The impact of human capital management on operational performance at the gambia national water and



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RACHEL GRACE NICOL-KEITA

3.2 
Population 
The study population is the entire permanent staff of NAWEC from which the sample 
was selected. The total number of permanent staff is 1546 people. This figure comprises 
the following four categories of staff as indicated below; 
Table 3.1 Staffing situation
Management Staff
14 people 
Senior Staff – administrative and technical 
116 people 
Junior Staff – administrative and technical
417 people 
Support Staff 
 
 
 
 
 
999 people 
Total Staff 

1546 people 
Source: NAWEC payroll data, Nov. 2012 
 
3.3 
Sampling Techniques 
This study is an embedded single case, so the research covered the entire Company 
under study (NAWEC). The sample size of 155 participants is 10% of the total 
population. (NAWEC staff payroll data; Nov. 2012). This sample size was chosen 
taking cognisance of the recommended ideal sample by research methodology experts 
such as Nwana (1992) and Saunders (1990). They considered an ideal sample to be as 
follows; that if the size of the population is a few hundreds, a minimum of 40% will do. 


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If several hundreds, a minimum of 20% is acceptable; if few thousands, a minimum of 
10% is acceptable and if several thousands, 5% will do. The population in this case can 
be classified as several hundreds but because the research is purposive in nature
stratified sampling was also used, thus the use of 10% of the population as sample size. 
In this case study, the semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face with 10 
top management officials of the Company. The one hundred and fifty five 
questionnaires were administered purposively to the remaining three categories of staff 
– engineers, technicians and support. 
The sample size of 155 was representative considering the extent of variability in the 
population, time constraints and framework within which the study was to be completed 
and submitted and also the confidence in the inference made.

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