7
Mixing ....................................................................................................... 175
7.1
Introduction ....................................................................................... 175
7.2 Mixing of fl uids (blending) .................................................................. 175
7.2.1
Types of blenders ..................................................................... 175
7.2.2
Flow patterns in fl uid mixing .................................................... 177
7.2.3
Energy input in fl uid mixing ...................................................... 178
7.3 Kneading ............................................................................................ 181
7.4 In-fl ow mixing ..................................................................................... 184
7.5 Mixing of particulate solids ................................................................. 184
7.5.1
Mixing and segregation ............................................................ 184
7.5.2
Quality of mixing, the concept of ‘ mixedness’ ............................ 184
7.5.3
Equipment for mixing particulate solids .................................... 187
7.6 Homogenization ................................................................................. 189
7.6.1
Basic principles ........................................................................ 189
7.6.2
Homogenizers ......................................................................... 191
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