to halt the project if it is not delivering the expected value. An early business-focused
solution in the market place gives an early return on investment (ROI) and can
provide valuable marketing information for the business. Validation with the RAD
development process is thus an early and major activity.
Agile development
In this section, we will describe what agile development is and then cover the changes
that this way of working brings to testing. Agile software development is a group of
software development methodologies based on iterative incremental development,
where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration between self-organizing
cross-functional teams. Most agile teams use Scrum, a management framework for
iterative incremental development projects. Typical agile teams are 5 to 9 people, and
the agile manifesto describes ways of working that are ideal for small teams, and that
counteract problems prevalent in the late 1990s with its emphasis on process and
documentation. The agile manifesto consists of four statements describing what is
valued in this way of working:
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individuals and interactions over processes and tools
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working software over comprehensive documentation
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customer collaboration over contract negotiation
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responding to change over following a plan.
While there are a number of agile methodologies in practice, the industry seems
to have settled on the use of Scrum as an agile management approach, and Extreme
Programming (XP) as the main source of agile development ideas. Some character-
istics of project teams using Scrum and XP are:
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The generation of business stories (a form of lightweight use cases) to define
the functionality, rather than highly detailed requirements specifications.
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The incorporation of business representatives into the development process, as
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