*Cã thÓ tæng hîp thµnh b¶ng sau

Imperatives	Direct speech		Indirect speech
Affirmative Imperative	V1 + …… Mike said to Henry, “Come in, please.”		S+ told / asked O + to + V1 + …… Mike told Mary to come in.
Negative Imperative	Don’t + V1 + …… "Don't play on the grass, boys," she said.		S+ told / asked O + not + to + V1 + … She asked the boys not to play on the grass.
Requests	“Can/could/ may /might you...?” “Could you close this door?”, said Nam to me.		S+ told / asked O + to V1... Nam asked / requested me to close that door.
Advice	“ You should / ought to + V1….” He said to his son,” You should do your homework tonight.”		S+ told + O +(that) S+ should/ ought + to V1... He told his son he should do his homework that night.
Direct speech		Reported speech		- Ngôi thứ nhất chuyển về ngôi người cùng nói (I he, she; me him/ her; myhis, her ) - Ngôi thứ hai chuyển về ngôi người cùng nghe (you I, we, he, she, they; you me, us, him, her, them; your my...) -Ngôi thứ ba không đổi ngôi (he/she/ it/ they)
This / These / Here		That / Those / There
Now/ Today/ Tonight		Then /That day /That night
Tomorrow Yesterday Next week / year Last week / year		The next/ following day The day before The following week/ year The previous week / year

+ C©u trùc tiÕp: lµ c©u nãi ®­îc thuËt l¹i ®óng nguyªn v¨n lêi cña ng­êi nãi.

VD: Tom said, “I like reading books”.

* Note: c©u trùc tiÕp ®­îc viÕt trong ngoÆc kÐp, vµ ng¨n c¸ch víi mÖnh ®Ò t­êng thuËt bëi dÊu phÈy.

+ C©u gi¸n tiÕp: lµ lêi nãi ®­îc thuËt l¹i víi ý vµ tõ cña ng­êi thuËt nh­ng vÉn gi÷ nguyªn ý.

VD: Tom said he liked reading books.

Note: C©u gi¸n tiÕp kh«ng bÞ ng¨n c¸ch bëi dÊu phÈy, dÊu ngoÆc kÐp vµ lu«n tËn cïng b»ng dÊu chÊm.

* C©u trùc tiÕp vµ c©u gi¸n tiÕp bao giê còng gåm hai phÇn:

-C©u t­êng thuËt/ mÖnh ®Ò t­êng thuËt.

-C©u trùc tiÕp hay c©u gi¸n tiÕp.

M§ t­êng thuËt c©u trùc tiÕp

M§ t­êng thuËt c©u gi¸n tiÕp

-§æi ng«i, ®æi th×, tõ chØ thêi gian vµ n¬i chèn theo quy t¾c.

-Ng«i thø nhÊt: I, me, my, mine, myself, we, us, our, ours, ourselves ®­îc ®æi theo ng«i cña chñ ng÷ ë mÖnh ®Ò t­êng thuËt.

--> Tom said he liked reading books.

-Ng«i thø 2: you, yours, your, yourself, yourselves ®­îc ®æi theo ng«i cña t©n ng÷ cña mÖnh ®Ò t­êng thuËt.

He said to me, “You can take my book”.

--> He said to me (that) I could take his book”.

Ng«i thø 2 ®­îc ®æi thµnh ng«i thø 3 nÕu mÖnh ®Ò t­êng thuËt kh«ng cã t©n ng÷.

He said, “You can take my book”.

--> He said she could take his book”.

-Ng«i thø ba: he, him, his, himself, they, them, their, theirs, themselves gi÷ nguyªn

VD: Mai said, “They can’t finish their homework”.

--> Mai said they couldn’t finish their homework”.

2-§æi th×:

Khi chuyÓn tõ c©u trùc tiÕp sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp ta ph¶i lïi 1 th× :

Trùc tiÕp	Gi¸n tiÕp
+HiÖn t¹i ®¬n +HiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn +Qu¸ khø ®¬n +HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh +Qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn +HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn. +T­¬ng lai th­êng: Will/ shall +T­¬ng lai hoµn thµnh +Qóa khø hoµn thµnh +C¸c c©u ®iÒu kiÖn	-->Qu¸ khø ®¬n -->Qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn -->Qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh -->Qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn -->T­¬ng lai trong qu¸ khø : Would/ should -->would/ could + have + V-pII… --> kh«ng ®æi --> kh«ng ®æi

-LÆp l¹i tõ said/ say.

-Bá ngoÆc kÐp, bá dÊu phÈy thay b»ng that.

-Thay ®æi th×, tõ chØ thêi gian vµ n¬i chèn, ng«i cho phï hîp víi nghÜa cña c©u (nÕu cã)

*C«ng thøc:

--> Lan said (that) she was a student.

- §æi said-->asked (hoÆc wanted to know/ wondered) sau ®ã thªm t©n ng÷ (nÕu cÇn thiÕt).

- Bá dÊu ngoÆc kÐp, dÊu phÈy vµ dÊu hái.

- §Æt If/ whether lªn tr­íc chñ ng÷ cña c©u gi¸n tiÕp +®éng tõ lïi th×.

- §æi ng«i, ®æi tõ chØ thêi gian vµ n¬i chèn(nÕu cÇn thiÕt).




* C«ng thøc: Trùc tiÕp: Do/ Does/ Did + S + V-nd...?

-->Gi¸n tiÕp: S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + V-lïi th×…
VD: “Do you go to school?” he said.

-->He asked me whether/ if I went to school.

-->Mary asked Nam if/ whether he could speak English.

VD1: “Are you a student?” She asked me.

-->She asked me if I was a student.

VD2: “Is she doing her homework?” Mary asked him.

-->Mary asked him if she was doing her homework.

Note:NÕu c©u hái víi will/ shall…diÔn t¶ yªu cÇu, lêi mêi, ®Ò nghÞ cã thÓ chuyÓn sang c©u gi¸n tiÕp d¹ng c©u hái hoÆc c©u cÇu khiÕn.

VD: He said, “Will you open the door?”

-->He asked me to open the door. (He asked me If I would open the door)

THE EXERCISE:

I. Choose the best answer:

I. Choose the correct words or phrases to fill in the blanks:

1. She hasn’t finished the letter _______(already / yet / never ).

2. Lan’s studying hard ______ pass the final exam ( as to / in order to).

3. Do you mind ______ the window ? ( close / closing / to close ).

4. I am happy ______ all the exams. ( to pass / passing / pass ).

5. Finally, we decided _______ to the concert. ( going / go / to go ).

6. The boy ______ next to Hoa is a new comer. ( sits / sitting / to sit ).

7.Would you mind if I_______ you a question. ( asking / to ask / asked ).

8. Ba _____ a shower at 8 o’clock last night. ( is talking / was talking )

9. He ______ he was aplumber .( says / said / to say ).

10. It is a ___________ contest.(cooking - rice / riced - cooking / rice – cooking )

11. Which of the following is not a wonder of the world ? ( Angkor Wat / Big Ben / Hanging Gardens of Babylon ).

12. Last week, our school held ______ ( a contest arranging – flower / an arranging – flower contest / a flower – arranging contest ).

13. Would you mind if I _______ off the light. ( turning / turn / turned ).

14. Empty milk bottels are ­­­­______ by the milkmen in Britan. (collect / collecting / collected )

15. Can I get you some madicine ? This sentence is a(n)­­_______ ( offer / request / promise ).

16. You can only see the ________ nowadays. ( Hangig Gardens of Babylon / Statue of Zues / Piramid of cheops )

17. We are watching a _______ on TV ( fighting – bull festival / bull – fighting festival / festival bull fighting ).

18. A: Could you call an ambulance, please ?

B: ­­­­­­­­­­­____________ ( all right / yes, please / I’m glad )

19. The school gate ________ at 5.30 PM every day. ( lock / locks / is locked )

20.This is a picture os Mount Rushnore where a heads of a four American presidents are ______ into the rock. ( put / carved / cut )

21. I can see a boy ________ a water buffalo. ( ride / riding / to ride )

22. It is _________ to travel around Vietnam. ( interesting / interested / interestedly )

23. Cool the burns immediately so as to ________ tissu damage. ( ease / relieve / minimize )

24. Milk bottels can be _________ after being cleaned (recycled / thrown away / broken / reused)

25. We are looking for ward to _________ you in May ( seeing / see / to see / be seen )

26. The Piramid of cheops is one of the seven __________ of the world. ( pyramids / temples / wonders

27. Angkor Wat _______ around 1100 to honor a Hindu God ( is built / was built / has been built )

28. What is a _________ contest ? ( fire – making / fires – making / fire – make )

29. Do you mind if I __________ here ? ( sitting / to sit / sit )

30. The boy __________ a book is Ba ( reading / read / to read )

31. I _______ Cuba in 1990 ( visit / visited / have visited )

32. Don’t forget to give the vitim a cup of tea when he ( revives / revive / reviving ).

33. It’s _______ to travel around Vienam. ( interesting / interested / interest ).

34. Milions of Christmas cards ________ every year. ( were sent / are sent / send / is sending ).

35. Peter had Mary(buy/bought/to buy/buying) a gift for him.

36. When I saw him(play/playing/to play/was play)video game,I(walking/walked/was walking/walked) home.

37. Reduce means not(to buy/buying/buy/bought)products which(overpackaged/are overpackaged /overpackaging)

38.They wear shoes(make/made/making/to make) from old car tires

39. Mai is happy that her brother(remember/remembered/to remember)her birthday.

40.They are looking forward to(see/saw/seeing/to see) you again

1. He promises he (leave)…………………………… before the sun (rise)…………………………

2. We (phone)………………………… you as soon as we (arrive)……………………… in Ha Noi.

3. She (come)………………………… and (see)………………………… them before she leaves here.

4. The flights to London will (delay)…………………………… because of heavy rain.

5. This is the first time Hoa (meet)…………………………… Tim’s family.

6. What ………… you (do)…………… this time yesterday? I (work)……………………… on the computer.

7. Yesterday the light (go)…………………… out while we (have)………………………… dinner.

8. Yesterday the doorbell (ring)……………………………… while Tom (watch)………………………… TV.

9. Do you mind if I (ask)…………………… you a private question?

10. Would you like (go)…………………… to the movies? Sorry, I can’t.

11. Would you mind (close)…………………………… the door, please?

12. The trees are (plant)…………………………… by his father.

13. The new bridge will (build)…………………………… by the end of the year.

14. The garbage can (use)…………………………… to make fertilizer.

15. He said the pipes (be)……………………… broken.

16. They asked me (repair)…………………………… the table.

17. They say that she (be)…………………………… the best student in the class.

18. The boy (read)……………………………… the book is Ba.

19. The old lamp (make)……………………………… in China is five dollars.

20. The window (break)…………………………… last night has been repaired.

21. Do you mind (travel) …………………………… such a long distance to work everyday?

22. Do you like (drive) ……………………………?

23. Sometimes I’d like (learn) ……………………………to play the guitar.

24. When she saw what had happened, she began (laugh) …………………………… loudly.

25. He tried (reach ) ……………………………the shelf but he wasn’t tall enough.

26. I asked them (be) ……………… quiet but they continued (make) ………………… a lot of noise.

27. It is important ……………. (think) carefully before (make) ……………………………a decision.

28. She is afraid of (go) …………………………… out in the evening.

29. Could you show me how (do) …………………………… this exercise?

30. I didn’t know what (say) ……………………………when I met him yesterday.

31. How about (spend) ……………………………our holiday on the beach?

32. Mary has decided (go) …………………………… to Vietnam this summer.

33. we are really interested in (visit) …………………………… Ha Long Bay.

34. The students stopped (talk) ……………………………when the teacher came in.

35. He stopped the car (buy) …………………………… some things.

36. This machine is used (print) ……………………………the papers.

37.He (be)……………………… there in about 5 minutes

38.Lan promises she(not get)…………………..good marks.

39.Car tires can(recycle)………… …..to make pipes and floor coverings.

40.The glass(break) ………………up and (make) …………………… into new glassware.

41.She is pleased that her mother(feel)………………….better

42.This is the first time my mother(be)………………….to Hanoi.

43.We never(see)………………………rice paddies before.

44.Rice and corn(grow)……………….in Vietnam.

45.the child(sit) ……………near the tree is my brother.

46.The novel(write)……………by Mr Quang is interesting.

47.The house(paint)……………………10 years

48.At this time yesterday I (study)……………….in the library.

49.The machine(make)……………….in Japan is good

50.They(run)…………home while It ……………… (rain) at 5p.m yesterday.

51.When Nam (come)……. I (sleep)………………at 9 yesterday.

52.What you (do)………………………at this time yesterday?

53.You (tidy) …………. the bedroom yet.?

54.I………………………………. (already write) the lesson.

55.That street (not repair) yet……………………………………………

56.I (not see) her since I (come) here……………………………………

57.This book (write)……………………….by Shakespear.

58.Christmas songs(perform)……………..for people in towns.

59.Look!The cupboard is open and everything (jumble)………………….

60.How long you (learn) ……………………….……………………….English? For 4 years

61.What (happen) ……………………….when you (come) ………………………. home?

62. How long ……………………….you (live) ………………………. here?

63. Andy (do) ……………………….her homework when her friends came.

64. The white house will (build) ………………………. in this area next year.

65. While I (work) ………………………. on the computer, the earthquake happened.

66. She is not tall enough (reach) ……………………….the ceiling fan.

67. John (wash) ……………………….the clothes in the bathroom at four o’clock last night.

68. I (not meet) ……………………….………………………. her for two years.

69. Would you mind (give) ………………………. me the book from the shelf?

1. My father takes me to school > I am………………………………….………………….

2. The man is playing chess with Ba. He is my father

> The man ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Will you buy me some flowers? > Would you mind…………………………………………….

4. She went to Ha Noi . she wanted to visit many interesting places

> She went to Ha noi in order to…………………………………………………………….………………….

5. The doctor advised me to rest. The doctor suggested that ………………………………………………….

6. The last time I met him was five years ago. I haven’t …………………………………………………….

7. We are excited about our next trip. We are looking………………………………………………….

8. “ Could you lend me some money?” she said to her sister

She asked……………………………………….………………………………………………………………

9. “ Remember to turn off the lights before going out.”

He reminded…………………………………….……………………………………………………………

10. They will build a new school in this area. A new school……………………………………………………..

11. The builders have just converted our kitchen into a bedroom

Our kitchen……………………………………….………………………………………………………………

12. “ Has Tom finished the work?” Has………………………………………………………………………

13. To understand this lesson is easy. It’s……………………………………………………….

14. I’m afraid that my teacher will punish me for not doing my homework.

I’m afraid of………….…………………………………………………………….

15.Sally got up early this morning.She didn’t want to be late. (use” in order to’’combine the sentences)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

16.They break the glass into small pieces. The……………………………………..………………………….

17.People will show the time machine to the public. The ………………………………………..…

18.Travelling around the world is very interesting. It is……………………………………………..…………

19.I am delighted.You passed your English exam.(Use adj+Noun clause)

……………………………………………………………..……………………………………………….……

20.I suggest going to Ben Thanh Market. - How…………………………………………

21.Lan said to me:|”I don’t know what Ba is doing now’’

Lan…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

22.This is a farm which raises cows - This ………………………………………………..

27.They asked me some difficult questions at the interview

I……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

28.People have built many new school here

Many…………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………..29.Nam said:”Don’t look at me”.

Nam………………………………….……………………………………………..

30.Hoa said:”Are you doing your homeword now?

Hoa…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..31.Peter said:”Is this film interesting?.

Peter………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………

32.Mary said:’’Do you know this place,Peter?’’

………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………..

33. “Is Mount Everest 8,848 meters high?” .

Lien asked me……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

34.My brother painted the gate last year.

The gate……………………………………………………………………………………..

35. Nam does exercise every morning. He wants to keep fit and stay healthy.

………………………………….in order to……………………………

36. We took part in a contest in which participants have to fetch water

We .........................................................a................... ……………………………….......................contest

37. It is my first visit to Vung Tau

- I have never………………………………………………………………………………………………………

38. " Don't throw things away" , Miss Linda said to the students

- Miss Linda asked…………………………………………………………………………………………………

39. I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon

- Your bicycle……………………………………….……………………………………………………………..

40. Traveling around the world is interesting.

- It's …………………………………….……………………………………………..

41. He was delighted to receive his aunt's letter

- He was delighted that…………………………………..……………………………………………..

42. People throw away millions of old car tires in the USA every year.

- Millions of old car tires…………………………………………. ……………………………………………..

43- Could you please give me some information about the English course, please?

- Would you mind………………………………………………..……………………………………………..

44) Can I move the refrigerator to the right corner?

 Would ………………………………………………………………………………

45) Could I turn the air conditioner off?

 Would ………………………………………………………………………………

46. The girl is playing the piano. She is Mai

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47. The people are waiting for the bus in the rain. They are getting wet

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48. I live in a pleasant room. The room overlooks the garden

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49. Most of the goods are exported. The goods are made in this factory

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50. I come from a city. The city is located in the northern part of the country

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