Development and Validation of the Self-Esteem Scale of Toulouse (etes) in Vietnam
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| 1. Introduction
The development of the young is one of any countries’ most compelling con- cerns. Furthermore, Vietnam is a developing country and the adolescents in this country—like in any other developing ones—must face up to numerous trials directly linked to the significant changes that the economy and social climate are going through. Confronting with new risks, these adolescents are vulnerable. The percentage of adolescents violating laws or having abortions has increased. How to cite this paper: Linh, T.T., Huong, T.T. and Trang, N.M. (2017) Development and Validation of the Self-Esteem Scale of Toulouse (ETES) in Vietnam. Open Journal of Social Sciences , 5, 114-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2017.51010 Received: December 16, 2016 Accepted: January 13, 2017 Published: January 16, 2017 Copyright © 2017 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access T. T. Linh et al. 115 Particularly, according to the Ministry of Health (MOH), the number of teenag- ers having abortions is approximately one fifth of all abortions nationwide each year. Recent reports from hospitals in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City cite a sig- nificant increase in the number of adolescent abortions (cited according to [1] ). Understanding the psychological aspect of adolescents has become more impor- tant and necessary than ever. The area of self-esteem is therefore a rapidly ex- panded research topic in the field of social science in Vietnam, especially in psychology. An overview of previous research on self-esteem shows that a lot of measure- ment tools have been used on the sample group of Vietnamese such as the Toulouse Self-Esteem Scale [2] , the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory [3] , the Culture-Free Self-Esteem (Battle, 1981, cited according to [4] ), the Rosenberg scale [5] , the Harter scale [6] , etc. These tools have been translated into Viet- namese and used increasingly in the practice of psychology in Vietnam. But Markus and Kitayama [7] have pointed out that some aspects of the self may be different according to which culture is referred and that the content and struc- ture of the self may differ markedly by culture. Hence, the fact that the tool may be culture-based somehow explains the reason why there is a great demand for the development of a self-esteem measurement tool for the Vietnamese. tải về 309.61 Kb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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