Non-action verbs are not used in the present continuous tense

Adverbs: now; at the moment; this time …

4.2.2 Going to

4.2.2.1 Positives:

S	BE	GOING TO	V	Others
I	am	going to	see	the doctor.
He / she / it	is	going to	keep	watch in the bridge.
We / you / they	are	going to	launch	a ship.

4.2.2.2 Negatives:

S	BE NOT	GOING TO	V	Others
I	am not	going to	see	the doctor.
He / she / it	is (isn’t)	going to	keep	watch in the bridge.
We / you / they	are (aren’t)	going to	launch	a ship.

4.2.2.3 Questions:

- Y / N

BE (NOT)	S	GOING TO	V	Others
Am (not)	I	going to	see	the doctor? (1)
Is (isn’t)	he / she / it	going to	keep	watch in the bridge? (2)
Are (aren’t)	we / you / they	going to	launch	a ship? (3)

Short answers: Yes, S + be / No, S + be not.

(1) Yes, you’re / No, you aren’t.

(2) Yes, he (she, it) is / No, he (she, it) isn’t.

(3) Yes, we (you, they) are / No, we (you, they) aren’t.

- WH

WH	BE (NOT)	S	GOING TO	V	Others
Who	am (not)	I	going to	see?
Where	is (isn’t)	he / she / it	going to	keep	watch?
What	are (aren’t)	we / you / they	going to	launch?

* Use: “Going to” talks about something that we have already decided to do.
4.2.3 Simple future tense

4.2.3.1 Positives:

S	Will	V	Others
I / We	shall / will	be	at the harbour.
He / she / it	will	have	some troubles.
You / they		go on board.

4.2.3.2 Negatives: Will not = won’t; Shall not = shan’t

S	WILL / SHALL NOT	V	Others
I / We	shan’t / won’t	be	at the harbour.
He / She / It	won’t	have	any troubles.
You / they		go on board.

4.2.3.3 Questions:

- Y / N

WILL / SHALL (NOT)	S	V	Others
Shall / Will (not)	I / we	be	at the harbour? (1)
Will / Won’t	he / she / it	have	any troubles? (2)
	you / they	go on board? (3)

Short answers: Yes, S + will / shall.

No, S + will not / shall not..

(1) Yes, I (we) shall (will) / No, I (we) shan’t (won’t).

(2) Yes, he (she / it) will / No, he (she / it) won’t.

(3) Yes, you (they) will / No, you (they) won’t.

- WH

WH	WILL (NOT)	S	V	Others
Where	shall / will (not)	I / we	be?
What	will / won’t	he / she / it	have?
Why		you / they	go on board?

* Uses of “-will”: - to make predictions or talk about the future in general.

- to decide to do st at the time of speaking.

- to predict the effects of a real or probable action or event.

+ To predict or state in general about the future.

Ex: He won’t be tired any more.

She will love another man after the party.

+ To decide something at the time of speaking.

Ex: I’ll give you a card.

She won’t return this night.

+ To predict the effects of a real or probable action or event.

Ex: You will run out of money if you buy a lot of things.

We won’t be alive if we can’t swim.
4.3 Vocabulary

4.3.1 The text

LIFE IN VOCATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOL Are you freaking out about going to vocational training school? Yes, vocational school is more difficult than secondary school or high school. In secondary school or high school, your parents and your teacher help you a lot. You just have to learn, mainly in the books and some social knowledge. Your timetables are always ready by your parents and teachers. In vocational school, you need to manage your time. No one force you to get up, to have meals or to learn, but you need to figure out how to best divide up your time. You need to study more, not only in classes, but also in workshops, where you have to practice many skills for your career. That means, studying and training skills are the major parts of your school life. There are many subjects in your learning program such as: foreign language, informatics, higher maths, etc. In class, taking notes is more difficult. In high school, your teacher will probably give you an outline of his or her lecture and tell you what points will be on the test. In vocational school, the professor often just talks. It's your responsibility to write everything down and know what is important. Your parents won't be able to help much. In vocational school, teachers cannot discuss your school work with your parents. The school considers you an adult, and sharing your personal information with other adults is limited. Your parents may be able to give you guidance about classes and your social life, and if you're lucky, they'll help you out financially. For the most part, though, you're on your own. You need to balance work and play. Your social life has to come second to your school work, and your parents and teachers won't be around to make sure what happens. Students are expected to act like adults in class. Though there are many differences between secondary school or high school and vocational school, we cannot deny that, school life is the most wonderful time in our life.

4.3.2 Pronunciation

4.3.2.1 Nouns

Adult [əˈdʌlt] người trưởng thành

Autumn / fall [ˈɔːtəm / fɔːl] mùa thu

Career [kəˈrɪə(r)] nghề nghiệp

Dry season [draɪ ˈsiːzn] mùa khô

Foreign Language [ˈfɒrən ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ] ngoại ngữ

Guidance [ˈɡaɪdns] sự hướng dẫn

High school [haɪ skuːl] trường TH phổ thông

Higher Math [ˈhaɪə(r) mmæθ] toán cao cấp

Informatics [ˌɪnfəˈætɪks] tin học

Meal [miːl] bữa ăn

Point [pɔɪnt] điểm

Rainy season [reɪni ˈsiːzn] mùa mưa

Responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti] trách nhiệm

Secondary school [ˈsekəndri skuːl] trường TH cơ sở

Skill [skɪl] kỹ năng

Social knowledge [ˈsəʊʃl ˈnɒlɪdʒ] kiến thức xã hội

Spring [sprɪŋ] mùa xuân

Subject [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] môn học

Summer [ˈsʌmə(r)] mùa hạ

Test [test] bài kiểm tra

Timetables [ˈtaɪmteɪblz] thời khoá biểu

Vocational training school [vəʊˈkeɪʃənl ˈtreɪnɪŋ skuːl] trường nghiệp vụ, trường nghề

Winter [ˈwɪntə(r)] mùa đông

Workshop [ˈwɜːkʃɒp] phân xưởng / buổi hội thảo

4.3.2.2 Verbs

Balance [ˈbæləns] cân bằng

Consider [kənˈsɪdə(r)] nghĩ về

Deny [dɪˈnaɪ] phủ nhận

Discuss [dɪˈskʌs] thảo luận

Divide up [dɪˈvaɪd ʌp] chia ra

Expect [ɪkˈspekt] mong đợi

Figure out [ˈfɪɡə(r) aʊt] tính toán, kết luận

Force [fɔːs] ép buộc

Freak out [fri:kaʊt] cảm thấy hoang mang

Get up [get ʌp] thức dậy

Happen [ˈhæpən] xảy ra

Limit [ˈlɪmɪt] giới hạn

Make sure [meɪk ʃʊə(r)] bảo đảm

Manage [ˈmænɪdʒ] quản lý/giải quyết

Own [əʊn] sở hữu, có

Practice [ˈpræktɪs] thực hành

Share [ʃeə(r)] chia sẻ

Take note [teɪk nəʊt] ghi chép

Talk [tɔːk] nói, trò chuyện

4.3.2.3 Adjectives

Best [best] tốt nhất

Major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] lớn, chủ yếu

Personal [ˈpɜːsənl] cá nhân

Ready [ˈredi] sẵn sàng

4.3.2.4 Adverbs

Around [əˈraʊnd] chung quanh

Financially [faɪˈnænʃəli] về mặt tài chính

Mainly [ˈmeɪnli] chính, chủ yếu, phần lớn

Probably [ˈprɒbəbli] có lẽ

4.3.2.5 Ordinal numbers

From the 1^st to the 30^th:

Numbers	Reading	Numbers	Reading	Numbers	Reading
1st	First	11th	Eleventh	21st	Twenty first
2nd	Second	12th	Twelfth	22nd	Twenty second
3rd	Third	13th	Thirteenth	23rd	Twenty third
4th	Fourth	14th	Fourteenth	24th	Twenty fourth
5th	Fifth	15th	Fifteenth	25th	Twenty fifth
6th	Sixth	16th	Sixteenth	26th	Twenty sixth
7th	Seventh	17th	Seventeenth	27th	Twenty seventh
8th	Eighth	18th	Eighteenth	28th	Twenty eighth
9th	Ninth	19th	Nineteenth	29th	Twenty ninth
10th	Tenth	20th	Twentieth	30th	Thirtieth

From the 40^th to the 100^th:

Numbers	Reading	Numbers	Reading
40th	Fortieth	80th	Eightieth
50th	Fiftieth	90th	Ninetieth
60th	Sixtieth	100th	One hundredth
70th	Seventieth	101st	One hundred and first

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