c. S + V + O → In spite of / Despite + V-ing + O

Even though he has practised driving a lot, he can’t pass the driving test.

1. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. He couldn’t solve the problem though he is good at math.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Although it got dark, they continued to work.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. Although it rained heavily, I went to school on time.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Although the weather is bad, we are going to have a picnic.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. He didn’t stop his car though the traffic lights turned red.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. He went to sleep though he had not finished the paper.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Although the prices are high, my daughter insists on going to the movie.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
UNIT 8: LIFE IN THE FUTURE

VOCABULARY

- pessi‘mistic (a) ………………………………………….

- ‘pessimism (n) tính bi quan, chủ nghĩa bi quan

- ‘pessimist (n) ………………………………………….

- opti‘mistic (a) ………………………………………….

- ‘optimism (n) ………………………………………….

- ‘optimist (n) ………………………………………….

- depression (n) tình trạng trì trệ, sự suy thoái, chán nản

- depress (v) ………………………………………….

- corpo‘ration (n): large business or company ………………………………………….

- wipe out ………………………………………….

- ………………………..(n) sự an toàn

- threaten (v) …………………………………………..

- ……………………..(n) chủ nghĩa khủng bố

- ‘terrorist (n) …………………………………………..

- ‘terror (n) sự khủng bố

- powerful ( ) …………………………………………..

- domestic chore việc vặt trong nhà

- burden (n) = load gánh nặng

- thanks to …………………………………………..

- invent ( ) phát minh

- invention ( ) ……………………………………………

- labour-saving device thiết bị tiết kiệm sức lao động

- ‘micro tech‘nology công nghệ vi mô

- telecom‘munication (n) ……………………………………………..

- space-shuttle (n) ……………………………………………

- kph = …………………………………….. ……………………………………………

- (be) full of đầy ắp, nhiều

- con‘tribute to …………………………………………..

- incredible (a) /in‘kredəbl/ = impossible to believe …………………………………………..

…………….1. According to pessimists, in the future things are better than they are today.

…………….2. Optimists think that people will live in cleaner environment and eat healthier foods in the future.

…………….3. With the development of micro-technology, people can work from home via computers.

…………….4. People will not use petrol to run cars in the future.

…………….5. Cars will be equipped with computers to tell how efficiently the drivers are driving and whether there is anything wrong on the road ahead.

1. The word “they” in line 17 refers to …………………

A. robots B. factories C. aspects of life D. computers

2. Thanks to ……………….housework will no longer be a burden.

A. computers B. robots C. telecommunication D. labour-saving device

3. People will use ………………to run cars.

A. petrol B. gas C. electricity D. from electricity to methane gas

4. No one can predict the future exactly. Things may happen …………………

A. expected B. unexpected C. expectedly D. unexpectedly

5. Someone who is ………………..is hopeful about the future or the success of something in particular.

A. powerful B. optimistic C. stagnant D. pessimistic

6. She couldn’t go for a picnic with us because she had to stay …………….home to look ……………her sick father.

A. in / for B. at / after C. on / at D. at / up
LANGUAGE FOCUS

EXERCISE 1: Prepositions

1. Could I speak ……………Tom please? – I’m afraid Tom is ……………….work, but Jack is ………………….Would you like to speak ……………him?

2. How do I get …………….the station? – Turn right ………………the end of this street and you will see it in front …………….you.

3. He started going ……………..school …………..the age of five.

4. We arrived ……………..the airport at 7.a.m.

5. I’m going to Bath ……………Sunday ………….Mary.

6. He has lived……………101 Cornwall Gardens ……………..1996.

7. Mr John is very keen ……………..punctuality. His lessons always start …………….time.

8. Although we were ……………a hurry, she insisted ……………..stopping to look for it.

9. I want to post this ………………..a friend …………Italy.

10. The car stopped ……………..the traffic lights and couldn’t start again.

11. How do you go ……………….school? – It depends ……………..the weather. ………..wet days, I go ……………bus; …………..nice days, I go ……………..foot.

12. Children get presents ……………..Christmas and …………..their birthdays.

13. They succeed ……………escaping ……………..the burning house.

14. You shouldn’t believe everything you read …………….the newspapers.

15. The course starts …………..3^rd November and ends ………………January.

16. ……………..first we didn’t like each other, but ……………the end we became good friends.

17. We are looking forward ……………new possibilities.

18. Practice listening ……………..English tapes or English programs ………………..the radio.

19. He asked his father ………………..money.

20. The house is ……………fire.
EXERCISE 2: Articles: a / an / the / Ø

1. …………………sugar is sweet.

2. ……………….oranges are green until they ripen.

3. We ate ……………..breakfast at eight o’clock this morning.

4. ………………Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from ……………..France to …………….United States.

5. Please give me ……………cup of ………………coffee with …………..cream and …………….sugar.

6. …………..big books on …………..table are for my history class.

7. He works as ………….assistant in ……………same shop as I do.

8. Do you know ……………man standing near …………….door.

9. Rita plays ………….violin and her sister plays ……………guitar.

10. David played …………..basketball and …………..baseball.

11. What’s wrong with you? Have you got ……………headache?

12. What …………..beautiful garden!

13. I saw ………….accident this morning. …………car crashed into …………tree. …………driver of ……………..car wasn’t hurt but ………….car was badly damaged.

14. My friends live in …………….old house in …………small village. There is ………..beautiful garden behind ………….house.

15. There are two cars parked outside: blue one and grey one. …………blue one belongs to my neighbor; I don’t know who …………..owner of ………….grey one is.

16. This morning, I bought ………..newspaper and …………magazine. …………..newspaper is in my bag but I don’t know where I put …………….magazine.

17. A: Did you have …………nice holiday?

B: Yes, it was …………..best holiday I’ve ever had.

18. Do you often listen to ……………….classical music?

19. …………homeless need more help from the government.

20. He spends most of his life at …………….sea.

1. 
   We had _____ dinner in a restaurant.
   

2. 
   We had _____ meal in a restaurant.
   

3. 
   Thank you. That was ______ very nice lunch.
   

4. 
   ______rose is my favorite color.
   

5. 
   When was _____ computer invented?
   

6. 
   My daughter plays _____ piano very well.
   

7. 
   Mary loves _____ flowers.
   

8. 
   Jill went to ______ hospital to see her friend.
   

9. 
   Mrs Lan went to ______ school to meet her son’s daughter.
   

10. 
    Carol went to ______ prison to meet her brother.
    

11. 
    Sandra works at a big hospital. She’s _______.
    

12. 
    She works six days _____ week.
    

13. 
    ______ is a star.
    

14. 
    What did you have for ______ breakfast this morning.
    

15. 
    London is _____ capital of England.
    

16. 
    When ______ invented?
    

17. 
    We visited _______ two years ago.
    

C. the Canada and United States D. Canada and United States

18. 
    Are you going away next week? No, _______ week after next.
    

19. 
    We haven’t been to ______ for years.
    

20. 
    If you live in _______ foreign country, you should try and learn the language.
    

Ex: The climate in this area is very severe, so very few animals can live there.

- THEREFORE (trạng từ): vì thế, do đó, được dùng như từ nối câu

Ex: The food prices rise too much; therefore, people’s life becomes difficult.

2. BUT / HOWEVER: diễn tả sự tương phản, đối lập

- BUT (liên từ): nhưng

Ex: Mr. John is a very rich business man, but he leads a simple life.

Ex: The test was very difficult; however, all students were able to finish it.

Note: dấu câu và vị trí của từ nối Therefore, however

Ex: Bill had missed a lot of classes; therefore, he failed the exam.

Bill had missed a lot of classes; he, therefore, failed the exam.

Bill had missed a lot of classes. Therefore, he failed the exam.

1. Her friend lied to her -------------- she still likes and trusts him.

A. but B. so C. therefore D. however

2. Her friend lied to her ---------------- she doesn’t trust him anymore.

A. but B. however C. so D. despite

3. I didn’t have an umbrella -------------- I got wet.

A. but B. although C. so D. however

4. The water was cold -------------------- I went swimming anyway.

A. so B. despite C. therefore D. but

5. The water was cold -------------------- I didn’t go swimming.

A. but B. so C. although D. because

6. I didn’t have an umbrella ----------------------- I didn’t get wet because I was wearing a raincoat.

A. but B. so C. therefore D. despite

7. I understand your point of view. ----------------- I don’t agree with it.

A. Although B. However C. So D. Therefore

8. Nam didn’t study for the exam, ------------------ Lan did.

A. however B. but C. so D. therefore

9. It was already 6 p.m., --------------------- we closed the office and went home.

A. but B. however C. so D. because

10. He worked hard, but / although / however / therefore he could earn much money.

11. The food didn’t look appetizing, but / however / therefore / so many people started eating.

12. My friend and I were tired, however / so / but / though we went home early.

13. We wanted to stay until the end of the game, but / however / despite / because it got too late for us.

14. You could fly via Vienna; but / however / so / therefore it isn’t the only way.

15. They have lived next door to us for years, yet / however / therefore / because we hardly ever see them.

16. The normal pulse for an adult is between 60 and 80 beats per minute, so / however / but / therefore excitement will make a pulse much faster.

17. Many people have law degrees, -------------------.

A. but some of them do not practice it B. however it is not practiced by all

C. so some are not practicing law D. but not all of them practice law

18. Maria tried to read a novel in French ----------------- the book was too difficult for her to understand.

A. so that B. therefore C. but D. and

19. I bought a bottle of wine ----------------- we drank it together.

A. therefore B. so C. and D. but

20. The waiter was not very nice, ------------------, the food was delicious.

A. however B. but C. so D. and so
UNIT 10: ENDANGERED SPECIES
VOCABULARY

- ‘insect (n) …………………………………………….

- become extinct ……………………………………………..

- extinct (a) - extinction (n) tuyệt chủng – sự tuyệt chủng

- endangered species ……………………………………………

- (be) in danger …………………………………………..

- endangered (a) bị nguy hiểm, bị lâm nguy

- globe (n) - global ( ) …………………………………………….

- ‘habitat ( ) ……………………………………………

- destroy ( ) ……………………………………………..

- ………………………. (n) sự tàn phá, phá hoại

- exploit (v) - exploitation ( ) ……………………………………………

- exploitable ( ) …………………………………………

- ……………………….. (n) - drain (v) sự tháo nước - tháo nước

- rare species …………………………………………

- urbanization (n) …………………………………………..

- urbanize ( ) ………………………………………….

- urban (a) thuộc thành phố

- construct ( ) - construction (n) ……………………………………………

- worldwide ( ) …………………………………………..

- toxic chemical ………………………………………….

- contaminate (v) - contamination (n) …………………………………………

- lose (v) – loss (n) ……………………………………….

- biodiversity (n) ……………………………………….

- benefit from /‘benifit/ ……………………………………….

- conserve (v) = preserve (v) ……………………………………..

- conservation ( ) = preservation ( ) ……………………………………..

- ‘vulnerable ( ) dễ bị tấn công

- aware of (a) – awareness (n) ………………………………………

- protect s.th / s.o from ………………………………………

- …………………………..(v) săn bắn quá mức

- a wide range of ……………………………………….

- survive (v) – survival (n) ………………………………………..

- ……………………..(n) gấu trúc

- tropical (a) # subtropical (a) ………………………………………..

- legal (a) # illegal (a) ………………………………………….

READING

Task 1 and 2 in the textbook, page 108

Task 3: Read the reading passage and choose the best answer

1. _______ is a branch of Natural Science, and is the study of living organisms and how they interact with their environment.

a. Biology b. Biological c. Biologist d. Biologically

2. A / an _______ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.

a. dangerous b. endanger c. endangered d. endangerment

3. Probability of extinction depends _______ both the population size and fine details of the population demography.

a. on b. in c. from d. for

4. It is found that endangered species are often concentrated in areas that are poor and densely populated, such as much of Asia and Africa.

a. disappeared b. increased c. threatened d. reduced

5. Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with ____.

.a. extinct b. extinction c. extinctive d. extinctly

6. Current extinction rates are at least 100 to 1,000 times higher than _______ rates found in the fossil record.

a. nature b. natural c. naturally d. naturalness
LANGUAGE FOCUS

Modals: MAY, MIGHT, MUST, MUSTN’T, NEEDN’T

1. may / might:

1. 
   diễn tả điều có thể xảy ra hoặc không chắc chắn
   

Ex: He may / might be in his office. (= perhaps he is in his office)

A: I can’t find my bag anywhere.

B: You may / might have left it in the shop. (= perhaps you left it in the shop)

Ex: May I use your phone? – Yes, you may. / Sorry, you may not.

c. dùng cho lời chúc hay diễn tả niềm hy vọng

Ex: May you be happy.

Ex: The phone is ringing. It could be Tim. (= it may / might be Tim)

- sự bắt buộc cần thiết They must study hard for their next exam.

- lời kết luận cho điều gì đó có dấu hiệu, chứng cứ ở hiện tại Bill looks so anxious. He must have a problem.

- sự việc ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai, không dùng ở quá khứ

We must go tomorrow (không dùng We must go yesterday)

b. mustn’t + V1: diễn tả sự ngăn cấm

You must keep it in a secret. You mustn’t tell anybody else.

c. needn’t + V1 = don’t / doesn’t have to + V1: không cần, không phải

needn’t + V1 # must + V1

We have got plenty of time. We needn’t hurry. ( = we don’t need to hurry = we don’t have to hurry)

+ chỉ dùng để diễn tả sự việc ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai, không diễn tả sự việc ở quá khứ

Ex: I must study for the exam.

I haven’t phoned Ann for ages. I must phone her tonight.

+ có thể dùng trong tất cả các dạng

Ex: His eyes are weak. He has to wear glasses.

You can’t turn right here. You have to turn left.

I had to go to hospital.
EXERCISE 1: Complete these sentences with must / have to (in the correct form)

1. Jack left before the end of the meeting. He ---------------- go home early.

2. In Britain many children ---------------------- wear uniform when they go to school.

3. When you come to London again, you -------------------- come and see us.

4. Last night Don became ill suddenly. We ----------------- see a doctor.

5. I’m afraid I can’t come tomorrow. I ----------------- work late.

6. Paul doesn’t like his new job. Sometimes he ---------------------- work at weekends.

7. Caroline may ------------------ go away next week.

8. We couldn’t repair the car ourselves. We -------------------- take it to the garage.

9. You really -------------------- work harder if you want to pass the examination.

10. It’s late than I thought. I ------------------------- go now.

EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answers

11. I don’t want anyone to know. You ---------------- tell anyone.

A. must B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. don’t have to

12. He ---------------- wear a suit to work but he usually does.

A. mustn’t B. must C. needs D. doesn’t have to

13. I can stay in bed tomorrow morning because I ----------------- go to work.

A. have to B. need to C. must D. don’t have to

14. Whatever you do, you ------------------touch that switch. It’s very dangerous.

A. don’t need to B. must C. mustn’t D. might

15. There’s lift in the building, so we -------------------- climb the stairs.

A. may B. have to C. need to D. don’t have to

16. We haven’t got much time. We ------------------ hurry.

A. don’t need to B. needn’t C. must D. mustn’t

17. We have enough food at home, so we -------------------- go shopping today.

A. need to B. have to C. needn’t D. must

18. This is a valuable book. You -----------------look after it carefully and you --------------- lose it.

A. must / need to B. mustn’t / must C. need to / have to D. must / mustn’t

UNIT 11: BOOKS
VOCABULARY

- ‘swallow (v) nuốt, đọc ngấu nghiến

- ………………. /t∫u:/ (v) nhai, đọc nghiền ngẫm

- ……………….. /teist/ (v) nếm, đọc thử

- …………………….. /daІ‘dƷest/ (v) tiêu hóa, đọc và suy ngẫm

- dip into đọc lướt, đọc qua loa

- in a word = in brief = in sum ……………………………………………

- (be) on holiday …………………………………………….

- belong to …………………………………………….

- advice (n) – advise (v) …………………………………………….

- hard-to-put-down ……………………………………………

- hard-to-pick-up-again …………………………………………..

- pleasure /‘pleƷə/ (n) ……………………………………………..

- please /pli:z/ (v) - pleased (adj) ……………………………………………

- science fiction ………………………………………….

- romance /rəυ‘mæns/ (n) - romantic (adj) …………………………………………

- wait for ………………………………………….

- incredible (adj) không thể tin được

- wilderness /‘wildənəs/ n) vùng hoang dã

- personality (n) ………………………………………….

READING

Task 1 and 2 in the textbook, page 120

Task 3: Read the reading passage and choose the best answer

1. According to the passage, there are …………………ways of reading.

A. two B. three C. four D. five

2. You read a few pages of a book before going to sleep means you ……………… it.

A. “swallow” B. “chew” C. “taste” D. “chew”

3. You might “swallow” a book when you ………………..

A. have time to enjoy it B. are interested in it C. find a good story D. A & C are correct

4. Before starting reading a book carefully and slowly, you should ……………………..

A. read the title carefully B. check that it is not too difficult

C. know the writer of that book D. know the pages of the book

1. “Are there any chair in the room?” - “No, there aren’t ……………….”

A. any B. no C. not D. some

2. “Would you like a chocolate?” - No, thanks. I am ………….. a diet.”

A. in B. on C. at D. for

3. “Where are we going to meet?” – “…………….?”

A. How about B. How is about C. What is about D. What about is

4. “Have you got anything ………………….?” asked the custom officer.

A. declare B. declaring C. to declare D. for declaring

5. – “……………..” - “Oh, it’s great!”

A. How is the music of the film? B. Would you like the music of the film?

C. What do you like the music of the film? D. What do you think of the music of the film?

6. – “…………………..?” – “Yes, please.”

A. Would you like some tea B. Do you drink tea

C. Will you have tea or coffee D. Can you drink some tea

7. “Do you mind watching the Rainbow movie with us?” – “……………, I’ve seen it already.”

A. No, I don’t C. Yes, I do C. No, I do D. Thanks

8. “Could you do me a favor?” – “……………….?”

A. What can I do for you B. What do you want

C. Can you help me D. No, thanks

9. A: I feel like having seafood for dinner, but we went to Tai Pak seafood last night.