5s a quality improvement tool for sustainable performance: literature review and directions

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Shangyou and Yaqing (2011) have investigated the defects associated in the 
implementation of 5S in the industries and proposed a specific measure to improve 5S 
implementation. The defects resulting in unsuccessful implementation of 5S included: lack of 
proper value consciousness, misuse of materials due to similarity which lead to wastage of both 
time and materials, mopping of floor at irregular time etc. The authors suggested that 
preparation, execution, supervision with coordination and support from top to bottom level of 
employees are essential in order to remove the defects occurring during implementation of 5S. 
Hunglin (2011) has researched that 5S program has effectively contributed to decrease in 
average time for the production of goods by 49%, thereby facilitating the adherence to 
customers’ demands at Wan Cheng Industry in Taiwan. 
Wang and Qi (2011) have utilized the 5S and database technology in order to establish 
the precision agriculture information system. There are involvement of hardware and software 
with data base design for the development of system. The authors presented the integration of 5S 
technology with software/database design in order to achieve the benefits in agriculture sector. 
Chadha et al. (2012) have introduced a lean health care (LEAN- HC) transformation 
model at an emergency department of health care system to improve the health care system in the 
hospitals. The model integrated with queuing theory and lean methodology in which 5S and 
visual management have been utilized to achieve de-bottlenecking the process, reduced lead time 
of service, eliminate non-value added activities and followed standard operating procedure. The 
authors found that model helped in increasing flexibility, capacity and improved process flow 
with good quality of service in health care system. 
Chowdary et al. (2012) have introduced the combination of lean principles in 
pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in order to improve the production and quality 
standards. 5S and value stream mapping (VSM) methodology were used by the authors to 
analyze the problems or root causes occurring in the production line. The findings revealed that 
manufacturing companies reduced their lead time, cycle time and WIP inventory during the 
process through holistic 5S and VSM deployment. The lean principles eliminated the waste and 
brought significant improvements in the companies to enhance the company’s position in 
competitive world market.
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Gratiela (2012) has depicted that many companies implement lean manufacturing with 5S 
initiatives in order to clean the workplace environment and bring smooth workflow between 
processes. The author stated that 5S principles are equally effective in manufacturing sector, and 
other sectors like defense, banking, mining, agriculture and construction sector. 5S is used to 
manage the work area more effectively without creating the confusion with other program such 
as TPM which are related more towards machine and equipment. 
Jamian et al. (2012a) have studied that it is difficult to maintain the sustainability 
regarding environment and economic issues in small medium enterprise because of constrained 
resources. To encourage the sustainability in manufacturing (SMEs), a management system 
practice is utilized in which 5S is an important or integral part of it. A framework and model is 
evolved in order to achieve the benefits of sustainability in terms of processes, quality, discipline 
and environment conditions with a linkage of 5S with management system practices (MSPs). 
Gomes et al. (2013) have studied that lean manufacturing is necessary to overcome 
economic crises because it help in improving the productivity with reduction of waste and 
optimize available resources. The 5S method is the lean tool which helps in improving the 
productivity of organization by the improvement of workplace. In the research the author utilized 
the serious games to learn the 5S method/technique. Serious games are created for educational, 
training, marketing or awareness raising purpose. The authors suggested that the involvement of 
digital games in learning 5S technique improve the learning and skill development process. 
Putro (2013) has reported that with the implementation of 5S in Bengkel ABC, there was 
about 30.200cm
2
more space available for the organizing spare and waste in the organization. 
The author concluded that 5S technique helped in the effective utilization of workspace and 
provide immediate return within 48 days on its investment of implementing 5S program. He 
added that 5S implementation was helpful in providing better organizing environment for spare 
and tools at Bengkel ABC. 
Rahimi et al. (2013) have undertaken a study aimed at deployment of 5S components in 
Department of Youth and Sports of Isfahan. The study underlined the importance of employing 
5S component at the workplace with the help of questionnaire tool. The study substantiated the 
status of 5S as one of the powerful part in improving usage of the employee in the office of the 
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sport and youthfulness for increasing the learning in the organization. The study revealed that the 
organization should improve the level of the standardization in the work place. 
Singer and Becker (2013) have presented a single-source content management (SSCM) 
system to overcome the time consuming traditional documentation, reporting system and burden 
of paper work. SSCM system include electronically optimization and automation of data flow 
information in the company. The author added that SSCM system needed 5S strategies and 
standardization techniques in order to make a successful management system. 
Braganca et al. (2013) utilized lean tools to make better performance of an elevator 
company. The utilization of lean tools like 5S, visual management and standard work at the 
identified area in the company gave tremendous results in the improvement of the company. The 
company achieved improved work space, cleanliness, better utilization of material, less repetitive 
work, energy consumption and eco-friendly environment.
Aziz et al. (2014) have organized a survey in form of questionnaire to highlight the 
contributions of 5S technique on the organization. The questionnaire was composed of 2 
sections. The first section was related to productivity, work’s place quality, Motivation and 
safety, while the second section was related to knowledge, commitment and understanding 
among staff. The results of the study revealed that the scores related to first section improved 
significantly from poor/good to excellent and the second section scores rose to 99-100% after the 
implementation of 5S program. 
Ishijima et al. (2014) have analyzed the national rollout of quality improvement (QI) in 
the public hospitals of Tanzania in Africa through implementation of 5S approach. They 
identified various factors influencing the implementation of 5S approach, which included: 
establishment of quality improvements team roles and responsibility, feedback and sharing 
information, commitment and participation, cognition of 5S and guideline of 5S resources. The 
authors also concluded that there is need of conducting follow up activities and involvement of 
skilled person with good knowledge in order to establish QI program successfully in the 
hospitals. 
Chang and chin (2014) have applied Yang refined Kano model in the complicated 
manufacturing system of semiconductor wafer fabrication (FAB) to prioritise Ho’s 5S checklist 
because it help to satisfy customers by various audits before manufacturing of wafers. The 
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authors explained that Kano model developed a methodology to attach the customer satisfaction 
with quality attributes. These attributes helped the management a better ambit to apply 5S 
practice and prolong the 5S management. 
Khanna and Gupta (2014) have prepared the competency based training module which 
play an important role in the success of 5S and TQM implementation. The authors have 
suggested various important competency variables like achievement oriented, creativity, 
flexibility, decision making skills, and job motivation for the effective deployment of 5S and 
TQM in the organization. They also investigated the level of 5S for TQM implementation and 
performance in company before and after competency based training. 

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