02 Contents Frame

Land evaluation – towards a revised framework
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Experience has shown the need for great flexibility in the application of procedures 
outlined in the original Framework. This will also be the case for the revised 
Framework.
 i. Initial consultation with all stakeholders
In the original Framework, the initial consultation started at the level of the planning 
authorities that initiated the study and the organization that will carry it out. This typical 
top-down start might have been appropriate in areas with a low population density, but 
has become outdated and unacceptable in most parts of the world. The initial question 
for actions related to land evaluation has to come from the land users themselves.
The active participation of all stakeholders and their representatives in the 
formulation of land-use objectives and in a dialogue on the procedures of land resource 
evaluation should ensure that the proposed land uses are socially acceptable to these 
groups (FAO 1999a). At this critical initial stage in the process, intensive consultations 
with the stakeholder groups should deal with the implications of possible land-use 
changes in so far as they may impinge on issues such as rights of access or impose or 
modify responsibilities for management and conservation. 
At this stage, the following items need to be dealt with:
¾Definition of the objectives in consultation with all the stakeholders;
¾Identification of the constraints of the existing situation;
¾Specification of the data and assumptions on which the land evaluation is to be 
based;
¾The extent and boundaries of the area to be evaluated;
¾The kinds of land use which appear to be relevant for consideration;
¾The type of suitability classification to be employed;
¾The intensity and scale of the required survey;
¾The phasing of the activities in the evaluation;
¾Planning of the evaluation in consultation with the stakeholders.
The original Framework indicated two options: a two-stage approach, in which the 
biophysical aspects are dealt with first, followed by the social and economic aspects; 
and a parallel approach. The procedures proposed in this chapter follow a parallel 
approach, where different activities take place simultaneously, conducted by a multi-
disciplinary team, and interaction and iteration are integral aspects of the process. In 
cases where a fully parallel approach would not be feasible, a more modular procedure 
would be recommended. Then, the biophysical aspects of the work would generally 
precede the social and economic aspects – however, activities i and ii, initial consultation 
with stakeholders and diagnosis of land use problems, should be done jointly to ensure 
that the different experts work with the same goals and assumptions.

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