Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis



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Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis
LÔØI NOÙI ÑAÀU, ledklok
2.8.2 Off-board diagnostics
The continual increase in the use of electronics
within vehicles represents a major challenge 
for customer service and workshop operations.
Modern diagnosis and information systems must
cope with this challenge and manufacturers of
test equipment must provide instruments that are
flexible and easy to handle. Quick and reliable
fault diagnosis in modern vehicles requires exten-
sive technical knowledge, detailed vehicle infor-
mation, up-to-date testing systems and the skill to
be able to apply all of these.
The test equipment on the market can be sub-
divided into two main categories:

hand-held or portable instruments;

stationary equipment.
Hand-held instruments are commonly used for
the control of engine functions like ignition or
fuel injection and the request of error codes from
the ECUs.
Stationary test equipment may be able to cover
the whole range of function and performance
checks of the engine, gear, brakes, chassis, and
exhaust monitoring. Most of the common testers
are used for diagnosing engine faults.
For repair, service, and maintenance, many dif-
ferent manuals and microfiches are used in work-
shops. It is difficult to collect all the necessary
information, especially when vehicles of different
makes have to be repaired. It is, however, becoming
common to supply material on CD/DVD. Work-
shops equipped with appropriate data systems will
be able to receive updates via telephone line or by


periodic receipt of updated CDs. A committee of
the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has
prepared rules for the standardisation of manuals.
2.9 Data sources
2.9.1 Introduction
Data is available from a number of sources; clearly
the best being direct from the manufacturer.
However, for most ‘general’ repair workshops
other sources have to be found.
Examples of the type of data necessary for
diagnostic and other work are as follows:

Component specification (resistance, voltage
output etc.)

Diagnostics charts

Circuit diagrams (Figure 2.11)

Adjustment data

Timing belt fitting data

Component location (Figure 2.12)
Diagnostic techniques

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