Lesson 1: tenses ( Các thì ) simple present:
III / SOME OTHER CASES ( Một số trường hợp khác )
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III / SOME OTHER CASES ( Một số trường hợp khác ) 1. Verb of opinion : say, think, believe, report, hope, explain ………
Ex : They think that he is a good teacher. => It is thought that he is a good teacher. Ex : People say that we will pass this exam. => It is said that we will pass this exam.
Ex : People said that he had gone abroad. => It was said that he had gone abroad. Or He was said to have gone abroad. Ex : They believe that he is a good singer. => It is believed that he is a good singer. Or He is believed to be a good singer.
Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me. <=> Tom was asked to sit by me. Ex : She told him not to look for a job. <=> He was told not to look for a job.
Ex : Why did you explain it ? <=> Why was it explained ?
Ex : Do you solve this problem ? <=> Is this problem solved ? 5. WH – WORD + AUXILIARY + S + V + O ? <=> WH – WORD + AUXILIARY + S + BE + V3 ? Ex : Did your mother make some cakes ? <=> Were some cakes made by your mother ? Ex : Where will you do these exercices tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ? Ex: How long have you learned English? < = > How long has English been learned by you ?
Ex : Write your name here. <=> Let your name be written here . Ex : Open your book now. <=> Let your book be opened now. 6. Note : A.Trạng từ chỉ thể cách thường đứng giữa động từ Be và Past participle(Be +Adverd of manner +V3 ). Ex : The little girl cleaned the floor carefully. <=> The floor was care fully cleaned by the little girl. B. AVERB OF PLACE + BY + O Ex : My daughter put the school-bag here. <=> The school- bag was put here by my daughter. ………………………………………………………………………………***………………………
1. Don’t come into the compartment; the berth ______ now. A. is being fixed B. has been fixed C. is fixed D. is being fixing 2. By the time he arrives everything _______ A. had been settled B. will be settled C. will have been settled D. has been settled. 3. He often asks me to help them. A. He is often asked to help them. B. They are often asked to help me. C. I am often asked to help them. D. I am often asked him to help them. 4. His friends never forgave his betrayal. A. His betrayal were never forgiven by his friends. B. His betrayal was never forgiven by his friends. C. His betrayal was never forgave by his friends. D. His betrayal never forgave by his friends. 5. I’m sure we’ll settle the matter easily. A. I’m sure the matter will settle easily. B. I’m sure the matter will be settled easily. C. I’m sure the matter will settled easily. D. I’m sure the matter won’t be settled easily. 6. We sent for the police. A. The police was sent for. B. The police was sent . C. The police were sent for. D.The police was sent for us. 7. They speak much about this book. A. This book is much spoken about. B. This book is much spoken. C. This book is much about spoken. D. This book is much spoken about them. 8. Have they tested all the machines? A. Have all the machines be tested? B. Have all the machines been testing? C. Have all the machines been tested? D. Have all the machines been being testing? 9. Does he realize that they are laughing at him? A. Does he realize that he is being laughed? B. Is he realize that he is being laughed at? C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Is he realize that he is laughing at? 10. The manager offers me several jobs. A. I was offered several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs. C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. B and C are correct. 11. I still cannot believe it! My bicycle _______ some minutes ago. A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D. stole 12. Fortunately, the hospital’s new air-coditioning system ______ when the first heat wave of the summer arrived. A. had installed B. installed C. had been installed D. had been installing 13. The child’s arm was swollen because he ______ hy a bee. A. stung B. had stung C. had been stung D. Had being stung 14. Today, many serious childhood diseases ______ by early immunization. A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented 15. I _____ with you on that subject. A. am agree B. am agreed C. agreeting D. agree 16. Many U.S automobiles ______ in Detroit, Michigan. A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing 17. Let’s go ahead and do it now. Nothing ______ by waiting. A. accomplishs B. accomplished C. has accomplished D. will be accomplished 18. On September 9, 1850, California ______ to the United States as the thirty first state. A. has been admitted B. was admited C. was admitted D. admitted 19. When I came, an experiment ______ in the lab. A. was being holding B. has been held C. was being held D. has held 20. Vitamin C ______ by the human body. It gets into the blood stream quickly. A. absorbs easily B. is easily absorbing C. is easily absorbed D. absorbed easily 21. My country ______ the pursuit of world peace. A. is dedicating to B. is dedicated to C. is dedicating by D. is dedicated by 22. George is ______ Lisa. A. marry with B. marry to C. married with D. married to 23. The rescuers _______ for their bravery and fortitude in locating the mountain climbers. A. were praised B. praised C. were praising D. praising 24. Wait a minute! The table ______ . A. is being laid B. had been laid C. is laid D. has been laid 25. Last night a tornado swept through Rockvill. It _______ everything in its path. A. destroyed B. was destroyed C. was being destroyed D. had been destroyed 26. Dynamite _______ by Alfred Bernard Nobel. A. has been invented B. invented C. was invented D. was being invented 27. This exercise may _______ with a pencil. A. be written B. be to write C. be writing D. write 28. ______ this work ______ before you went to Moscow? A. Will / have been done B. Has / been done C. Will / be done D. Had / been done 29. If you ______ about it, will you be able to answer? A. are asked B. ask C. will be asked D. asked 30. Do you believe that such a problem can ______ ? A. solve B. be solving C. is solved D. be solved 31. “ Can’t we do something about the situation?” – “ Something _____ right now.” A. is doing B. is do C. is being done D. has been doing 32. The university ______ by private funds as well as by tuition income and gants. A. is supported B supports C. is supporting D. has supported 33. She could easily _______ for a top model. A. be mistaken B. have mistaken C. been mistaken D. to be mistaken 34. The money ______ to him 2 months ago, but it ______ back yet. A. was lent / had not been given B. has been lent / was not given C. was lent / has not given D. was lent / has not been given 35. A new underground line ______ now. They say one of its stations _____ in my street. A. is constructed / will be built B. is being constructed / has been built C. is being constructed / will be built D. will be constructed / to be built ………………………………………………………………………………***…………………………… LESSON 9 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES ( MỆNH ĐỀ TÍNH TỪ ) * An adjective clause modifies a noun. It describes or gives information about anoun. ( Mệnh đề tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ. Nó mô tả hoặc cho thông tin về danh từ. ) * An adjective clause follows a noun . ( Mệnh đề tính từ theo sau danh từ ) I / Using Who,Whom ,Which ,whose in Adjective clause ( Dùng Who,Whom, Which và Whose trong mệnh đề tính từ )
Relative Pronouns & Adverbs:
Notes: *Where = prep + nplace *When = prep + ntime *Why = for + the reason *‘THAT’ thay thế cho “WHO, WHOM, WHICH” trong mệnh đề có giới hạn (không đứng sau dấu phẩy, prep). *Dùng 1 hoặc 2 dấu phẩy tách mệnh đề quan hệ ra khỏi mệnh đề chính khi tiền danh từ là: - Danh từ riêng - Danh từ được bổ nghĩa = THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE - Danh từ được bổ nghĩa = sở hữu (MY, YOUR, …,TOM’S HOUSE,…) - Danh từ được bổ nghĩa = 1 nhóm từ ( EX: The man from Hanoi,…) Ex: They wanted to see my manager, who was away.
Ex: a/ Could you iron the trousers? They’re hanging up behind the door. Could you iron the trousers which/that are hanging up behind the door? b/ She showed me the radio. She had bought it She showed me the radio which/ that She had bought. c/ I don’t like the people. People lose their temper easily. I don’t like the people who /that lose their temper easily. d/ The man works here. I saw him yesterday. The man whom/ that I saw yesterday works here. e/ The house is very large. Its door is green. The house whose door is green is very large. f/ Have you seen the girl? I’m keeping her bicycle. Have you seen the girl whose bicycle I’m keeping? g/ Vietnam is beautiful. We live in vietnam. Vietnam, where we live, is beautiful.
Ex: The man is Tom’s teacher. Tom is talking to him. The man to whom Tom is talking is Tom’s teacher. + I’ll introduce you to the man. I share a flat with him. I’ll introduce you to the man with whom I share a flat. + This is the magazine. I talked about it yesterday. This is the magazine about which I talked yesterday. Giới từ không được đặt trước đại từ quan hệ WHO, THAT Có thể bỏ các đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ WHO(M),WHICH, THAT, WHEN trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định. Ex: + That’s the man (whom/ that) I met at Allison’s party. + The dress (which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well.
Ex: + The girl who is playing with the dog is Lan’s sister. The girl playing with the dog is Lan’s sister. + The man who spoke to John is my brother. The man speaking to John is my brother.
Ex: The picture which was drawn by a blind has won the first prize. The picture drawn by a blind has won the first prize.
Ex: + Which was the first country which won the world cup? Which was the first country to win the world cup? + The last person who leaves will have to turn out the lights. The last person to leave will have turn out the lights. ………………………………………………………………………………***……………………………… CLEFT SENTENCES (câu chẻ ) 1. Subject focus: It + (is/ was) + N + who/ that + V Ex: + Tom gave a rose to Mary. It was Tom who gave a rose to Mary. + The dog grabbed at the piece of meat and ran away. It was the dog that grabbed at the piece of meat and ran away.
Ex: + The girl saw the cat. It was the cat that the girl saw. + The little boy greeted his grandfather in a strange language. It was his grandfather whom the little boy greeted in a strange language.
Ex: + She presented him a book on his birthday. It was on his birthday that she presented him a book. + He got married when he was 26. It was when he was 26 that he got married.
Ex: + The boy hit the dog in the garden. It was the dog that was hit in the garden. + Fans gave Christina lots of flowers. It was Christina who/ that was given lots of flowers. ………………………………………………………………………………***……………………… EXERCISE Choose the best option to finish each sentence. 1. The woman ______ lives next door is a university professor. A. which B. who she C. who D. where she 2. This is the school ______ I used to go as a child. A. where B. which C. when D. in which 3. That’s the man ______ house was burnt down. A. that his B. who’s C. whose D. which 4. The company ______ I work for has gone bankrupt. A. where B. which C. who D. whom 5. We’ll come in August ______ the schools are on holiday. A. that B. where C. in which D. when 6. Is there anything ______ you need? A. that B. which C. who D. whom 7. Most of the people to ______ I wrote answered my letters. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose 8. 1995 was the year _______ dad was so ill. A. which B. where C. when D. that 9. I gave it to a boy______ name was Jim. A. his B. who C. whose D. whom 10. What’s the name of the restaurant ______ we ate in? A where B. in which C. that D. where in 11. Excuse me, but are you the person _______ I spoke earlier? A. to whom B. to which C. to who D. whom 12. The book ____ I bought at the bookstore yesterday is expensive. A. who B. whose C. that D. B & C are correct 13. I don’t like people ____ lose their tempers easily. A. who B. whose C. that D. A & C are correct 14. Mexico City, ____ has a population of over 10 million, is probably the fastest growing city in the world. A. which B. whose C. that D. A & B are corre 15. This is Henry, ____ sister works for my father. A. who B. whose C. that D.All are correct 16. He’s the man ____ people like at first sight. A. who B. whom C. that D. A & C are correct 17. Could you iron the trousers ____ are hanging up behind the door? A. who B. which C. that D. B & C are correct 18. Where is the girl ____ sells tickets? A. who B. whose C. whom D. A & C are correct 19. The man____ we consider our leader had much experience in climbing mountains. A. who B. whose C. whom D. A & C are correct 20. The artist ____ name I couldn’t remember was one of the best I had ever seen. A. who B. whose C. that D. A & C are correct 21. Frank invited Janet, ____ he had met in Japan, to the party. A. who B. whose C. that D. A & C are correct 22. The girl ___ design had been chosen stepped to the platform to receive the award. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which 23. I need to find a painting ____ will match the rest of my room. A. whose B. whom C. who D. which 24. There are too many poor people ____ do not have enough to eat in the world. A. whose B. whom C. who D. which 25. The trees ____ have the beautiful flowers grow near the gate of the garden. A. whose B. whom C. who D. which
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