Risk Assessment of Water Intakes in South-Eastern Poland in Relation to the who requirements for Water Safety Plans
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| 5. Conclusions and Perspectives
In accordance with the provisions of the Drinking Water Directive [ 14 ], risk assess- ments and risk management in the catchment areas of water intakes should be carried out in the EU by 12 July 2027. Poland meets this requirement—it is estimated that risk analyses will be carried out by the end of 2022 for water intakes producing more than 10 m 3 of water per day or supplying water to more than 50 consumers. Some of the Polish water supply companies have already performed a risk analysis, submitted it to the relevant authorities (the voivode) and obtained a decision to establish a water intake protection zone. Actions aimed at minimizing the risk to water supply systems defined in Poland by the Water Law Act [ 10 ] are in line with the WHO recommendations. Resources 2021, 10, 105 14 of 15 The Water Law Act [ 8 ] requires water companies to carry out a risk analysis, but it does not indicate how. As a result, water supply companies have looked for substantive support in this regard. In cooperation with water supply companies, we carried out risk analyses for the water intakes presented in this work, and on this basis, the relevant authority established the required water intake protection zones. The methodology presented in this paper can be used by both Polish and European water supply companies to perform a risk analysis for water intakes and for the annual evaluation of threats to water intakes, which are necessary, as the risk factors cannot be completely eliminated. The risk-based approach appears to be optimal for the safety of water consumers and for socio-economic development. The establishment of a water intake protection zone is always related to a limitation on economic activity in a given area, and it should be established only when it is necessary to ensure the appropriate quality of the taken water. Based on the results of the risk assessment carried out by the author’s team for four surface water intakes located in south-eastern Poland, appropriate risk management measures were defined to prevent or control the identified threats and the need to establish new or adjust existing water intake protection zones for the analyzed intakes was assessed. The performed risk analysis did not reveal any significant threats to the water intake for Intake B, therefore there is no need to establish an indirect water intake protection zone. For intakes A, C and D, an indirect water intake protection zone was established, covering the area of 12-h water inflow. tải về 1.26 Mb. Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
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