English and Vietnamese noun phrases Running head: english and vietnamese noun phrase
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- Điều hướng trang này:
- Những
| Những and các are also function as lexical articles in a noun phrase. Although both các and những denote plurality, there is a slight difference in term of their semantics feature. While các emphasizes “all of a given set of entities”, những implies that “only certain of the total possible number are referred to” (Thompson 1965:180) as in (4a) and (4b) respectively. Moreover, “các’ can only occur in contexts that require definite noun phrases while “những” can only occur in contexts that require indefinite ones as in (4c) and (4d) respectively.
(4a)Tôi có rất nhiều sách. Những cuốn sách cũ rất hay (4b)Đem các cuốn sách cũ ra đây. (4c)Mời các anh vào nhà chơi (4d)Có những cuốn sách cũ rất hay. Like any other articles “những” and “các” does not bear phonological stress and cannot stand alone as the only element in the noun phrase. Indefinite “những” can be used for first mentions of referents or with expressions that involve unique reference. For example, Nhà tôi có nhiều chiếc xe. Những chiếc rẻ tiền ba tôi đi.
Numerals occur in Vietnamese noun phrases with the word order [Num-CL-N]. They are express through system called cardinal number such as một, hai, ba,.ect As I have already mentioned, Vietnamese numerals precede the particle CÁI and classifiers or measure phrases (if there is one) as given below Hai CÁI anh học sinh này Ba CÁI cân thịt này CÁI can be used as the only overt element of the noun phrase when the context is given. In the following example, both the noun and the classifier appear in the question, but only the numeral is in the answer: The numerals is sometimes obligatory when the context is given as in Anh mua mấy cân thịt? Tôi mua hai cân. In the above example, only the answer has the numeral. More importantly, the use of numerals and articles is mutual exclusive. In other words, in Vietnamese noun phrases where there is presence of numerals, the articles are not used and vice verse. Therefore, it will be ungrammatical to say “ những hai cái cuốn sách”
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