Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis


particularly in after sales repairs. Note that the



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Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis
LÔØI NOÙI ÑAÀU, ledklok

particularly in after sales repairs. Note that the
designations are not to identify individual wires
but to define the terminals of a device. Listed
below are some of the most popular numbers.
1
Ignition coil negative
4
Ignition coil high tension
15
Switched positive (ignition switch output)
30
Input from battery positive
31
Earth connection
49
Input to flasher unit
49a
Output from flasher unit
50
Starter control (solenoid terminal)
53
Wiper motor input
54
Stop lamps
55
Fog lamps
56
Headlamps
56a
Main beam
56b
Dip beam
58L
Left side lights
58R
Right side lights
61
Charge warning light
85
Relay winding out
86
Relay winding input
87
Relay contact input (change over relay)
87a
Relay contact output (break)
87b
Relay contact output (make)
L
Left side indicators
R
Right side indicators
C
Indicator warning light (vehicle)
The Ford Motor Company now uses a circuit
numbering and wire identification system. This
is in use worldwide and is known as Function,
System-Connection (FSC). The system was devel-
oped to assist in vehicle development and pro-
duction processes. However, it is also very useful
in helping the technician with fault finding. Many
of the function codes are based on the DIN sys-
tem. Note that earth wires are now black! The 
system works as follows.
31S-AC3A || 1.5 BK/RD
Function:
31 ⫽ ground/earth
S ⫽ additionally switched circuit
System:
AC ⫽ headlamp levelling
Connection:
3 ⫽ switch connection
A ⫽ branch
Size:
1.5 ⫽ 1.5 mm
2
Colour:
BK ⫽ black (determined by function 31)
RD ⫽ red stripe
The new Ford colour codes table is as follows:
Ford system codes are as follows.
Letter
Main system
Examples
D
Distribution systems
DE ⫽ earth
A
Actuated systems
AK ⫽ wiper/washer
B
Basic systems
BA ⫽ charging
BB ⫽ starting
C
Control systems
CE ⫽ power steering
G
Gauge systems
GA ⫽ level/pressure/
temperature
H
Heated systems
HC ⫽ heated seats
L
Lighting systems
LE ⫽ headlights
16
Advanced automotive fault diagnosis
Code
Colour
BK
Black
BN
Brown
BU
Blue
GN
Green
GY
Grey
LG
Light-green
OG
Orange
PK
Pink
RD
Red
SR
Silver
VT
Violet
WH
White
YE
Yellow


M
Miscellaneous systems
MA ⫽ air bags
P
Power train control systems
PA ⫽ engine control
W
Indicator systems 
WC ⫽ bulb failure
(‘indications’ not turn 
signals)
X
Temporary for future 
XS ⫽ too much!
features
As a final point to this section it must be noted
that the colour codes and terminal designations
given are for illustration only. Further reference
should be made for specific details to the manu-
facturer’s information.

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