Research Process
First, in addressing ethical and confidential issues, the study sought the consent of the participants before the
interviews, and assured all participants of anonymity and confidentiality, and vividly explained what the information
gathered in the study would be used for. This orientation also helped the participants to become familiar and
comfortable with the scope of information required; thus, they were confident to respond to the questions more
appropriately.
Using Ghana as a case study, the study examines the prospects for new and existing entrepreneurs in Ghana in
terms of the support initiatives from government and non-governmental institutions and the numerous challenges
they face. It investigates some of the key challenges facing SMEs in terms of their awareness of the various funding
sources and availability of funds, the level of management training, and other challenges facing entrepreneurs and
SMEs. To achieve the objectives and goals of the study, 31 participants were interviewed. Qualitative approach was
used which helped to understand and obtain critical information from the participants and also probe further when
necessary. As Creswell (2007) noted, an interview protocol is a “predesigned form used to record information
collected during an observation or interview,” which enables the researcher to organise the entire interview
process, including time allocations for the questions and how to begin/end the interview. The research comprises
sole proprietorship businesses and firms with employees from 5 to 100. Data was analyzed following Braun &
Clarke, (2006) Thematic content analysis by first -transcribing, generating codes, searching for themes, reviewing
themes, defining themes and interpreting the findings..
Results
Four main themes emerged as the challenges faced by entrepreneurs and new business start-ups. Find the main
themes and the subthemes in Table 1.
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