Chapter 1360
Interchanges
WSDOT Design Manual M 22-01.20
Page 1360-2
September 2021
1360.02
Interchange Design
1360.02(1) General
All freeway exits and entrances, except HOV direct access connections, are to connect on the right of through
traffic. Variations from this will be considered only for special conditions.
HOV direct access connections may be constructed on the left of through traffic when they are designed in
accordance with Chapter 1420.
Provide complete ramp facilities for all directions of travel wherever possible. However, give primary
consideration to the basic traffic movement function that the interchange is to fulfill.
Complications are rarely encountered in the design and location of rural interchanges that simply provide a
means of exchanging traffic between a limited access freeway and a local crossroad. Carefully consider the
economic and operational effects of locating traffic interchanges along a freeway through a community,
particularly with respect to local access, to provide convenient local service without reducing the capacity of the
major route(s).
Where freeway-to-freeway interchanges are involved, do not provide ramps for local access unless they can be
added conveniently and without detriment to efficient traffic flow or reduction of capacity, either ramp or
freeway main line. When exchange of traffic between freeways is the basic function, and local access is
prohibited by access control restrictions or traffic volume, separate interchanges for local service may be
needed.
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