Accepted Manuscript Molecular mechanism of anionic dyes adsorption on cationized

ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
8 
Tokyo, Japan). 
2.5 Batch adsorption procedure 
Adsorption experiments were carried out to analyze the ability of CRHC 
adsorbent to remove Diamine Green B (DG-B), Acid Black 24 (AB-24), and Congo 
Red (CR) from simulated dye wastewater. In each adsorption experiment, a certain 
amount of adsorbent and 50 mL of dye solution were added into a 250 mL conical 
flask shaken at 120 rpm for a certain period of time. The effect of pH values and ionic 
strength on the adsorption properties was also tested. After adsorption, the mixture 
was filtered to remove the adsorbent. The residual Diamine Green B (DG-B), Acid 
Black 24 (AB-24), and Congo Red (CR) concentrations were measured by an 
ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) spectrophotometer (UV-2600, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) 
at λ
max
=610 nm, λ
max
=570 nm and λ
max
=494 nm, respectively. The removal efficiency 
(R, %), the adsorption capacities were calculated using the following equations: 
R=(C
0
-C
t
)/C
0
×100% (1) 
q
e
=(C
0
-C
e
)×V/M (2) 
q
t
=(C
0
-C
t
)×V/M (3) 
where C
0
, C
e
and C
t
(mg L
-1
) are the dye concentration of the initial solution, the 
residual solution at equilibrium and at time t, respectively. q
e
and q
t 
are the adsorption 
capacities at time t (q
t
, mg g
-1
) and at equilibrium (q
e
, mg g
-1
), respectively. V (mL) is 
the volume of solution and M (mg) is the dose of the adsorbent. 

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