02 Contents Frame
Combination of land evaluation and farming systems analysis
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40 2019 ND-CP 413905
- Điều hướng trang này:
- Sustainable Land Management (SLM)
| Combination of land evaluation and farming systems analysis
The development and application of an integrated land evaluation and farming systems analysis sequence (LEFSA) for land use planning was the first approach to relate cropping and livestock systems to geo-referenced land use types, and to analyse land use and farming systems at different levels (national, regional, farm, farm components) (Fresco et al., 1992). Both land evaluation (LE) and farming systems analysis (FSA) are methodologies that aim to improve land use and agricultural production. FSA concentrates on farm level constraints with a view to developing improved farm management for different typologies of farmers, whereas LE focuses on land suitability for certain land use types. In most cases, there is a close correlation between the land use type and the farming system (either cropping or livestock) such that land use types are components of farms. The different levels of analysis aim at providing a full cover of the hierarchy of the systems. Reconnaissance LE and rapid appraisal are techniques advocated for regional analysis, whereas (semi-) detailed LE and on-farm diagnosis are techniques applied at the farm level. The LEFSA sequence is an iterative process within and between levels of analysis, and within and between socio-economic and biophysical research disciplines. Applications of the LEFSA sequence include regional level planning in Costa Rica (Alfaro et al., 1994) and sub- regional level planning in Thailand (Anaman and Krishnamra 1994). Sustainable Land Management (SLM) is defined (Dumanski and Smyth 1994) as a system that combines technologies, policies and activities aimed at integrating Land evaluation – towards a revised framework 10 socio-economic principles with environmental concerns so as to simultaneously: (1) maintain or enhance production or services (productivity); (2) reduce the level of production risk (security); (3) protect the potential of natural resources (protection); (4) be economically viable (viability); (5) be socially acceptable (acceptability). These five objectives (productivity, security, protection, viability and acceptability) constitute the pillars of SLM. The framework for evaluating sustainable land management (FESLM), an international framework for evaluating SLM, is designed to guide analysis of land use sustainability, through a series of scientifically sound, logical steps (Smyth et al., 1993). It comprises three main stages: 1) identification of the purpose of evaluation, specifically land use systems and management practices; 2) definition of the process of analysis, consisting of the evaluation factors, diagnostic criteria, indicators and thresholds to be utilized; and, 3) an assessment endpoint that identifies the sustainability status of the land use system under evaluation. FESLM was developed based on indicators of performance rather than land suitability such as in the FAO Framework (Smyth et al.,1993; Smyth and Dumanski, 1995). A worldwide need has emerged to provide policy-makers with quantified information on the current state of land resources and their management and on changes in their condition (TAC 1996; OECD 1997; Heineke et al., 1998). FESLM is in accordance with international programmes on developing quantifiable and policy-relevant environmental indicators to monitor progress in reaching sustainable development (UN 1995; OECD 1997) and more specifically, changes in land resource quality (Pieri et al., 1995). tải về 0.57 Mb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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