………….…….7.30 every morning.
    
14. 
    Can you translate that………………………German?
    
15. 
    My birthday is ………………..….May 5^th.
    
16. 
    My birthday is ……………………..the 5^th.
    
17. 
    They come ……………………..the room.
    
18. 
    I like swimming ……………..……the summer
    
19. 
    We get a lot of rain………………..……..November.
    
20. 
    He never comes ……………….……time for the class.
    
21. 
    I’m very busy………………….…….present.
    
22. 
    I have no time ………………….……..the moment.
    
23. 
    He was standing…………………..the middle of the room.
    
24. 
    Please write your name ……….……..the top ………….…..the book.
    
25. 
    There is vocabulary………….…the end …………….the book.
    
26. 
    I shall see her ……………….…the beginning……………..…the week.
    
27. 
    What would that be …………………….German?
    
28. 
    ……………………my opinion, it is very good book.
    
29. 
    She is ………………………the garden.
    
30. 
    We are going………………..…the theatre this evening.
    
31. 
    The train arrives……………………….Victoria station…………….…4.30.
    
32. 
    Please tell me ………………..…..once.
    
33. 
    I waited for half an hour, and ………………….last she came.
    
34. 
    The book is ……………..…..the table.
    
35. 
    He is sitting…………………an armchair
    
36. 
    The picture is……………..…..the wall.
    
37. 
    I put my hands …………….…….my pockets.
    
38. 
    She is drinking………………..…..a cup
    
39. 
    She took ten shillings …………….……..her bag.
    
40. 
    For the last few days I haven’t been able to sleep……………....night.