shape:
A. Angled catheter when angle of
axis of branch vessel from
aortic axis is low.
B. Curved catheter (e.g., cobra-2, celiac) when angle of axis of
branch vessel is
between 60 and
120 degrees.
C. Recurved catheter (e.g., SOS, Simmons when angle
of
axis of branch
vessel from aorta is great.
How to use a cobra catheter:
1. Catheter advanced to position
proximal to branch over guide wire, then pulled
down
(arrow).
2. Catheter
tip engages orifice of
branch. Gentle injection of contrast agent to confirmed location.
3. Soft-tipped selective guidewire has been advanced
into branch.
4. Guidewire
is held firmly, and
catheter is advanced.
5. Catheter in selective position.
How to use a Simmons catheter:
1. Catheter is positioned above
branch vessel with at least
1 cm of floppy straight guide
wire beyond catheter tip.
2. Catheter is gently pulled
down
(arrow)until guidewire
and tip engage orifice
of branch.
3. Continued gentle traction
results in deeper placement of catheter tip.
4. To deselect branch, push catheter back into aorta (re
verse
steps 1-ư
Micro-catheters
- Small catheters (3F or smaller outer diameter) that are specially designed to fit coaxially within the lumen ota
standard angiographic catheter are termed micro-catheters.
- Typically 25 to 3F in diameter, with
- Designed to reach far beyond standard catheters in small or tortuous vessels.
Wide range of characteristics:
stiffness, braiding, flow rates, hydrophilic coatings.
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