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| Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The growth of cities, the construction of hundreds of new factories, and the spread of railroads in the United Stases before 1850 had increased the need for better illumination. But the lighting in American homes had improved very little over that of ancient times. Through the colonial period, homes were lit with tallow candles or with a lamp of the kind used in ancient Rome- a dish of fish oil or other animal or vegetable oil in which a twisted rag served as a wick. Some people used lard, but they had to heat charcoal underneath to keep it soft and burnable. The sperm whale provided superior burning oil, but this was expensive. In 1830 a new substance called “camphene” was patented, and it proved to be an remained expensive, had an unpleasant odor, and also was dangerously explosive. Between 1830 and 1850 it seemed that the only hope for cheaper illumination in the United States was the wider use of gas. In the 1840s American gas manufacturers adopted improved British techniques for producing illuminating gas from coal. But the expense of piping gas to the consumer remained so high that until mid- century gas lighting was feasible only in urban areas, and only for public buildings for the wealthy. In 1854 a Canadian doctor, Abraham Gesner, patented a process for distilling a pitch like mineral found in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia that produced illuminating gas and an oil that he called “kerosene” (from “keros”, the Greek word for wax, and “ene” because it resembled camphene). Kerosene, though cheaper than camphene, had an unpleasant odor, and Gesner never made his fortune from it. But Gesner had aroused a new hope for making illuminating oil from a product coming out of North American mines. Câu 57. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason why better lighting had become necessary by the mind- nineteenth century? A. development of railroads B. demand for better medical facilities C. increases in the number of new factories D. growth of cities Câu 58. The phrase “served as” inline 5 is closest meaning to __________. A. differed from B. functioned as C. rested upon D. reacted to Câu 59. The word “this” in line 7 refers to __________. A. lard B. charcoal C. wick D. oil Câu 60. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage of camphene? A. high cost B. bad smell C. potential to explode D. greasy texture Câu 61. What can be inferred about the illuminating gas described in the paragraph? A. It was first developed in the United States. B. It was not allowed to be used in public buildings. C. It was not widely available until mid- century. D. It had an unpleasant smell. Câu 62. The word “resembled” in line 16 is closest in meaning to__________. A. was similar to B. cost the same as C. was made from D. sounded like Câu 63. According to the passage, what advantage did the kerosene patented by Gesner have over camphene? A. Kerosene had a more pleasant smell. B. Kerosene was less expensive. C. Kerosene burned more brightly. D. Kerosene was safer to use. Câu 64. The word “it” in line 17 refers to__________. A. fortune B. odor C. camphene D. kerosene Câu 65. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? A. a description of events in chronological order B. a comparison of two events C. an analysis of scientific findings D. the statement of a theory and possible explanations Câu 66. Where in the passage does the author mention the origin of a word? A. Lines 4-6 B. Lines 7-8 C. Lines 12-13 D. Lines 13-16 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction Câu 67. A number of novelists submitted their manuscripts under pseudonyms to conceal the fact that A B C
D Câu 68. Although a doctor may be able to diagnose a problem perfectly, he still may not be able to A B C find a drug which the patient will respond. D Câu 69. What happened in that city were a reaction from city workers, including firemen and A B C policemen who had been laid off from their jobs. D Câu 70. It is essential that vitamins are supplied either by foods or by supplementary tablets for A B C normal growth to occur. D Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. Câu 71. Her living conditions were difficult. However, she studied very well. A. Difficult as her living conditions, she studied very well. B. She studied very well thanks to the fact that she lived in difficult conditions. C. She studied very well in spite of her difficult living conditions. D. Although she lived in difficult conditions, but she studied very well. Câu 72. You won’t be allowed in until your identity has been checked. A. It is not until your identity has been checked will you be allowed in. B. Not until your identity has been checked that you will be allowed in C. You will be allowed in unless your identity has been checked. D. Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in. Câu 73. You’d be welcome to join us if you changed your mind. A. You didn’t change your mind, so we weren’t welcome to join you. B. If it were not for your mind, you had been welcome to join us. C. We are welcome to join you unless you change your mind. D. Were you to change your mind, you would be welcome to join us Câu 74. The thing that impressed me more than anything else was your generosity. A. Your generosity impresssed me more than anything else. B. It is your generosity that I impressed more than anything else. C. All what I impressed more than anything else was your generosity. D. Your generosity makes me impressed more than anything else. Câu 75. She said “How pleasant! Jane comes to dinner with us” A. She said with joyfully that Jane came to dinner with us. B. She cried joyfully that Jane came to dinner with them. C. She was very delightedly that Jane came to dinner with them. D. She said that it is pleasant because Jane comes to dinner with them. Câu 76. He applied for the job abroad because he wanted to earn more money. A. With a view of earning more money, he applied for the job abroad. B. He applied for a job abroad in order to he could earn more money. C. So as to earn more money, he applies for a job abroad. D. To earn more money was the reason why he applied for a job abroad. Câu 77. I had an irresistible urge to buy the painting because it was very impressive. A. The painting was too impressive for me to buy it. B. It was so impressive a painting that I had an irresistible urge to buy it. C. So impressive was the painting that I had an irresistible urge to buy. D. It was such an impressive painting that I had an irresistible urge to buy. Câu 78. It is expected that tax increases will be announced in tomorrow’s budget. A. Tax increases are expected to be announced in tomorrow’s budget. B. They expected that tax will be increased in tomorrow’s budget. C. Tax increases is expected to announced in tomorrow’s budget. D. They expect that tax increases are announced in tomorrow’s budget Câu 79. The college was closed for a month. It was the the summer holidays. A. The college was closed for a month as a result of the summer holidays. B. The college was closed for a month as a result of that it was the summer holidays. C. The college was closed for a month owing the fact of the summer holidays. D. The college was closed for a month because the summer holidays. Câu 80. We hadn't been out all day. We decided to go to the cinema. A. As a result of that we hadn't been out all day, we decided to go to the cinema. B. Owing to the fact we hadn't been out all day, we decided to go to the cinema. C. Owing to the fact that we hadn't been out all day, we decided to go to the cinema. D. Because the fact we hadn't been out all day, we decided to go to the cinema. KEY TO PRACTICE 21
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