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| 3.3 GMO food consumption
In last few decades, industrialized countries invested in the agricultural sector and it was able to increase crop productivity in comparison to less developed countries because of improvements in plant breeding with the use of genetically modified seeds (Reisch et al., 2013). genetically modified crops or foods (GMOs) are products that are produced by using genetic engineering technologies that manipulated the DNA, RNA, or proteins to effect a change in an organism’s genome or epigenome (Scott et al., 2018, 463). Scientists belief that GM foods products are safe to eat and they have no negative side effects on consumers health, but still that consumers remain less convinced about the healthiness of this genetically modified food (Kolodinsky and Lusk, 2018; Scott et al., 2018). Also, for some consumers, genetically modified food is a moralized issue for which people base their disapproval or rejection on moral principles and faiths about the process of genetic engineering (Scott et al., 2018). However, Consumer perceptions about the risks and benefits of buying and consuming GM foods will highly affect their attitudes toward it. Consumers perceptions of risk and benefits are grounded on different basics such as attitude towards science, knowledge, trust, education and values, among others (Costa‐Font and Gil, 2012). Consumers who support GM foods consumption and believe that it is harmless for humans and consider it to be beneficial to the society will hold a positive attitude toward buying and consuming GM food products. On contrary, those consumers who believe that GM foods will have negative effects on the environmental, humans, animals, and plants, will hold a negative attitude and not intent to buy or consume such products. In addition, people who thinks social referents are favourable toward GM foods will perceive social pressure to purchase (Lefebvre et al., 2019). Other factors as information processing, regulations, and trust also playing an important role in forming consumers attitudes toward GM food. Some research proposes that providing consumers with factual information will increases their acceptance and it is also important to use different credible information channels as consumer organizations, environmental groups and scientists to deliver the needed information especially if consumers feel that they don’t know enough about gene technology and they may need to count on other institutions to manage risks. If those Abdalrahman. M. (2019). Consumer Behavior Toward Modern Food Products and Trends 81 Mednarodno inovativno poslovanje = Journal of Innovative Business and Management 11(2), 77-, DOI: 10.32015/JIMB/2019-11-2-9 institutions are trusted, the technology is not considered risky. Also, other research suggest that consumers will trust the GM food and be more confident about its safety when they expected a larger net benefit and there be more strict regulations. In addition, there is still other factors that could affecting consumer attitudes toward GM food either in a positive or negative direction as individual values, demographic attributes, moral and ethical considerations and socio- economic attributes (Costa‐Font and Gil, 2012; Scott et al., 2018). Individuals can be categorized according to their attitudes toward GM food into three main groups, the first group is the pessimistic group or anti-GM food group, the second group is risk-tolerant or information searchers group; and finally, the optimistic group or GM-accepters (Costa‐Font and Gil, 2012). tải về 278.68 Kb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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