ốn,
ước, khao khát, thèm” expressing the desire to have
something or to do something and bear the subjectivity of
the doer of the action. They imply the presupposition that
the action has not happened before and is likely to happen
in the future. Among them, “want” and “mu
ốn” are
considered to be used in most situations. What is more,
English people have a tendency to use “desire, long” to
suggest a strong wish for something, especially when it is
very difficult to get. In the same way, Vietnamese people
use “khao khát, thèm”.
Last, it seems that “hope” in English and “hy v
ọng,
mong” in Vietnamese have the same semantic features.
These verbs are employed when speakers want something
to be true or happen and believe that it is possible or
likely. In other words, they bear the feature of optimism
in their meanings.
6.3.2. Differences
In Vietnamese, “mu
ốn” has other meanings which
“want” does not have. It expresses the tendency to change
to another state of something and indicates human
physiological needs as in “Tr
ời muốn mưa” or “Tôi muốn
nôn khi nhìn th
ấy những món ăn đó”. In this way, “muốn”
in Vietnamese is equivalent to “be going to” in English.
“Wish” differs from “giá nh
ư, phải chi” in their parts
of speech. While “wish” is a verb requiring a subject,
“giá nh
ư, phải chi” are link words and together with
“
ước gì”, they can appear initially in sentences. In
addition, “wish” conveys the meanings of dissatisfaction
or annoyance as well as implies a polite imperative, which
cannot be found with wishing verbs in Vietnamese.
We can see the summary of the comparison of the
meaning nuances of wishing verbs in English and
Vietnamese in table 3:
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