Open Access proceedings Journal of Physics: Conference series

The combination of flavonols such as quercetin and kaempferol will give high potency as 
anticancer especially as antiproliperative and cytotoxic against cultured human cancer cell lines
11
. One 
of easy methods to determine the cytotoxic properties of the active compound is based on the number 
of deaths Artemia salina larvae at certain concentrations. The data are usually expressed in LC
50
(Lethal Concentration 50%), which is a value that indicates the concentration of toxic substances that 
can cause 50% of the death test animals
[17]. Based on the LC
50
values shown in table 1, extract of 
Sn2, S1, and S2 which has a LC
50
value is higher than 1000 ppm is less toxic, while other extracts is 
potent as a candidate for an anticancer agent.
In addition to the data of phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid content, TLC chromatogram is used to 
determine the extraction process to isolate kaempferol and quercetin. Figure 2 shows that all extracts 
generate almost the same bands. Kaempferol standard was found in Rf value of 0.87 whereas 
quercetin standard of 0.83. The structure of kaempferol and quercetin is shown in figure 2. Detection 
by UV 366 nm in figure 3 shows that both the standard kaempferol and quercetin had a green 
fluorescent. Different with the standard, the same Rf band in the extracts did not give green 
fluorescent but blue. The absence of green fluorescent at the same Rf can be assumed that kaempferol 
compounds in the extract were blocked by a blue fluorescent compound that has similar polarity with 
kaempferol.

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