ĐỀ chính thức kì thi thử VÀo lớP 10 thpt

Dinosaurs died out long before people appeared. Dinosaurs (57)_______from about 230 million years ago to about 65 million years (58)________. There are several theories about why dinosaurs (59)________ out.

Many scientists believe that there was a sudden, (60)________event. They think that an asteroid or comet (61)________with the earth. Fire from the impact burned large areas. Dust blocked sunlight from (62)________the surface of the earth. Acid rain fell everywhere. Plants could not grow. There was no food for the plant-eating dinosaurs, so they died out.

Other scientists think that the environment changed. Maybe the (63)________grew colder and dinosaurs (64)________became extinct over several million years. Many scientists think that birds (65)_________ from a small kind of dinosaur. If this is true, then dinosaurs are still (66)_________in the form of modern birds.

Ways to communicate Getting started Choose your category Speed and flexibility Making new friends Long-distance solution Personal identification What is instant messaging?

Instant messaging – or IM – is more immediate than e-mail as you don’t have to check your inbox for new messages – they appear instantly. Another advangtage is that more than two people at a time can join in an IM conversation, so it’s ideal for, say, making social arrangements among groups of friends.

Communication by IM isn’t restricted to text. You can send pictures stored on your computer, and if you have microphones and speakers you can talk – the advantage being that internet charges are usually cheaper than phone calls. If you and a friend have webcams, you can also make a video call, in which you can see as well as hear each other.

John Moran, 13, from Southport uses instant messaging to keep in touch with relatives on the other side of the world. “When I go online I swap messages with my cousins in Australia,” says John “It’s much cheaper than phoning them and means I can speak to them more often.” Carol Taylor, 24, who lives in Argentina, agrees. ‘My parents live in the UK, and we prefer using an instant messenger to sending emails or text messages as it’s more like a real conversation,” she says. “I’d rather chat online than call them as it costs so much less.”

The first step in using IM is to download a piece of software from one of websites that offer the service. If you already have friends who use IM, find out which program they have. It’s free, doesn’t take long to download and the only costs you face are the standard call charges while you’re on line.

Once you’ve installed this software and connected to the Internet you can start exchanging messages with your friends online. Each user of the service has their own user name. If you find out the user names of people you know, you can create a friend lists. Then, when you go online, the software tells you which of them are also connected to the Internet, and you can send them a message.

The features on offer vary depending on which service you opt for, although there is not much difference between instant messenger packages. As well as allowing you to use microphones and webcams, most give you a range of options regarding your status. You can usually appear as “online”, “busy” or “away from PC”. The “busy” status is useful if you’re online but don’t want to be disturbed. The “away from PC” status is usually used by those who are permanently online (people who have broadband or an office connection) but aren’t always at their computer.

The Roman alphabet took thousands of years to develop, from the picture writing of the ancient Egyptians through modifications by Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, and others. Yet in just a dozen years, one man, Sequoyah, invented an alphabet for the Cherokee people. Born in eastern Tennessee, Sequoyah was a hunter and a silversmith in his youth, as well as an able interpreter who knew Spanish, French, and English.

Sequoyah wanted his people to have the secret of the “talking leaves”, as he called the books of white people, and so he set out to design a written form of Cherokee. His chief aim was to record his people’s ancient tribal customs. He began by designing pictographs for every word in the Cherokee vocabulary. Reputedly his wife, angry at him for his neglect of garden and house, burned his notes, and he had to start over. This time, having concluded that picture-writing was cumbersome, he made symbols for the sounds of the Cherokee language. Eventually he refined his system to eighty-five characters, which he borrowed from the Roman, Greek, and Hebrew alphabets. He presented this system to the Cherokee General Council in 1821, and it was wholeheartedly approved. The response was phenomenal. Cherokees who had struggled for months to learn English lettering in school picked up the new system in days. Several books were printed in Cherokee, and in 1828, a newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix, was first published in the new alphabet. Sequoyah was acclaimed by his people.

In his later life, Sequoyah dedicated himself to the general advancement of his people. He went to Washington, D.C, as a representative of the Western tribes. He helped settle bitter differences among Cherokee after their forced movement by the federal government to the Oklahoma territory in the 1830s. he died in Mexico in 1843 while searching for groups of lost Cherokee. A statue of Sequoyah represents Oklahoma in the Statuary Hall in the Capitol building in Washington, D.C. However, he is probably chiefly remembered today because sequoias, the giant redwood trees of California, are named for him.

73. The passage is mainly concerned with ____________.

A. the development of the Roman alphabet

B. the accomplishments of Sequoyah

C. the pictographic system of writing

D. Sequoyah’s experience in Mexico

74. According to the passage, how long did it take to develop the Cherokee alphabet?

A. Sequoyah took his name from those trees.

B. The trees inspired Sequoyah to write a book.

C. Sequoyah was born in the vicinity of the redwood forest.

D. The trees were named in Sequoyah’s honor.
PART D – WRITING

I. Identify which one of the underlined parts of the following sentences in incorrect, then correct the mistake.

83. Their free trip, which they won on a television game show, include four days in London and a week in

A B C D
Paris.

84. The Internet has increasing developed and become part of our everyday life.

A B C D
85. The water and land around the chemical factory are serious polluted.

A B C D
86. There are thirty chairs painting green in the room.

A B C D
87. Because of the light, the city seemed differently from the way I had remembered it.

A B C D
88. Nobody can be completely sure about the extent at which people are influenced by what they

A B C D
read in the newspapers.

89. As a child, I was always feeling afraid of the dark and had to sleep with a light on.

A B C D
II. Rewrite each of the following sentences in a such way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the original one.

90. He forgot about the gun until he got home.

91. Someone’s making new curtains for me.

92. John only understood very little what the teacher said.

93. It was a mistake to come to Medrid in July.

94. I can’t describe people as well as you can.

95. My decision to get up and dance coincided with the band’s decision to stop playing.

96. His arrival was completely unexpected. (TOOK)

97. My mother did not like my new shoes. (DISAPPROVED)

98. He continued his story, even though no one was listening. (WENT)

99. He will have to accept your offer. (OPTION)

100. “How did you persuade Thomas to lend you the money?” (TALK)

11. Please don’t ________from me when I am talking to you.

If I were you, I (31. travel) around the world.

42. The village is quite and ________________. (peace)

43. They are enthusiastic _________________. (environment)

44. The manager must think deeply before making an important ________________. (decide)

45. The room was well decorated, and was _________________admired by everybody. (attract)

46. My children are very _________________about their summer vacation. (excite)

47. In summer, there is usually a _________________of electricity. (short)

48. Why does she drive her car _________________. (slow)

49. The earth’s climate is changing and the world is becoming _________________. (warm)

50. Overeating is ________________to our health. (harm)

51. In space, washing your hands or having a bath is _________________. (possible)

IV. Choose the correct preposition or particle to complete each sentence.

52. We are always proud ____________your success.

53. ____________heat from the sun, there would benolife on Earth.

54. You remind me of your uncle. We used to work ___________each other.

55. My mother is very keen ____________growing flowers.

56. Does Mary really enjoy working ____________night?

57. I swim ____________the sea everyday 58. ____________summer

59. How much is the shirt ____________stripes?

60. This river is not good ____________swimming because its banks are full of waste.