Pre-nominal modifiers:
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Classifiers: Classifiers in Vietnamese form a closed lexical class. In Vietnamese syntax, a classifier is an optional element in a noun phrase that immediately precedes the noun as in cuốn sách, cái bàn
Structurally, a classifier must follow a numeral if there are numerals in a noun phrase. Therefore, in Vietnamese it‘s grammatical to say “gà”, “con gà” or “hai con gà” but it will be ungrammatical to say “hai gà”. Classifiers cannot stand alone in a noun phrase as in “Con/ cuốn” and are used to individuate noun, thereby making them accountable as illustrated below. bàn, cái bàn
hai bàn hai cái bàn
In case, there is a demonstrative, an adjective, or a relative clause, which functions as an explicit specifying modifier, the head noun can be omitted as shown below,
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