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LEARNING PACK 9 | TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES
Contents
Translation 1
Method vs Techniques 1
Translation Methods 1
Foreignisation 1-2
Domestication 2-3
Neutralisation 3
Exercise 1 4
Translation Techniques 5
Borrowing 5
Exercise 2 5
Calque 5-6
Exercise 3 6
Literal translation 7
Exercise 4 7-8
Transposition 8
Exercise 5 8
Modulation 9
Exercise 6 9
Equivalence or Reformulation 10
Exercise 7 10
Glossary 11-12
Self-assessment 12-13
References 13
1. Translation
What is translation?
Translation is the process in which we replace an original written or spoken text in one language with its equivalent in another language. This original text is commonly known as the Source Text (ST), whereas its equivalent in another language is referred to as the Target Text (TT).
The purpose of translating is making these source texts available to as many people as possible. However, the disparity that exists amongst the different languages and cultures makes translation a complex process. For this reason, translators must be not only bilingual or multilingual but also have bicultural and multicultural awareness. Some of the most challenging factors while translating are maintaining the same meaning and style, as well as finding equivalence for proverbs and idioms, for instance. It is always recommended to be familiarised with different approaches that can make the translation process easier.
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