• Embospheres are precisely calibrated, spherical, hydrophilic, microporous beads made of an acrylic
copolymer, which is then cross-linked with gelatin.
• The hydrophilic
surface prevents aggregation, allowing a more predictable, uniform vessel occlusion than
PVA, as well as easier delivery through small catheters.
• SIR Spheres : Ceramic microspheres have been embedded with the beta emitter Yttrium-90. Provide
internal
radiation of hepatic malignancies
Coils
- First embolic coils consisted of pieces of stainless steel guide wires onto which strands of wool had been woven
to add a matrix for thrombus formation.
- Stainless-steel coils are best suited for high-flow applications due
to their high radial force, which helps prevent
dislodging.
- Platinum coils are highly visible under fluoroscopy and are much softer than stainless steel. This facilitates
accommodation of the coil to the vessel.
- Appropriate sizing is important to ensure occlusion of the vessel at the intended location.
- Gugliemi detachable coil : Coil is welded to the pusher wire in the desired position, the
wire is attached to a
battery device that sends a current along the wire. The current melts the welded connection between the coil and
the wire and detaches the coil without any force. GDCs are mainly used for treatment of intracranial aneurysms.
Uses
• Embolization with coils produces a focal occlusion, leaving the vessel distal to the
coil patent, similar to surgical
ligature. Therefore, coils are utilized in almost any application in which precise vessel occlusion--but not tissue
ablation--is necessary.
• Applications for coil embolization include treatment of hemorrhage, occlusion of arteriovenous fistulas, and
preoperative or pre-stent graft vessel occlusion.
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