HSHK: MASKA 2021
SONG BẰNG TÚ TÀI
(Đề thi gồm có 05 trang)
ĐỀ THI CHÍNH THỨC
ĐỀ THI THỬ VÀO LỚP 10 THPT
Năm học 2021 – 2022
Hệ Song bằng Tú tài
Môn: Tiếng Anh (phần Đọc)
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút
Problem 1: Read the given text, and then answer question 1 (a)-(e) below
THE PROBLEM WITH PLASTICS
This article warns of the dangers of plastics.
Plastics are wonder materials: adaptable and durable. We produce and use more plastics
than we do almost any other man-made materials, apart from steel, cement and brick.
Scientists calculate the total plastic ever made as 8.3 billion tonnes – as heavy as one billion
elephants – an astonishing mass of material.
Mass-manufacturing of plastics began in the 1950s. Plastics are now all around us, in
everything from food wrapping to aeroplane parts and flame retardants. It is precisely
plastics’ amazing qualities that present a growing problem.
‘We’re rapidly heading towards “Planet Plastic”. If we don’t want to live in that kind of
world we have to rethink how we use materials, particularly plastic,’ explains environmental
scientist, Dr Ros Gaia. ‘None of the commonly used plastics are biodegradable. You can
permanently dispose of plastic waste by incinerating it – but
that’s complicated by concerns about health and emissions.’
Plastic items tend to be used for very short periods before being discarded. Waste
plastic is sent largely to landfill; much of it just litters the wider environment, including
the oceans.
Dr Gaia commented: ‘People need to realise that a plastic bottle could be recycled 20 times.
Currently, poor design limits us. The whole point of recycling is keeping material in use for
ever if you can. Actually 90 per cent of the material that does get recycled only gets recycled
once.’
In the meantime, the waste mounts up. Recycling rates are increasing, and there are new
biodegradable alternatives, but manufacturing plastic is so cheap that there is little
incentive for change. Each year eight million tonnes of plastic end up in the oceans,
with clear evidence that some gets into the food chains because marine creatures ingest
small fragments of micro-plastics.
Dr Gaia explains: ‘We’re facing a tsunami of plastic waste. The global waste industry needs
to get its act together. We need a radical shift. On current trends, it will take until
2060 before more plastic gets recycled than landfilled and lost to the environment. We
can’t wait that long.’
Read the text, The problem with plastics and then answer Questions 1(a)–(e) on this
question paper.
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