CONtENts
xvi
Self-Enforcing
Agreements 274
Company Store Strategies 274
Market Differences
275
Temporary Franchises and Company Outlets
275
Plural
Forms and Synergies 276
Exploiting Franchisees with Company Outlets
278
Adapting to Challenges in Franchising
280
Survival Trends 280
Maintaining a Cooperative Atmosphere 281
Managing Inherent Goal Conflict 282
Multi-Unit Franchising 283
Franchising
and Omni-Channels 285
Take-Aways
288
CHAPTER 9
Channels and International Markets
293
Learning Objectives
293
Introduction
293
Key Middlemen
in International Markets 295
Export Management Companies 296
Export Trading Companies 296
Piggybacking 297
International Retailers 297
International Franchising 300
International Distribution Challenges
302
The Role of Wholesalers 302
Marketing to the Base of the Pyramid 305
Defining the Market
305
Ethical
Considerations at the BOP 305
Distribution to the BOP
307
Omni-Channels and Global Marketing
312
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