Semantics: a coursebook, second edition

participant roles 244–57
performative 263–265–267
perlocution 269–271–278
personi
fication 337–8
phonic act 277–8
politeness 296, 304–7
polysemy 130–2, 199, 236
predicate 46–48–54, 56–9, 107, 130,
144–5, 154–5, 196–8, 201, 205–15,
218–24, 244–5, 255–6; see also
extension (of a predicate);
prototype; sense; stereotype
predicator 46–47–50, 56–7, 152–3, 157,
256
pre
fix 226–7
premiss(es) (of an argument) 149; see
also inference, logical rule of
prepositions 9–10, 47, 51–2, 54, 57,
153–5, 255–6
primary illocution indicator 309–11
productivity 235–7
proposition 20–4, 32, 108, 111, 126,
142, 145–50, 152–61, 303–11; see
also logic
complex 165–77
simple 157–61, 174
propositional act 277–8
propositional calculus 190
propositional content 22, 304–306–307
prototype 87–90, 102–3
psychological shifting (of viewpoint)
67–8
rational behaviour 142–3, 308
reference 26–9, 31, 33–4, 37, 56, 60–1,
80–3, 87, 308–9
constant 28, 80–1
variable 27–8, 80–1; see also
referential versatility
referent 27–9, 31, 33, 37, 77, 80–3, 90,
157, 159–60; see also identifying
the referent of a referring
expression
referential vagueness 132, 136–7
referential versatility 136
referring, act of 33, 59, 260, 263, 277,
308–9
referring expressions 37–43, 46, 54,
56–62, 73–7, 80–3, 144–5, 244–5;
see also identifying the referent of
a referring expression
re
flexive predicate 220–1
relevance 318–19, 322
reported speech 69
resultative 231, 233–4
role frame 253–5
selectional restriction 208–11
semantic primes 197

Index
350
semantic theory 8–14
sense 26, 29–34, 53, 81–2, 95–103,
200–3, 205–15; see also ambiguity;
dictionary
inclusion 114–16; see also
entailment; hyponymy
properties 95, 98, 103, 116, 205,
218–24, 231, 238; see also analytic
sentence; contradiction; synthetic
sentence
relations 95, 98–100, 103, 105–16,
121–37, 196, 199–200, 205–15,
238–40, 269; see also antonymy;
entailment; hyponymy;
paraphrase; synonymy
sentence 17–19–20, 22–4, 32, 112, 126,
129, 147, 260
sentence meaning 2–3–7, 286–7,
303–304, 314, 316
sincerity condition 285–7
situation of utterance see deixis
source domain 331–4
speaker meaning (inc. utterance
meaning) 2–3–7, 95, 286–7, 304,
308–9, 314, 327; see also
illocution; speech acts
speech acts 260–7, 269–78, 281–7,
303–11
stereotype 90, 101–3, 201
su
fficient (set of) conditions 99–101,
200
su
ffix 227
suppletion 239
symmetric predicate 200–1, 206,
218–219
synonymy 106–9, 111, 113, 129, 132
syntax see grammar
synthetic sentence 95–8, 202
target domain 331–4
tense 47, 68–70, 83, 153, 155–6
theme 251–2, 256–7
theoretical (technical) predicate 
197–8
theory 8
time 82–3, 212–13
transitive predicate 221–2
translation 10–11, 22–3, 32
truth 20–2, 71, 76, 95–6, 109, 111–13,
144, 153, 159–61, 165, 172–7, 269,
283–4, 314–15, 327
truth table 172–4, 184, 187–8
universe of discourse 62–3, 71–3,
159–60
utterance 16–19, 23–4, 33, 142, 260,
327; see also deixis; implicature;
referring (act of); speech acts
utterance meaning 303–304, 316
vagueness 132, 136–7
verbs 47, 51, 57, 255
Wittgenstein 100–1
word(s) 30, 48–9, 107, 130
word formation rule 226, 228
word meaning see dictionary
zero-derivation 229–30, 232