Safety evaluation of certain food additives

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276
ANNEX 1

ANNEX 2
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE MONOGRAPHS
ADI
acceptable daily intake
ADME
absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination
ALT
alanine aminotransferase
AP
alkaline phosphatase
AST
aspartate aminotransferase
BEU
branching enzyme units
BROD
benzyloxyresorufin O-dealkylase
bw
body weight
CCFA
Codex Committee on Food Additives
CSFII
DMSO
Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (USA)
dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
EC
50
median effective concentration
EDTA
ethylenediaminetetraacetate
EFSA
European Food Safety Authority
EROD
ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase
EU
European Union
FAO
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
GEGR
glycerol ester of gum rosin
GEWR
glycerol ester of wood rosin
GLP
Good Laboratory Practice
GR
gum rosin
GRAS
Generally Recognized as Safe
GSFA
General Standard for Food Additives (Codex)
GST
glutathione transferase
HDL
high-density lipoprotein
HEPES
N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N
ƍ-2-ethanesulfonic acid
HPLC
high-performance liquid chromatography
IQ
intelligence quotient
JECFA
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives
LD
50
median lethal dose
LDL
low-density lipoprotein
LOAEL
lowest-observed-adverse-effect level
LSC
liquid scintillation counting
MROD
methoxyresorufin O-demethylase
NCE
normal chromatic erythrocyte
NDMAD
N-nitrosodimethylamine N-demethylase
NHANES
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (USA)
NOAEL
no-observed-adverse-effect level
NOEL
no-observed-effect level
OECD
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop-
ment
- 277 -

OSA
octenyl succinic acid
PCE
polychromatic erythrocyte
PhIP
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b]pyridine
PROD
pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase
QA
quality assurance
QR
quinone reductase
S9
9000 × g supernatant from rat liver
SCF
Scientific Committee on Food (European Commission)
SOE
sucrose oligoesters
TOR
tall oil rosin
TOS
total organic solids
TPPO
triphenyl phosphine oxide
U
uniformly
UDP
uridine 5
ƍ-diphosphate
UDPGT
uridine 5
ƍ-diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase
USA
United States of America
USFDA
United States Food and Drug Administration
UV
ultraviolet
WHO
World Health Organization
WR
wood rosin

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