Sanskrit Beyond Text: The Use of Bonji (Siddham) in Mandala
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Figure 1. Mahapratisara Dharani. 7th–9th century. China, Tang dynasty. Ink and color on silk. H 26.5 cm. W 26.5 cm. From Michelle Wang, unpublished dissertation (Harvard University, 2008). Figure 2. Armband. 7th–9th century. China, Tang dynasty. Gilt bronze. H 4.5 cm. W 2.4 cm. D 7.9 cm. From Michelle Wang, unpublished dissertation (Harvard University, 2008). www.manaraa.com 95 Figure 3. Mahapratisara Bodhisattva with Text of Da sui qiu tuoluoni. Dated 980. China. Ink on paper. H 30.3 cm. L 41.7 cm. British Museum, The Printed Image in China from the 8 th to the 21 st Centuries. www.manaraa.com 96 Figure 4. Two pieces from Sanskrit Version of the Heart Sutra and Vijaya Dharani. 7th–8th century. India, late Gupta period. Ink on pattra (palmyra leaves), ink on paper. Heart Sutra: H 4.9 cm. L 28 cm. Dharani H 10 cm. L 28.3 cm. Tokyo National Museum. Important Cultural Property. Originally owned by Hōryū-ji. From Tokyo National Museum’s emuseum website: http://www.emuseum.jp/. www.manaraa.com 97 Figure 5. Modern practitioner during aji kan. From Mt. Kōya’s English-language website: Figure 6. Ajigi (The Significance of the Letter A): sheet 8 (detail) and sheet 9 (detail, first section). 12th century. Ink, silver, and gold flakes on paper. Entire work: H 26 cm, L 690.3 cm. Fujita Museum of Art (Fujita Bijutsukan), Osaka. Important Cultural Property. From Ajigi; Kegon goj gosho emaki; Hokekyō emaki. www.manaraa.com 98 Figure 7. Seed-syllable Mandala of the Two Worlds: Womb World Mandala. 14th century. Colors on silk. H 110.8. W 96.2 cm. Entsu-ji, Kōyasan, Wakayama. From Sacred Treasures of Mount Koya: The Art of Japanese Shingon Buddhism. www.manaraa.com 99 Figure 8. Seed-syllable Mandala of the Two Worlds: Diamond Mandala. 14th century. Colors on silk. H 110.8. W 96.1 cm. Entsu-ji, Kōyasan. From Sacred Treasures of Mount Koya: The Art of Japanese Shingon Buddhism. www.manaraa.com 100 Figure 9. Dai Mandala of the Two Worlds: Diamond World Mandara. Late 9th century. Color on silk. H 183. W 154 cm. Kyo-ogokoku-ji (Tōji), Kyoto. From Meiho Nihon no bijutsu, v.8. www.manaraa.com 101 Figure 10. Sanmaya Mandala of the Two Worlds: Womb World Mandala. 18th century. H 108. W 108.8 cm. Hoju-in, Kōyasan. From Sacred Treasures of Mount Koya: The Art of Japanese Shingon Buddhism. www.manaraa.com 102 Figure 11. Sculptural mandala (katsuma mandara) in the Lecture Hall of Tōji: view from West at the central sculptural group. Dated circa 839 CE. From Meiho Nihon no bijutsu 1980, v. 8. Figure 12. Tōji Sanskrit slips (bonji mandara; Sanskrit character mandala). Probably 9th century. Ink on paper. Lecture Hall, Toji, Kyoto. From Nihon chokokushi kiso shiryo shusei: Heian jidai: zozo meiki hen, vol. 1. www.manaraa.com 103 Figure 13. Womb World Seed-syllable Mandala (Taizōkai shūji mandara). Dated 1052 CE, buried 1113 CE (Okuno-in, Koyasan, Wakayama, Kinki, Japan). Ink on silk. H 51.6 cm. W 47.3 cm. Kongōbu-ji, Kōyasan. From Hieizan, Kōyasan meihōten: Hieizan sekai bunka isan toroku. www.manaraa.com 104 Figure 14. Diamond World Seed-syllable Mandala (Kongōkai shūji mandara). Dated 1052 CE, buried 1113 CE (Okuno-in, Koyasan, Wakayama, Kinki, Japan). Ink on silk. H 51.6 cm. W 47.3 cm. Kongōbu-ji, Kōyasan. From Hieizan, Kōyasan meihōten: Hieizan sekai bunka isan toroku. www.manaraa.com 105 Figure 15. Embroidered Seed-syllable Dual World Mandala (Shūji ryokai mandara). Dated circa 1300 CE. Silk floss and human hair. H 114.4. W 44.8 cm. Taisan-ji, Kobe. From Nihon no tải về 3.51 Mb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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