Tài liệu Ôn tập Văn phạm Tiếng Anh HỘI ĐỒng bộ MÔn tiếng anh thpt


C. so D. very 17. “The new mathematics teacher seems very pleasant” “Yes, he’s ...... person” A. a such nice B. a so nice C. such nice D



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C. so D. very

17. “The new mathematics teacher seems very pleasant”

“Yes, he’s ...... person”

A. a such nice B. a so nice C. such nice D. such a nice

18. – “I find the local newspapers to be ...... uninformative”

– “Yes, there is hardly any international news”



A. so B. such C. so much D. such much

19. “Do you know why Eric failed her test?

“I don’t know. She spent ...... time studying.”

A. so B. such C. so much D. such much

20. I have ......, but I don’t have time.

A. a vacation for a enough money B. money enough for vacation



C. enough money for vacation D. enough money for vacation

Exercise 8 - Choose the best answer:

1. The car is too expensive for him to buy.

A. He is not rich enough to buy a car. B. He is not rich enough to buy the car.

C. He is not rich enough to buy car. D. He is poor enough to buy the car.

2. The story is short enough for her to read.

A. It is such a short story that she can read it.

B. It is such a short story that she can read.

C. The story is too short for her to read.

D. It is such a short story for her to read.

3. Your brother is too young to see the horror film.

A. Your brother is so young for him to see the horror film.

B. Your brother is very young that he can’t see the horror film.

C. Your borther is not old enough to see the horror film.

D. Your brother is old enough for him to see the horror film.

4. The dress is not big enough for her to wear.

A. The dress is too small for her to wear.

B. The dress is so small that she can’t wear it.

C. It is such a small dress that she can’t wear it.



D. All are correct

5. Daisy isn’t old enough to get married.

A. Daisy isn’t as old as she get married. B. Daisy isn’t too young for her to get married.

C. Daisy is too young to get married. D. Daisy is so young for her to get married

6. The shirt isn’t large enough for him to wear.

A.The shirt is so small that he can’t wear. B.The shirt is so small for him to wear.

C.It is such a small shirt for him to wear. D.The shirt is too small for him to wear.

7. The coffee was too hot for me to drink.

A. The coffee is so hot that I can’t drink it.

B. The coffee is so hot that I can’t drink.

C. The coffee was so hot that I couldn’t drink.



D. The coffee was so hot that I couldn’t drink it

8. The room was so full that we could not get in it.

A. The room was too full to get in.

B. The room was too full for us to get in.

C. The room was too full that we could not stay there.

D. The room was such dirty that we could not stay there.

9. The exercises are so difficult that we cannot do it.

A. The exercises are difficult enough for us to do.

B. The exercises are difficult enough to do.



C. The exercises are not easy enough for us to do.

D. The exercises are not easy enough to do.

10. Nobody could move the piano. It was too heavy.

A. The piano was so heavy that nobody couldn’t move it

B. The piano was enough heavy to move

C. It was such a heavy piano that nobody could move it

D. It was such heavy piano that nobody could move it


-------------------------------------------
CLAUSES & PHRASES OF REASON & CONTRAST

(MỆNH ĐỀ VÀ CỤM TỪ CHỈ LÝ DO VÀ TƯƠNG PHẢN)


* Clause and phrase of Contrast

+ (AL)THOUGH + CLAUSE OF CONCESSION

+ DESPITE / IN SPITE OF + N / V-ing ( PHRASE OF CONCESSION)

+ DESPITE / IN SPITE OF THE FACT THAT + CLAUSE OF CONCESSION

+ Clauses of Contrast may begin with NO MATTER WHAT/ WHO/ WHEN/ HOW (ADJ/ ADV) or WHATEVER/ WHENEVER/ WHEREVER/ WHOEVER/ HOWEVER (ADJ/ ADV)

* Clause and phrase of Reason



+ BECAUSE / SINCE / AS + CLAUSE OF REASON

+ BECAUSE OF + N / V-ing ( PHRASE OF REASON)

+ BECAUSE OF / DUE TO THE FACT THAT + CLAUSE OF REASON

Exercise 1 – Fill in each sentence with a suitbale word from the list : HOWEVER, SPITE, DESPITE, BECAUSE, (AL)THOUGH

1. ...... it was cold, I went swimming.

2. It was late; ......, he decided to go home.

3. ...... her low grades, she was admitted to the university.

4. In ...... of the fact that the work was hard, they enjoyed themselves.

5. ...... he was sleepy, he went to bed.

6. ...... of the cold weather, we stayed home.

Exercise 2 – Change clauses to phrases with BECAUSE OF / DESPITE / IN SPITE OF / DUE TO.

1. The plane took off though the weather was bad.

- The plane took off in spite of the bad weather.

2. He studied well though his life was hard at that time.

- He studied well despite his hard life at that time.

3. Although it rained heavily, I went to school on time.

- In spite of the heavy rain, I went to school on time.

4. He didn’t stop his car though the traffic light turned red.

- He didn’t stop his car despite the red traffic light.

5. Although Jane was sad, she managed to smile.

- In spite of her sadness, Jane managed to smile.

6. The car crashed because the driver was careless.

- The car crashed because of the careless driver.

7. He walked slowly because his leg was badly hurt.

- He walked slowly because of his badly hurt leg.

8. We didn’t go out because it rained heavily.

- We didn’t go out because of the heavy rain.

9. She went to bed early because she felt tired.

- She went to bed early because of being tired.

10. I can’t sleep because the weather is hot.

- I can’t sleep due to the fact that the weather is hot.
Exercise 3 – Choose the best answer among A, B, C, and D.

1. …… my father is old, he still goes jogging.



A. Although B. Since C. Despite D. In spite of

2. …… the rain, we postpone our picnic.

A. Because B. Because of C. Though D. In spite of

3. …… it was raining heavily, he went out without a raincoat.

A. In spite B. In spite of C. However D. Although

4. …… the wet weather, the football match went ahead.



A. In spite of B. Although C. Though D. However

5. We’ll never give in …… they may do or say.

A. although that B. no matter how C. despite D. whatever

6. Although she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car.

A. Rich like she is, she can’t afford to buy the car.

B. Rich as she is, she can’t afford to buy the car.

C. As rich she is, she can’t afford to buy the car.

D. As she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car.

7. Although he took a taxi, Tom still arrived late for the concert.

A. Tom arrived late for the concert because he took a taxi.

B. Tom arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.



C. In spite of taking a taxi, Tom arrived late for the concert.

D. Although Tom took a taxi, he can’t come to the concert in time.

8. …… I meet her, she always wears a blue dress.

A. Whatever B. However C. Whoever D. Whenever

9. …… comes, don’t open the door.

A. No matter what B. No matter who C. No matter how D. No matter whom

10. We cannot see the road …… the fog.

A. because B. although C. because of D. in spite of

11. These boys were punished …… they went to school late.

A. because B. because of C. even though D. in spite of

12. We couldn’t sleep last night …… the noise next door.

A. although B. since C. because D. because of

13. I did it …… they asked me to.

A. so B. because C. because of D. the reason

14. Daisy was late …… her car was broken down.



A. because B. because of C. if D. whether

15. …… he can’t afford a car, he goes to work by bicycle.

A. Because B. As C. Since D. All are correct

16. They were sacked …… their carelessness.

A. because B. because of C. although D. despite

17. The boys were punished …… coming to class late.

A. because B. because of C. so D. although

18. The mother got angry because ……

A. her son’s bad behaviour B. her son will behave badly

C. her son behaved badly D. her son bad behaving

19. He lost his job …… his laziness.

A. because B. because of C. if D. although

20. We couldn’t go out because the weather was so bad.

A. The weather was so bad but we went out.

B. If the weather were fine, we could go out.

C. Whatever weather he had, we couldn’t go out.

D. We couldn’t go out because of the bad weather.
ARTICLES

(MẠO TỪ)
1. A/ AN : Mạo từ không xác định (A/ AN) được dùng với danh từ số ít đếm được trong các trường hợp sau :

a. Danh từ chưa xác định và có nghĩa chung chung.

Ex : - My mother works in a hospital.

- A baby deer can stand as soon as it is born.

b. Danh từ số ít đếm được với nghĩa “một”.

Ex : - She has got a daughter and a son.

- I bought a dictionary and a book yesterday.

c. Danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp.

Ex : - My sister is an engineer.

- He is a police officer.

d. Trong các cụm từ chỉ số lượng, đo lường : a pair of, a couple of, a dozen of, a kilo of, a litre of, a packet of, a bottle of, a piece of, a bunch of, a few, a little, ...

Ex : - It’s a couple of kilometres to the nearest village.

- Could you get me half a dozen of eggs when you go to the shop ?

e. Trong cấu trúc câu cảm thán với What :

Ex : - What a pity !

- What an idea !

- What a nice smile she has got !

2. Danh từ xác định THE được dùng với danh từ số ít hoặc số nhiều, đếm được hay không đếm được trong các trường hợp sau :

a. Danh từ xác định.

Ex : - She gave me a letter and a postcard. The letter is from my sister, and the postcard is from my brother.

b. Danh từ chỉ sự vật duy nhất.

Ex : - The moon moves in the sky around the earth once every 28 days.

- The sun rises in the East.

c. Danh từ chỉ các nhạc cụ.

Ex : - Thomas is good at playing the guitar.

- I can’t play the piano, but I can play the saxophone.

d. Danh từ riêng chỉ tên đại dương, sông núi, rừng, sa mạc, hồ, thác, kênh, ...

Ex : - The Panama Canal provides a crucial shipping link between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

e. Danhn từ chỉ phương hướng.

Ex : - Most of the country, except the east, is rural.

- Her home is the south of France.

f. Danh từ chỉ người hoặc nhóm người (khi kết hợp với tên chủ gia đình ở hình thức số nhiều hoặc tính từ).

Ex : - The Smiths are going to visit us this weekend.

- The rich should help the poor and the disabled.

g. Danh từ chỉ tên một số quốc gia (thường là các liên bang, hoặc các quốc gia là quần đảo) : the USA, the UK, the Philippines, the Netherlands, ...

Ex : - Have you ever taken a trip to the United States ?

- The Philippines officially known as the Republic of the Philippines is located in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital.

- The Netherlands is famous for tulips.

h. Danh từ chỉ tên tàu thủy, khách sạn, rạp chiếu phim, ...

Ex : - Many business people stay in the Rex Hotel.

- The Queen Mary carries lots of travellers from Europe.

i. Trong hình thức so sánh nhất hoặc trước tình từ chỉ số thứ tự.

Ex : - This is the most luxurious hotel I’ve stayed in.

- He is the most generous person in the group.

j. Trong cấu trúc so sánh kép.

Ex : - The more you speak, the less you hear.

- The older we get, the happier we are.

3. Các trường hợp không dùng mạo từ.

a. Trước các danh từ được dùng với nghĩa chung chung.

Ex : - Carrots are my favourite vegetable.

- She loves music, poetry and art.

- Why does man seem to have more diseases than animals ?

b. Trước chức vụ, tước danh.

Ex : - Bill Clinton was elected President of the US for the second time.

c. Trước các danh từ chỉ các trò chơi, môn thể thao, phương tiện.

Ex : - Daisy always plays badminton in the morning.

- High schoolboys like playing football.

- They got there by train.

- He often goes to school on foot.

d. Trước các danh từ chỉ các bữa ăn, tên ngôn ngữ.

Ex : - I don’t know French, but I can speak a little English.

- Have you had breakfast yet ?

- Should we stop for dinner ?

e. Trước các danh từ riêng, ten người, tên đường phố, tên thành phố, tên quốc gia, tên lục địa.

Ex : - Brazil is a country with many kinds of festivals.

- Have you ever been to Singapore ?

- We’d like to take a trip to Africa this holiday.

- The supermarket is on Main Street.

f. Trong các cụm giới từ : to/ at/ from school/ work/ college/ university, in/ to class, to/ in/ from church/ town, to/ in/ into/ out of prisn/ hospital/ bed, at/ from home, at sea, in bed.

Ex : - We go to school early in the morning.

- My brother went to college at the age of seventeen.



EXPRESSIONS OF QUATITY

( CỤM TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG)
1.N (unc.)

MOST +

N (count, plu)

* Sau MOST laø ñaïi töø soá nhieàu hoaëc laø danh töø xaùc ñònh thì sau MOST phaûi coù OF.

2. A GREAT DEAL OF (= MUCH) + N (unc.)

A LARGE NUMBER OF (= MANY) + N (count, plu)

* MUCH & MANY ñöôïc duøng trong caâu phuû ñònh vaø nghi vaán.

* MANY, MUCH ñöùng sau TOO, SO, VERY, AS thì ñöôïc duøng trong ba loaïi caâu (khaúng ñònh, phuû ñònh, nghi vaán.)

* A LOT OF, LOTS OF coù theå thay MUCH vaø MANY ôû caû ba loaïi caâu.

A GREAT AMOUNT OF + N (unc.)

* caû ba loaïi caâu

 A GREAT MANY + N (count, plu)

* Khi duøng laøm traïng töø, ta coù MUCH, A LOT, A GREAT DEAL



3. LITTLE / A LITTLE + N (unc.)

FEW / AFEW + N (count, plu)

* Duøng giôùi töø OF sau MUCH, MANY, (A) LITTLE, (A) FEW khi ñöùng sau chuùng laø ñaïi töø hoaëc danh töø ñaõ ñöôïc xaùc ñònh.

* LITTLE vaø A FEW gaàn nhö mang nghóa phuû ñònh neân khoâng ñöôïc duøng trong caâu phuû ñònh (quaù ít gaàn nhö khoâng coù)

* A LITTLE vaø A FEW coù nghóa gaàn nhö SOME.

* Khi duøng laøm traïng töø, ta coù LITTLE, VERY LITTLE vaø A LITTLE.

Exercise 1 – Choose the best article to complete each of the following sentences where necessary.

1. We went by ...... train to the west of England.

2. ...... people who live in ...... Scotland are called ......

3. ...... Columbus was one of ...... first people to cross ...... Atlantic.

4. David learned to play ...... violin when he was at ...... university.

5. Did you read ...... book I lent you ...... last week ?

6. Is that ...... present Bill gave you for ...... Christmas ?

7. ...... computer has already changed ...... our lives dramatically.

8. There was ...... accident yesterday at ...... corner of ...... street.

9. I need ...... time to think about ...... offer you gave me.

10. ...... little knowledge is ...... dangerous thing.

11. She was ...... first woman to cross ...... Atlantic in ...... canoe.

12. Go down ...... High Street and turn right into ...... Mill Road.

13. Please let me carry ...... shopping. It’s ...... least I can do.

14. She earns $6 ...... hour as ...... supermarket cashier on ...... Sundays.

15. ...... Nile flows right through ...... city.

16. Have you got ...... latest record by ...... Back Street Boys ?

17. This is ...... last time I do you ...... favour for ...... while.

18. There is ...... very difficult crossword in “...... Times”.

19. My sister has ...... sore throat and is taking ...... medicine.

20. We’ll go for ...... walk if ...... sun comes out.

21. It is …… exciting match. It is …… most exciting match that I have ever seen.

22. One of my …… favourite is to watch advertisements on TV.

23. Nguyen Du was one of …… greatest Vietnamese poets.

24. …… apple …… day keeps the doctor away.

25. In 1889, …… gold was discovered in …… California.

26. He is …… teacher. He usually goes to …… school at 7 o’clock.

27. They live in …… old house in …… middle of the village.

28. This building will have been finished by …… end of this year.

29. In 1955, …… Hawaii was admitted to …… US as the 50th state.

30. They usually have …… lunch at …… school canteen.

ANSWERS

1. x 2. x – x – x 3. x – the – the 4. the – x 5. the – x

6. the – x 7. The – x 8. an – the – the 9. x – the 10. A – a

11. the – the – a 12. the – x 13. the – the 14. an – a – x 15. The – the

16. the – the 17. the – a – a 18. a – The 19. a – x 20. a – the

21. an – the 22. x 23. the 24. an – a 25. x – x 26. a – x

27. an – the 28. the 29. x – the 30. x – the
Exercise 2 – Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences

1. You have made …… mistakes in your writing.

A. so much B. a lot of C. little of D. much of

2. Don’t drink …… wine. It’s bad for your health.

A. many of B. a few of C. so much D. many

3. …… my students are familiar with this kind of school activities.

A. Most B. Most of C. A few D. Few

4. He had spent …… writing an essay about his childhood.

A. a large number of time B. a great deal of time

C. a few time D. many time

5. Peter has spent …… time and money on stamp collecting.

A. a few of B. many of C. a large number of D. a great deal of

6. ...... the teachers at my school care about their students’ progress.

A. Almost all of B. Almost C. Most of D. A and C are correct

7. I have got ……

A. a few money C. many of money D. no money B. a small number of money

8. The government is …… worried about the increase of the youth unemployment rates.

A. very B. much D. no C. a great deal of

9. I’ve been to Ho Chi Minh City …… of times.

A. a lot B. much C. many D. little

10. …… students don’t like wearing uniforms.

A. Little B. Much C. Most D. A little of

11. He has just bought a computer but he knows …… about it.



A. little B. much C. most D. a lot

12. There were too …… people at the exhibition yesterday.

A. much B. little C. many D. a few of

13. I can speak English well but I don’t know …… about English literature.

A. little B. much C. many D. a few

14. If you eat ...... calories than your body burns, your body will burn stored fat for energy.

A. few B. little C. less D. fewer

15. You can borrow ...... books as you want.



A. as many B. as much C. so much D. too many

-------------------------------


PREPOSITIONS (GIỚI TỪ)
1. ĐỊNH NGHĨA : Giới từ là từ đứng trước một danh từ hay một cụm từ tương đương danh từ để chỉ mối liên hệ giữa danh từ hay cụm từ tương đương này với các từ khác trong câu.

Ex ; - I put the book on the table.

- Your keys are in the drawer.

2. PHÂN LOẠI :

a. Giới từ chỉ thời gian : at, in, on, before, after, during, from, to, till, until, by, ...

Ex : - The party lasts until midnight.

- We often met twice a week after class.

b. Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn : at, in, on, in front of, behind, near, over, under, beside, above, between, next to, across from, ...

Ex : - My family often had a small talk in front of the fire.

- The museum is across from the amusement park.

c. Giới từ chỉ sự chuyển động : to, from, across, along, about into, about, through, out of, round, toward(s), ...

Ex : - You have to walk through the park before you catch a taxi.

- Walk toward the east, then you’ll see a diner on your right.

d. Giới từ chỉ thể cách : with, without, according to, in spite of, in stead of, ...

Ex : - In spite of his health, he refused t be helped.

- According to the result, Anna failed the chemistry test.

e. Giới từ chỉ mục đích : to, in order to, so as to, for, ...

Ex : - We went to the meeting early as so to meet professor Williams.

- They have been working hard for the profit of their company.

f. Giới từ chỉ nguyên nhân : thanks to, through, because of, owing to, by means of, ...

Ex : - Many serious diseases can be cured thanks to the advance in science and technology.

- The company lost the order through production delays.

3. Một số cấu trúc thường gặp của giới từ.

a. Verb + Preposition.



- agree with

đồng ý

- put on

mặc (quần áo) vào

- aim at

nhắm đến

- put out

dập tắt

- arrive at/ in

đến, tới

- receive from

nhận của ai

- ask for

hỏi xin

- rely on

tin cậy

- believe in

tin tưởng vào

- save up

để dành, dành dụm

- belong to

thuộc về

- share with

chia sẻ

- bring up

nuôi dạy

- talk over

thảo luận

- care about

quan tâm đến

- take off

cởi ra, cất cánh

- care for

chăm sóc

- think about/ of

suy nghĩ về

- complain to

than phiền với ai

- try on

mặc, ướm thử

- complain about

than phiền về

- throw away

ném, vứt đi

- count on

hy vọng, tin tưởng

- turn on/ off

mở/ tắt (TV, đèn, ...)

- decide on

quyết định

- wait for

chờ đợi

- depend on

lệ thuộc vào

- worry about

lo lắng về

- give up

từ bỏ

- catch up with

theo kịp, đuổi kịp

- go on

tiếp tục, làm tiếp

- come along with

làm/ đi cùng

- grow up

trưởng thành

- check in/ out

nhận/ trả phòng

- hang up

treo lên

- get along with

hòa thuận với

- happen to

xảy đến với

- get in touch with

liên lạc

- hear from

nghe tin về

- get into/ out of

lên/ xuống xe in

- help with

giúp đỡ điều gì

- get on/ off

lên/ xuống tàu

- listen to

lắng nghe

- look out for

xem xét cẩn thận

- live on

sống nhờ vào

- look forward to

mong đợi

- look for

tìm kiếm

- keep up with

đuổi kịp

- look at

nhìn, ngắm

- keep along with

giữ quan hệ với

- look after

chăm sóc

- pay attention to

chú ý, quan tâm tới

- meet off

tiễn đưa

- put up with

chịu đựng

- object to

phản đối

- take part in

tham gia

- pay for

thanh toán

- take care of

chăm sóc

- pick up

đón (ai), nhặt, hái

- get married to

kết hôn với

b. BE + V-ed/3 + PREPOSITION

- be addicted to : ghiền, nghiện

- be amazed at / by : kinh ngạc

- be annoyed with : phiền, bực bội

- be known for : nổi tiếng về

- be bored with : chán nản về

- be confused with : lẫn lộn với

- be excited about : háo hức, phấn khởi

- be frightened with : sợ, kinh hãi

- be interested in : quan tâm

- be made of/ from : được làm bằng

- be opposed to : chống đối

- be tired of : chán ngấy

- be pleased with : hài lòng với

- be satisfied with : thỏa mãn với

- be surprised by : ngạc nhiên về

- be worried about : lo lắng về



c. BE + ADJECTIVE + PREPOSITION

- be absent from : vắng mặt

- be accustomed to : quen với

- be afraid of : sợ

- be angry about sth : giận về điều gì

- be angry at/ with sb : giận ai

- be aware of : nhận thức

- be bad at : dở, yếu về

- be busy of/ with : bận rộn việc gì

- be certain of : tin chắc

- be different from : khác với

- be eager for : hăm hở, háo hức

- be fed up with : chán nản

- be fond of : ưa thích

- be full of : đầy

- be good at : giỏi, có khiếu về

- be good for : tốt cho

- be happy with/ in : hài lòng

- be harmful to : có hại cho

- be keen on : ham thích, say mê

- be nervous about : hồi hộp

- be responsible for : chịu trách nhiệm

- be sad about : buồn về

- be similar to : giống, tương tự

- be sorry about/ for : hối hận/ có lỗi về

- be sure about/ of : tin chắc vào

d. Một số cấu trúc với BE và HAVE

- be in charge of : phụ trách về - be in love with : yêu

- be in favor of : ủng hộ - be out of date : lạc hậu

- be out of order : hỏng - have ability in : có năng lực

- have confidence in : có lòng tin vào - have faith in : tin tưởng vào

- have influence on/ over : có ảnh hưởng

4. Một số dạng khác của giới từ.

Giới từ có thể dùng trong các cách nói sau : at once, at first, at this/ that time, at all, according to, similar to, by the way, in any case, in fact, in addition to, in my opinion, except for, on the contrary, up to now, in the end, in the beginning, ...

Ex : - In my opinion, TV has many negative effects.

- Paul is very similar in appearance to his brother.

CÁC GIỚI TỪ THƯỜNG DÙNG

* PREPOSITIONS OF TIME :

1. AT/ IN/ ON :

a. AT + a point of time (hour/ an occasion of festival/ ...)

b. ON + weekdays/ days in the month

c. IN + month/ season/ year, a duration of time on a day, ...

NOTES :

- IN THE END : cuối cùng



- AT THE END : vào cuối (= AT THE BEGINNING)

- IN TIME : kịp lúc (+ TO INFINITIVE / FOR + NOUN)

- ON TIME : đúng giờ

2. DURING/ UNTIL/ AFTER/ BEFORE/ FROM/ BETWEEN

* PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

1. IN : ở trong

Some expressions with IN :

+ in a line/ row : trong một hàng/ dãy

+ in a picture/ photograph : trong tranh/ ảnh

+ in a book/ newspaper/ magazine/ letter : trong sách/ báo/ tạp chí/ thư

+ in bed : đang nằm trên giường

+ in hospital/ prison : đang nằm viện/ ở tù

+ in the rain/ sun : trong mưa/ nắng

+ in the shade/ dark : trong bóng râm/ bóng tối

+ in good/ bad weather : khi thời tiết tốt/ xấu

+ in ink/ pen/ pencil : viết bằng bút mực/ bút máy/ bút chì

+ in cash : trả/ mua bằng tiền mặt

2. AT : ở tại

Some expressions with AT :

+ at the top/ bottom (of a page/ list/ ...) : ở trên cùng/ dưới cùng

+ at the end (of the street/ road/ ...) : ở cuối (của con đường)

+ at home/ work : ở nhà/ chỗ làm việc

+ at school/ college/ university : ở trường

3. ON : ở trên

Some expressions with ON :

+ on the floor/ ground : trên sàn nhà/ mặt đất

+ on the first/ second / third floor : trên tầng một/ hai/ ba (của một ngôi nhà)

+ on the grass/ beach/ sand : trên bãi cỏ/ bãi biển/ bãi cát

+ on the board/ map : trên bảng/ bản đồ

+ on page 25 : trên trang 25

+ on the left/ right : phía phải/ trái

+ on a farm : ở nông trại

+ on the street/ a river/ the coast : trên đường/ trên sông/ trên bờ biển

+ on a bus/ a train/ a plane/ a ship : trên xe buýt/ tàu hỏa/ máy bay/ tàu thủy

+ on a bicycle/ a motorbike/ a horse : trên xe đạp/ xe gắn máy/ trên lưng ngựa

Exercise 1 – Put in one of the following : AT, ON, IN, DURING, FOR, SINCE, BY, UNTIL.

1. Jack has gone away. He’ll back ...... a week.

2. We’re having a party ...... Saturday. Can you come ?

3. I’ve got an inetrview next week. It’s ...... 9.30 ...... Tuesday morning.

4. Sue isn’t usually here ...... weekends. Shoe goes away.

5. The train service is very good. The trains are nearly always ...... time.

6. It was a confusing situation. Many things were happening ...... the same time.

7. I couldn’t decide whether or not to buy the sweater. ...... the end I decided to leave it.

8. The road is budy all the time, even ...... night.

9. I met a lot of nice people ...... my stay in New York.

10. I saw Helen ...... Friday, but I haven’t seen her ...... then.

11. Brian has been doing the same job ...... five years.

12. Lisa’s birthday is ...... the end of March. I’m not sure exactly which day it is.

13. We have some friends staying with us ...... the moment. They’re staying ...... Firday.

14. If you’re interested in applying for the job, your application must be received ...... Friday.

15. I’m just going out. I won’t be long – I’ll be back ...... ten minutes.



1. in 2. on 3. at, on 4. at/ on

5. on 6. at 7. In 8. at

9. during 10. on, since 11. for 12. at

13. at, until 14. by 15. in

Exercise 2 – Fill in each gap with a proper preposition

1. Alice is afraid …… crossing the busy streets.

2. My sister was proud …… her good marks on English.

3. That singer has become very popular …… the youth.

4. This sweater will keep you safe …… the cold.

5. He feels confident …… passing the examination.

6. Be confident …… yourself if you want to succeed.

7. My parents are pleased …… my result.

8. Are you amazed …… seeing that scene ?

9. His words are contrary …… his acts.

10. Hue is famous …… its historical vestiges.

11. My mother is always busy …… her housework.

12. He was absent …… work yesterday because he was ill.

13. His job seems similar …… yours, isn’t it ?

14. Are you excited …… going on holiday next week ?

15. Please wait here. I’ll have some tickets available …… you.

16. It’s very kind …… you to help them.

17. Thank you. You are very kind …… me.

18. The teacher is angry …… your laziness.

19. I’m angry …… you …… not obeying me.

20. They were happy …… the result of the election.

1. of 2. of 3. with 4. from

5. of 6. of 7. with 8. by

9. to 10. for 11. with 12. from

13. to 14. about 15. for 16. of

17. to 18. at 19. with, about 20. with

Exercise 3 – Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate preposition if necessary.

1. You’re always asking me ...... money. Ask somebody else for a change.

2. I’ve applied ...... a job at the factory. I don’t know if I’ll get it.

3. If I want a job at the factory, who do I apply ......?

4. I’ve searched everywhere ...... John but I haven’t been able to find him.

5. I don’t want to talk ...... what happened last night. Let’s forget it.

6. I don’t want to discuss ... what happened last night. Let’s forget it.

7. We had an interesting discussion ...... the problem but we didn’t reach a decision.

8. Keith and Sonia are touring Europe. They’re in Rome at the moment, but tomorrow they leave ...... Venice.

9. The roof of the house is in very bad condition. I think we ought to do something ...... it.

10. We waited ...... him for half an hour but he never came.

Exercise 4 – Choose the best option.

1. He will come ...... Monday ...... the afternoon.

A. in/on B. on/in C. at/in D. up/to

2. We have stayed there ...... 2000.



A. since B. for C. with D. under

3. Will he be there ...... one month?

A. out B. with C. for D. near

4. What does he often do ...... his free time?



A. in B. up C. with D. upto

5. I am sad ...... my daughter’s laziness.

A. from B. at C. for D. about

6. The children are free ...... Sundays.



A. on B. up C. with D. under

7. Việt is not interested ...... listening to music.

A. with B. under C. in D. up

8. Her profession is similar ...... his.

A. in B. up C. with D. to

9. Ms. Trang is fond ...... candy.

A. under B. off C. of D. in

10. Were you absent ...... the lecture yesterday?

A. in B. with C. up D. from

11. We must hurry if we do not want to be late ...... school.

A. from B. for C. to D. out

12. Will the raincoat keep you safe ...... the cold?

A. to B. up C. with D. from

13. ...... last you have to make a conclusion.

A. in B. up C. from D. at

14. Have you left your bicycle leaning ...... the tree?

A. in B. up C. to D. under

15. Do you have to live ...... Hanoi in autumn every year?



A. in B. up C. with D. under

16. They have lived in this city ...... twenty years of their life.



A. at B. during C. since D. for

17. I am walking ...... the river bank.

A. within B. without C. along D. in

18. For the last few days I haven’t been able to sleep ...... night.

A. for B. to C. of D. at

19. Are you acquainted ...... the lady?

A. at B. in C. on D. with

20. We will leave ...... Russia.



A. for B. to C. of D. at

21. It never snows here ...... Christmas.

A. for B. to C. of D. at

22. He always comes here ...... bicycle.

A. in B. by C. over D. with

23. - A: “Can you lend me your notebook ...... Friday?”

- B. “ Sorry, I can’t. I’ll have to finish my report ...... the end of the week”

A. on/at B. on/in C. in/at D. in/in

24. We’ll have to hurry if we want to be ...... time for the show.

A. on B.in C. at D. for

25. Why are you so rude ...... your sisters ? Can’t you be nice ...... them ?

A. with/with B. at/ to C. to/to D. on/ with

Exercise 5 – Complete the sentences below, using the words from the list : FILL IN, GIVE UP, TAKE OFF, WASH UP, GO ON, LOOK UP, PUT ON, TURN ON, TURN OFF, TURN UP, LOOK AFTER, TAKE AFTER, GET OVER, GO OFF, TRY OUT, HOLD UP . Make any other necessary changes.

1. John got ill and had to ...... smoking.

2. Please ...... this form and post it.

3. It’s dark in here. Can I ...... the lights ?

4. Remember to ...... your shoes when you are in a Japanese house.

5. Let me help you ......

6. You can ...... the new words in the dictionary.

7. ...... the lights when you are not using them.

8. He is too tired to ...... working.

9. ...... your coat, it’s cold outside.

10. The trouble with Frank is that he never ... on time for a meeting.

11. John, could you ...... my handbag while I go to the toilet ?

12. What a lovely baby ! He certainly ...... his father.

13. My father still hasn’t really ...... the death of my mother.

14. Because of an accident, my train was ...... for several hours.

15. I’ll be back in a minute, Jane. I just want to my new tape recorder.

16. The bomb ... with a loud which could be heard all over the town.

1. give up 2. fill in 3. turn on 4. take off 5. wash up 6. look up

7. Turn off 8. go on 9. Put on 10. turns up 11. look after 12. takes after

13. got over 14. held up 15. try out 16. went off

Exercise 6 – Complete the sentences below, using the right word from the list : IN, ON, UP, DOWN, BACK, UP, AWAY, IN, ROUND, OUT.

1. The door opened and I went ......

2. I usually get ...... at six o’clock in the morning.

3. I’m bored. Shall we go ...... this evening ?

4. I heard a noise behind me and turned ......, but there was nothing.

5. I can’t go ...... walking. Can we stop and have a short rest ?

6. Hurry ...... ! The bus is coming.

7. I’m not feeling well. I’m going to lie ...... for an hour.

8. “I need you. Don’t go ......”

9. “Please come in and sit ......”

10. John put ...... his best clothes for the interview.

1. in 2. up 3. out 4. round 5. on 6. up

7. down 8. away 9. down 10. on

Exercise 7 – Choose one of the following verbs (in the correct form) + the correct preposition to complete the sentences. Verbs : EXPLAIN, INVITE, LAUGH, LISTEN, POINT, GLANCE, SPEAK, THROW, STARE, WRITE.

1. I ...... my watch to see what time it was.

2. We’ve been ...... the party but unfortunately we can’t go.

3. Please ...... me ! I’ve got something important to tell you.

4. Don’t ...... stones ...... the birds. That’s prohibited.

5. The woman sitting opposite me on the train kept ...... me.

6. Sally and Kevin had a argument and now they’re not ...... one another.

7. I ...... Joanna last week but she hasn’t replied to my letter yet.

8. Be careful with those scissors ! Don’t ...... them ...... me !

9. I look stupid with this haircut. Everybody will ...... me.

10. I don’t understand what this means. Can you ...... it ...... me ?

Exercise 8 – Choose the best option for each of the following sentences.

1. What may happen if John will not arrive in time?

A. go along B. count on C. keep away D. turn up

2. Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside.



A. calls on B. keeps off C. takes in D. goes up

3. They decided to postpone their journey till the end of the month because of the epidemic.

A. take up B. turn round C. put off D. do with

4. I do not use those things any more. You can ...... them away.

A. get B. fall C. throw D. make

5. They were late for work because their car ...... down.

A. got B. put C. cut D. broke

6. At the station, we often see the sigh “...... for pickpockets”.

A. watch on B. watch out C. watch up D. watch at

7. I am late because my alarm clock didn’t ...... this morning.

A. come on B. ring out C. go off D. turn on

8. UNESCO ...... United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.



A. stands for B. brings about C. takes after D gets across

9. Don't forget to ...... your gloves on. It is cold outside.

A. let B. make C. put D. fix

10. The passengers had to wait because the plane ...... off one hour late.



A. took B. turned C. cut D. made

11. The bomb exploded in the garage; fortunately no one hurt.

A put on B. went off C got out D kept up

12. My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother.

A went over B. got over C. took over D looked over
13. I can’t ...... walking. Can we stop and have a short rest?

A. go on B. get on C. go up D. get up

14. When you are finished using the computer, can you please ....... it off.

A. take B. turn C. do D. go

15. If you want to be healthy, you should ...... your bad habits in your lifestyles



A. give up B. call off C. break down D. get over

Exercise 9 – Choose the best option

1. When the alarm went off, everyone proceeded calmly to the emergency exits.\

A. fell B. exploded C. called D. rang

2. Look out. There is a rattlesnake under the picnic table!

A. Listen B. Be careful C. Go D. Watch

3. Mrs. Jones's husband passed away fast Friday. We are all shocked by the news.

A. got married B. divorced C. died D. were on business

4. If you do not understand the word "superstitious," look it up in the dictionary.



A. find its meaning B. write it C. draw it D. note it

5. The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town.



A. went off B. turned up C. went out D. held up

6. I’ll be back in a minute, Jack. I just want to test my new tape recorder.

A. take after B. look after C. give up D. try out

7. Because of an accident, my train was delayed for several hours.

A. got over B. held up C. went off D. tried out

8. The trouble with Frank is that he never turns up on time for the meeting.

A. tests B. delays C. takes after D. arrives

9. John, could you take care of my handbag while I go to the toilet?

A. take after B. look after C. look up D. look for

10. What a lovely baby! He certainly resembles his father, doesn’t he?

A. takes care of B. looks after C. takes after D. looks up

INVERSION (ĐẢO NGỮ)

1. SO, TOO, EITHER, NEITHER

* Dùng SO, TOO (cũng vậy) , EITHER, NEITHER (cũng không) để nói lên sự giống nhau giữa hai người/ vật

1. Lan is fond of playing badminton, and Nam is too / so is Nam.

2. Lan does morning exercises every day, and Nam does too / so does Nam.

3. Nam has been interested in listening to music, and Lan has too / so has Lan.

4. Nam doesn’t like watching love story films, and Lan doesn’t either / neither does Lan.

* Khi dùng SO và NEITHER phải dùng hình thức đảo ngữ.



+ Khẳng định :

SO + trợ động từ + S = S + trợ động từ, TOO



+ Phủ định :

NEITHER + trợ động từ + S = S + trợ động từ + NOT, EITHER

2. ĐẢO NGỮ : Khi đặt các trạng từ phủ định hoặc bán phủ định ở đầu câu, chúng ta phải dùng hình thức đảo ngữ (giống trật tự câu hỏi YES – NO)

* (SEMI)NEGATIVE ADVERBS + YES – NO QUESTION FORM

 Negative adverbs : never, no longer, seldom, no sooner, hardly, only, rarely, not only, ...  to emphasize the action.



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