Diverse Experience - Professionals with several years of SEO experience under their belts can tell you what to expect from the search engines as you conduct the optimization process. They can also interpret and understand rankings data and "hiccups" in the results that may indicate certain trends or strategies that should be implemented or avoided.
Pre-Existing Relationships - Many SEOs have contacts inside the SEO industry to folks with experience in certain fields, expertise in unique areas (i.e. press releases, article distribution, directories, etc.) that can have a great impact on the success of your efforts. Several SEOs even have personal relationships with the folks at the search engines, although the use of these contacts is very rare and SE representatives pride themselves on not showing favoritism.
Link Building Knowledge - Professionals will have the ability to quickly identify topical communities and the most popular and relevant sites in them, saving time when link building. SEOs also have considerable experience with link acquisition, and will recognize the requirements of certain sites for paid links, link requests, etc.
Identifying Linkable Content - SEOs are often masters of crafting and launching content. Not only can they identify the content most likely to get links from the specific web community, they're also experienced in how to package and promote it.
Fixing Possible Problems - Professionals are competent at identifying and managing issues that can cause a lack of indexing, low rankings or penalties from the search engines. This is a skill that can be very hard to develop without years of practice and experience. If you have a ranking issue, an SEO can be of great value.
Time Savings - SEO can be an exceptionally time-consuming endeavor. An experienced SEO has the processes and systems of optimization down to a science, and can use that efficiency to provide better service in less time.
Advantages of Do-It-Yourself SEO
Complete Control - With personal responsibility comes complete control for each element of your site's progress. There can be no question as to who or what created a link or modified a document.
Learn from Your Actions - The ebb and flow of the SERPs will quickly teach an amateur SEO what what works and what doesn't. Certain links, timing and on-page changes will be fully visible and recordable, making it a learning process.
Personal Responsibility - Your success or failure will depend entirely on your own efforts, narrowing responsibility and preventing overlaps in work or issues of blame.
Cost Savings - Doing SEO yourself means you don't have to pay someone else. If you find that your time is less expensive than hiring an outsourced provider, do-it-yourself SEO can be a great way to save money.
With these pieces of information in mind, you're prepared to make an informed decision. Remember, too, that many SEOs offer consulting services, which provide you with a strategic plan that can be implemented and a helpful consultant to provide advice as needed on the project. This type of arrangement may offer a good balance if you're torn about which direction to choose. Look for costs between $100-$300 per hour depending on the experience and notoriety of the consultant.
If you choose to outsource to an SEO firm, be well aware of the many pitfalls that await the uninformed. SEO has classically been an industry that has attracted many untrustworthy and dishonorable firms, resulting in an unfortunate perception from many. Pay particular attention to the following:
Manipulation & Search Spam - Overly aggressive tactics can get you banned from search engines
Link Exchanges & Free-for-All Links – While the promise of easy link building through link exchanges or link farms is tempting, these tactics often achieve subpar results. Natural, organic inbound links from sites that your competitors can’t get links from are the best way to rank well in the long term
Optimizing Pages for Search Engines vs. Visitors – Professional SEOs should have specialist copywriters who can craft well-written pages that attract both users and search engines. Repetitive keyword use (as noted above) is largely useless, but compelling, intelligent dialogue is a great way to get both searchers and engines interested in your content.
Guaranteed Rankings – Guaranteeing rankings is often one of the first indications that you’re dealing with a less-than-reputable firm. No SEO can guarantee rankings, because the search engines are responsible for the results and are constantly changing. Be wary, too, of promised success at “thousands of engines” (remember that the top 4 account for 95%+ of all search traffic), daily submission (completely unnecessary) and other “tricks” or “secrets”. Great rankings come from having great sites with quality links – no tricks or secrets required.
Investigate – The firm you work with should be able to provide references, preferably from both customers and industry folks that will let you know their skill and ability. Use your best judgment here – if a review or response seems canned or fishy, it probably is.
Finally, if you opt for do-it-yourself-SEO, be aware that are many, many parts of the SEO process not covered by this guide. SEO is a practice that has even the most respected professionals learning and researching every day to keep with trends on the web and algorithmic shifts in the search engines. A business or site owner will certainly want to join several SEO web communities (see the list in the links section) and keep up-to-date with information and best practices from the industry experts.
Where to Get Questions Answered
Whether you're considering running an SEO campaign yourself, or hiring a professional, there are thousands of additional questions about the practice that I discover each day. Getting these questions answered quickly, with the best possible information, may require paying an SEO consultant, but the online SEO forums offer a second alternative.
Of particular value is the "Website Hospital" at Cre8asiteForums, where some of the world's best SEO professionals (including many of the folks who contributed to the creation of this guide) offer advice and input about posted websites. Other forums, like HighRankings & SearchEngineWatch can provide good advice in both general and specific areas of SEO. A full list of forums can be found in this guide's list of resources.
Finally, if after reading this guide, you have questions that need a quick, direct response, you're always welcome to email Rand (the author).
Links to More Information and Resources
Daily Blogs on SEO/M
Threadwatch - A popular community blog on all things search
SearchEngineWatch Blog - SEW, operated by Danny Sullivan, is one of the most respected sources for SEO and search news inside and outside the webdev community
SEO-Scoop - Donna Fontenot's personal and often introspective take on SEO
StuntDubl - Todd Malicoat's SEO tips and tricks journal
Cre8pc Blog - Kim Krause Berg presents on usability, marketing, webdev and the search markets
Jim Boykin's SEO Thoughts - The owner of WeBuildPages, a reknowned development and SEO shop, Jim's blog is geared to industry insiders and those who want an expert view
Matt Cutts - One of Google's search engineers, Matt is Google's official representative to the SEO world
SERoundtable - Barry Schwartz's roundup of all things search related
SEOBook - Aaron Wall's accompaniment to his excellent book on SEO
Link Building Blog - Patrick Gavin and Andy Hagans of Text Link Ads combine for great advice on the subject of where and how to get links to your site
Search Engine Journal - Loren Baker's collection of posts and guest writers about events and phenomenon in SEO/M
Marketing Pilgrim - Andy Beal's journal of the search engine space and SEO events
Google Blogoscoped - Philipp Lenssen's journal of Google events, with an SEO bend
SEO/M & Webdev Forums
Cre8asite Forums - Cre8asite is an open community of dedicated SEOs, usablity professionals, web developers and others who come together to provide some of the best advice related to online marketing and development on the net. It's also where you'll find myself (randfish) moderating and posting on a daily basis
SEW Forums - Danny Sullivan's Search Engine Watch website's online forums. A place where many high visibility folks in the SEO/M space come to post
HighRankings Forums - Jill Whalen, a very well-known and respected SEO runs HighRankings, a place where you'll also find experts like Scottie Claiborne, Dan Thies and Alan Perkins
DigitalPoint Forums - Shawn Hogan's incredibly popular (and somewhat noisy) forum on everything related to the web
WebProWorld Forums - A large, web development and SEO forum with a very diverse group of posters
Industry Conferences
Search Engine Strategies (SES) Conferences - Each year, SES runs 6-10 conferences worldwide, including several shows in North America that I'll typically speak at
WebMasterWorld (WMW) Conferences - 2-3 Times each year, Brett Tabke, the owner of WMW runs conferences that attract a large group of SEOs
Ad:Tech - An interactive marketing conference that has begun to address many of the issues of SEO and search marketing as well
SEO by the Sea - An industry insider event sponsored by Bill Slawski as well as a blog on SEO events and subjects
How Search Engines Operate
Modern Information Retrieval - The reference standard textbook on Information Retrieval Science by Ricardo Baeza-Yates
How Search Engines Work - from Danny Sullivan in 2002
Search Engine Reference Page - from Wikipedia
The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine - by Larry Page & Sergey Brin, founders of Google
A Comparison of Search Engines and a Guide to How they Operate - from Berkeley University's Internet Guide
List of IR Resources Online and Books/Publications - from Avi Rappoport of SearchTools.com
Link Analysis
Search Engine Ranking Factors - From SEOmoz, see section on "Factors Affecting the Value of a Link" for link analysis information
Block Level Link Analysis - From Microsoft Research on how search engines can segment pages into pieces of content to help devalue links from non editorial content
Keyword Research
Wordtracker - Keyword research software
Overture Tools - Measuring keyword popularity
Digitalpoint KW Tool - Free data from Overture & Wordtracker (though shortened in each)
Keyword Research Services - From Dan Thies; $100 reports are worth thousands
Dan Thies' Blog at Sitepoint - Coverage of a range of SEO issues with a focus on KW research
Measuring Keyword Competition - HighRankings Thread (9 Pages)
Accessibility
Dive into Accessibility - From Mark Pilgrim, a guide to making a site accessible in 30 days
Making a Great Website for Everyone - From Carmen Mardiros of Mardiros Internet Marketing
Mistakes to Avoid - From IBM's articles on WebDev
Information Architecture
Louis Rosenfeld - Information Architecture expert and author of the O'Reilly Book on the subject
Introduction to Information Architecture - from Subha Subramanian at Sitepoint
Duplicate Content Issues
Copyscape - Tool to search for copies of your pages on the web
Aaron Wall on Dup Content Penalties - Citing posts at WMW
Review of Dr. Garcia's Speach at SES San Jose on Dup Content - From SERoundtable
What is Duplicate Content - From Sitepoint Forums
Usability
Steve Krug - Usability consultant and author of Don't Make Me Think, my favorite book on usability
Kim Krause Berg's Usability Reports - A steal for a corporate review at $675
Usability Guidelines - From the National Cancer Institute; a great list
Website Usability Evaluation Form - From MIT
Web Design
A List Apart - Blog and Resources for Web Designers
Applying CSS to Web Design - from Intensivstation
Using Pattern Design to Lay Out Web Pages - from 37 Signals
Sample Web Color Schemes - from Return of Design
Biggest Design Mistakes of 2004 - from Web Pages That Suck
Content Writing for the Web
50 Writing Tools - from Poynter Online
Write Effectively for the Web - from the LifeHacker blog
Resurrect Your Writing - from Digital Web Magazine
Writing, Briefly - from Paul Graham
The Nitty-Gritty of Writing for Search Engines - from Jill Whalen (of HighRankings), it's $50 but worth every penny
Crappy Content - thread from HighRankings forum by Scottie Claiborne
Link Bait
The Art of Linkbaiting - by Nick Wilson of Performancing
Linkbaiting for Fun & Profit - by yours truly at Search Engine Journal
Examples of Link Bait - from SEOBook
Community Building
20 Tips for Community Building - from Threadwatch
Implementing a Forum - a HighRankings thread with lots of generalized tips on community, too
Building an Online Community - from Digital Web Magazine
Press Releases
Optimization of Press Releases - Paid services from SEO-PR
Writing for the Press - From Michael Iwalaski in the HighRankings Newsletter
Online PR and Press Release Optimization - by Lee Odden at ISEdb
Press Release Service - From PRWeb (free and paid options)
Press Release Service - From PRNewswire (also has free and paid options)
Public Relations
Public Relations as a Submarine - from Paul Graham
Trends to Watch in PR - by Erica Iacono at PR Week
List of Popular PR Weblogs - from PubSub
How to Get Blogged - from TechCrunch
Link Building
Advanced Link Building Tactics - from SEOmoz
131 Link Building Strategies - from Chris Sherman at SEW
Technique for Selecting Sites for a Link Request - by Eric Ward (see more articles from Eric, the godfather of linking, here)
Jump Start Link Building (while dodging the Sandbox) - by Andy Hagans
Search Spam
Google, Yahoo! & MSN - Spam reporting links for each of the major search engines
Debate on White Hat vs. Black Hat SEO Techniques - from SEOmoz, a discussion on the pros and cons of spamming the search engines
Manipulating Search Rankings - An interview with Greg Boser of WebGuerilla in Wired News
SpamDexing - Another name for search engine spamming; definition from Wikipedia
Website Analytics and Visitor Tracking
Web Metrics - Book by Jim Sterne
Key Performance Indicators to Track - from the Web Analytics Association
Web Analytics for Retailers, Parts 1, 2 & 3 - by Brian Eisenberg at ClickZ
Top 10 Ways to Use Analytics to Improve your Site - from Conversion Rater
Web Analytics Blog - from Omniture
Selecting an SEO/M Firm
SEOmoz's List of Trusted SEO/M Firms - I've personally met or worked with all of the folks on this list and can vouch for their ability and integrity
Google's Recommendations for Choosing an SEO Firm - with advice on how to avoid companies that could hurt your site
Resources to Help Select a Firm - from Lee Odden of TopRank Marketing
Reputable SEO Companies - Thread from SEW Forums
Checklist of What to Look for in an SEO Company - from Stuntdubl
Vinalink Seo guide
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