Risk Assessment of Water Intakes in South-Eastern Poland in Relation to the who requirements for Water Safety Plans
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| 2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Characteristics of the Research Object A risk analysis was carried out on four water intakes located in the region of south- eastern Poland in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. Their locations are shown in Figure 1 . These are surface water intakes of the onshore type, with three of them taking water from rivers, and one taking water from a dam reservoir. Table 1 presents the basic information regarding the analyzed water intakes. Resources 2021, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 17 A protection zone covering only the area of direct protection is established ex officio. A protection zone, including the area of direct protection and the area of indirect protection, is established on the basis of a risk analysis, including an assessment of health hazards taking into account the factors adversely affecting the quality of the abstracted water, carried out on the basis of hydrogeological or hydrological analyses and hydroge- ological or hydrological documentation, an analysis of the identification of the sources of threats resulting from the method of land development, as well as the results of the study of the quality of abstracted water. Risk analyses are carried out for: water intakes providing more than 10 m 3 of water per day or serving water to more than 50 people; and individual water intakes supplying up to 10 m 3 of water per day or serving water to 50 people, if the water is supplied as water intended for human consumption, or as part of commercial, service, industrial or public utility buildings. Risk analyses are updated at least every 10 years, and in the case of water intakes delivering less than 1000 m 3 of water per year, at least every 20 years. A protection zone is established at the expense of the owner of the water intake. Risk analyses in water supply systems are widely known and used [4,9–13]. How- ever, the Water Law Act, introduced in 2018, listed risk analyses as official for the first time. The aim of this study was to present a risk assessment methodology for surface water intakes, and these assessments are to be carried out in Poland by the end of 2022. The hazard risk assessments were carried out for four surface water intakes located in south- eastern Poland. tải về 1.26 Mb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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