Multi-disciplinarity and cross-sectoral analysis
The third principle of the 1976 Framework expresses the need to take a multi-disciplinary
approach to land evaluation. The evaluation process requires contributions from the
fields of natural science (e.g. geomorphology, soil science, ecology), the technology of
land use (e.g. agronomy, forestry, irrigation engineering, animal husbandry), economics
(e.g. agricultural economy) and sociology (e.g. rural development, anthropology).
There is an increasing need to take into account cross-sectoral processes, in view
of the recognition that there are competing sectors and inherent groups that have an
impact on the land and land resources. A multi-sectoral approach identifies different
sectors such as agriculture, industry, tourism and environmental organizations that
may have a vested stake in the land and can influence its value. To reach the goal of
sustainable development, an integrated approach to sectoral development is required.
Context and environmental concerns
The fourth principle of the 1976 Framework stipulates that land evaluation should
be made in terms relevant to the physical, economic and social context of the area
concerned. The assumptions underlying land evaluation will differ from one region to
another.
Evaluations should take into account the biophysical, economic, social and political
context as well as environmental concerns in the area where land evaluation will take
place. Many of the contextual factors have often remained implicit, but the assumptions
made should be explicitly stated to avoid misunderstanding, assist in comparisons
between different regions, and facilitate re-evaluation when conditions change.
Sustainability includes productivity, social equity and environmental aspects
The fifth principle of the 1976 Framework highlights the need for land use to be
sustainable in terms of increased productivity without resource depletion. For any
proposed form of land use, the probable consequences for the environment should
be assessed as accurately as possible and such assessments taken into consideration in
determining suitability.
Sustainability now aspires to improved productivity, social equity and environment.
Improved productivity encompasses the need for quality while ensuring sufficient
quantity. Inherently linked to the global concern of sustainability and to the need for
a holistic approach is the requirement for monitoring the agro-environment. A revised
Framework should recognize the importance of monitoring the agro-environment,
take into account problems, including both environmental and socio-economic, arising
from the competition among land uses and aim at maintaining the multiple functions
of the agro-ecosystems.
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