I. in order to / so as to

A/ GRAMMAR

...in order (not) to _{+ V-bare inf : talk about the purpose}

...so as (not) to

Ex: He studies English in order/so as to go abroad.

I get up early in order/so as (not) to be late for school.
II. Model “will” to make requests, offers and promises…

1) Request (yêu cầu): Will you send me this letter, please?

2) Offer (đề nghị): That bag looks heavy. I will help you with it.

Shall I do the washing up for you?

3) Promise (lời hứa) I promise I will study harder next semester.

1. Present simple tense (hiện tại đơn): S + am/is/are + V3/Ved + ( place + by O + time)

2. Past simple tense (quá khứ đơn): S + was/were + p.p…

3. Present perfect tense (hiện tại hoàn thành): S + have/has + been + p.p…

4. Future simple / Modal verb: (Tương lai đơn/ Động từ khiếm khuyết):

5. Near future (Tương lai gần): S + am/is/are going to + be + p.p…

- We are going to clean the environment. We are ready  We are ready to clean the environment.

- You are interested in protecting environment. He is delighted.  He is delighted that you are interested in protecting environment.
V. -ed / -ing participles (Quá khứ phân từ / Hiện tại phân từ)

1. 
   -ing participle: (Khi có nghĩa chủ động)
   

2. 
   -ed participle: (Khi có nghĩa bị động)
   

- Would you mind if I + V2/Ved …?

- Do you mind if I + V (bare infinitive) …?

- Would / Do you mind + V-ing? …?

• 
  Would you mind if I took a photo?
  
• 
  Do you mind if I take a photo?
  
• 
  Would you mind _{opening the window?}
  

S + wasn’t / weren’t + V-ing...

Was/Were + S + V-ing...?

Use:

* Diễn đạt hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ ( at 9.00 last night/all day yesterday/from 7a.m to 10a.m yesterday...)

* Diễn đạt một hành động đang xảy ra thì có một hành động khác xảy đến. (thường có “when/ while)

Ex: Hoa was eating when the phone rang.

* Diễn đạt 2 hay nhiều hành động xảy ra song song cùng một lúc (thường có “while”)

- Describe the action happens too often, more often than normal. (Complaint – Lời phàn nàn))

* YET is used in the negative and interrogative sentences, and is often put at the end of the sentences.

• 
  I haven’t received any letters from him yet.
  
• 
  Has he come home yet?
  

(ALREADY được dùng trong câu khẳng định và thường được đặt ở cuối câu hoặc giữa “ have/has” và “past participle”)

1. 
   - Mr. Hung has lived in Ha Noi for two years. Now he still lives in Ha Noi.
   

• 
  Mrs. Nga lived in Hue for ten years. Now she lives in Ho Chi Minh City.
  

2. 
   A: Have you seen the film ‘The Walking Dead”?
   

A: When did you see it?

B: I saw it three months ago.

VIII. Compound words (từ ghép)

a) It is a contest in which participants have to make a fire.  It’s a fire-making contest.

b) It is a festival in which people have their bulls fight against each other.  It is a bull-fighting festival.
IX. Verb + to-infinitive

(decide, start, begin, try, want, intent, hope, ask, wish, seem, expect, learn, promise, beg...)

Ex: I was late, so I decided to take a taxi home.
X. Verb + Gerund /V-ing

(suggest, hate, like, dislike, enjoy, keep, avoid (tránh), mind, prevent, stop, spend...)

She showed me where to get tickets.

- When the main verb of the sentence is in the past tense, the tense in the reported statement is change

- Some verbs do not change (would, could, might, should, ought to)

a) ‘I will see you tomorrow’. She said

b) ‘I am very tired now’. He said

c) The plumber said to the woman: “You must pay me now”

=> The plumber said to the woman she had to pay him then / at once.
*Indirect questions with if and whether (Câu hỏi gián tiếp với “if” và “whether”

+ If or whether is used reported questions that do not start with Wh - words

Form: S + asked + (O) + if / whether + S + V…

a. limestone b. institute c. tribe d. giant

a. husk b. sugar c. crutch d. upset

a. beach b. Catch c. church d. Christmas

a. invite b. faint c. patient d. victim

a. required b. opened c. plugged d. worked

a. exhibition b. humor c. helpful d. household

a. guarantee b. install c. talk d. awful

a. adjust b. campus c. unnecessary d. plug

a. opened b. stored c. restricted d. tidied

a. knob b. talk c. skeptical d. dark

2. Choose the word that has the stress differently from the others

a. stationary b. experiment c. emergency d. convenience

a. professor b. separate c. marigold d. pomegranate

a. canoe b. paddle c. compost d. florist

a. recycle b. difficult c. remember d. deposit

a. reserved b. sterile c. stretcher d. treatment

a. import b. canoe c. reduce d. fabric

a. marine b. compile c. surround d. region

a. reduce b. include c. import d. wonder

a. heritage b. waterfall c. departure d. separate

a. festival b. religious c. sighting d. popular

II. Multiple Choices

1. She was very glad…………………………….her close friend at the party last night.

a. see b. to see c. seeing d. saw

2. She promises she………………………………….before the sun rises.

a. leaves b. will leave c. left d. has left

3. Farmers collect household and garden waste to make…………………………..

a. pipes b. floor coverings c. glassware d. compost

4. ......................................is a type of bed used for carrying the sick or injured people.

a. Stretcher b. Ambulance c. Bandage d. Crutch

5. A: Would you mind taking care of my baby for a moment?

B: ………………………….

a. No, I don’t mind b. Yes, I don’t mind c. Please go ahead d. No. of course

6. The letters ……………………………………..by your secretary are full of mistakes.

a. typing b. are typed c. typed d. are typing

7. We are good friends. We ……………………………………each other for a long time

a. know b. knew c. have known d. are knowing

8. Tree leaves…………………………………………………………to wrap things

a. should use b. should be use c. should be used d. should used

9. Yesterday, Hoa’s alarm clock didn’t go………………………and she got up late.

a. on b. off c. in d. of

10. Cheese is made…………………………………………………..milk.

a. into b. on c. in d. from

11. The Pyramid of Cheops is one of the seven…………………………….of the world

a. pyramids b. temples c. landmarks d. wonders

12. ................is a religious song that people sing at Christmas.

a. Carol b. Poem c. Christmas card d. Patron Saint

13. I’m looking for ..................................................to stay overnight.

a. a sight b. a flight c. a day d. an accommodation

14. Lan showed me where…………………………………..the souvenirs.

a. to buy b. buying c. bought d. buy

15. I asked her if ........................ …………………………………to go out with me.

a. she wanted b. did she want c. she wants d. does she want

16. Chicago is situated right ..............the shore of Lake Michigan, one of the Great Lakes.

a. in b. at c. above d. on

17. I must go now. I promised………………………………………. late.

a. not being b. not to be c. to not be d. will be

18. They are good friends. They ....................each other for a long time.

a. know b. have known c. knew d. were knowing

19. …………is hot liquid rock that comes out of a volcano.

a. Limestone b. Marble c. Lava d. Ice

20. Santa Clause is based ……………………………the description of Saint Nicolas.

a. of b. with c. on d. to

21. My boss said he………………………………a meeting …………………………...

a. will hold / next week b. would held / the following week

c. would hold / the following week d. would hold / the week before

22. The fruits…………………………………..from China are harmful to health.

a. importing b. imported c. are importing d. are imported

23. Would you mind if I smoked? - ……………………………………

a. I’m sorry, I can’t b. Yes, I don’t mind c. I’d rather you didn’t d. All right

24. Harry is very …………………………………………….on pottery.

a. interested b. fond c. keen d. afraid

25. The bank robbers………………………………………………by the police.

a. have been caught b. have been catched c. have caught d. has been caught

26. The boy ......................ball in the house and making his mother angry.

a. always plays b. always played c. has always playe d. is always playing

27. My teacher advised me …………………….harder on my English pronunciation.

a. worked b. work c. to work d. working

28. At 9 a.m yesterday, we .................................................on the beach.

a. are lying b. have lain c. lay d. were lying

29. Did your school hold a………………………….contest on Woman’s Day last week?

a. flower-arrange b. flower-arranger c. flower-arranged d. flower-arranging

30. Do you mind if I use the telephone? - ……………………………………

custom, Volcano, Statue of Liberty, Christmas carols, towers, ancient, Island, wonders, Mount, building, mountain, wonder, heritage, royal, presented, tourists, structure, tomb, ancient

1. 
   Many tourists come to the island of Oahu in Hawaii to see the Kilauea ................
   
2. 
   When did the ......................................of decorating the Christmas tree begin?
   
3. 
   Nowadays, ..................are normally sung at Christmas parties in Europe and America.
   
4. 
   The … …………..........was a gift from French people to American in 1884.
   
5. 
   Angkor Wat is one of the world…… ……………………………………..
   
6. 
   Phu Quoc ……… …………………….is a famous tourist attraction in Viet Nam.
   
7. 
   PETRONAS Twin ………………........................is the symbol of Malaysia.
   
8. 
   Stonehenge is an example of an……… ……………...............monument.
   
9. 
   Ha Long Bay in Viet Nam is known as a World ………………Site.
   
10. 
    Do many………………visit the Eiffel Tower every year?
    
11. 
    The ………………Greeks knew nothing about the Great Wall of China.
    
12. 
    The Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt is the only ………………we can still see today.
    
13. 
    The Great Wall of China is the longest ………………in the world.
    
14. 
    Angkor Wat was part of a ………………Khmer city a long time ago.
    
15. 
    The Mount Everest is the highest ………………in the world.
    
16. 
    The Statue of Liberty was ………………to the United States by France in 1986.
    
17. 
    PETRONAS Twin Towers in Malaysia was the highest………………in the world.
    
18. 
    The Great Pyramid of Giza was built as a ………………of Pharaoh Cheops in 2720 BC.
    

1. 
   When you have a burn, you should………………..it with cold water pack
   
2. 
   It is important that the victim’s feet should be………………..above the level of the heart. Keep him warm to …………………… shock.
   
3. 
   When someone has a temperature, remember not to …………..him with blankets or coats.
   
4. 
   The nurse covered the wound on my arm with a…………………………..
   
5. 
   One of them gave the victim ………………..before taking him to the hospital.
   
6. 
   Cool the burns immediately so as to…………………….tissue damage.
   
7. 
   The doctor told the nurse to………………..the patient’s injured leg.
   

library, computers, button, bulletin board, monitor, guarantee, printer, sceptical, time-consuming, freshman

1. 
   Robert is in the first year at university. He is a............................
   
2. 
   Some of the more...............................jobs can be done by machines.
   
3. 
   A....................is a machine for printing text onto paper.
   
4. 
   This machine is still under........................so the manufacture will repair it.
   
5. 
   Some....................can work 100.000 times faster than a man.
   
6. 
   They post messages on the.........................and find other people want to talk about the same topic.
   
7. 
   Press the....................if the screen of the ......................is too dark.
   
8. 
   Many students are sitting and reading books and magazines in the...................
   
9. 
   I am......................about his chances of winning the prize.
   

1. 
   She went to the dentist in order to (check) her teeth
   
2. 
   Would you mind if I (try) on your shoes?
   
3. 
   I (not see) him since he (leave) school.
   
4. 
   I (use) this bike for more than ten years.
   
5. 
   She had her son (take) her to the airport last week.
   
6. 
   I was answering my brother’s call when someone (knock) the door.
   
7. 
   I was late, so I decided (take) a taxi home.
   
8. 
   He (paint) the door while his wife was cleaning the house.
   
9. 
   I saw him (water) the flowers in the garden.
   
10. 
    Is your boss here? No. He (already go)out.
    
11. 
    He (be)to the USA for several times
    
12. 
    He (always miss) the bus.
    
13. 
    When we (meet) George and Linda yesterday, we (walk) through the park.
    
14. 
    Would you mind (pour) me a glass of water?
    
15. 
    The toys (make) in France are expensive.
    
16. 
    We plan (visit) the Taj Mahal during our trip in India.
    
17. 
    The house looks old. I’ll have someone (repaint) the wall tomorrow.
    
18. 
    It started (rain) when they left home.
    
19. 
    Jane hopes (become) a lawyer.
    
20. 
    The tourists asked me where (go) the nearest post office.
    
21. 
    The mountain can (see) from the city centre.
    
22. 
    Would you mind if I (use) your mobile phone?
    
23. 
    Do you mind if I (turn) off the air conditioner?
    
24. 
    You (pain) the picture all day yesterday?
    
25. 
    Please stop (talk) so loud. Grandma is sleeping
    
26. 
    Our boss asked us (finish) this work on time.
    
27. 
    This house (build) for several years.
    
28. 
    He asked me if I(learn) the lesson
    

1. 
   “ I will come back late tonight” He said
   

• 
  ......................................................................................................................................................
  

2. 
   “I can’t go to the party next Sunday.” He said
   

• 
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  

3. 
   He asked her: “Are you studying English now?”
   

• 
  ......................................................................................................................................................
  

4. 
   Mr. David said: “ I don’t like cooking”
   

• 
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  

5. 
   He said to me: “ I must clean the windows before I go out with you”
   

• 
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  

6. 
   His neighbour asked him: “Do you like living here?”
   

• 
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  

7. 
   The doctor said to me: “ There is nothing wrong with your eyes and you don’t need to wear classes”
   

• 
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  

8. 
   He said to me: “ You can come and stay at my flat if you are in London”
   

• 
  .....................................................................................................................................................
  

9. 
   He said: “I don’t know what Fred is doing?
   

• 
  ......................................................................................................................................................
  

10. 
    She asked to her son: “Can you help me post this letter?”
    

• 
  ......................................................................................................................................................
  

1. 
   Minh does morning exercises regularly. He wants to be healthy.
   
2. 
   You have to wear arm clothes. You won’t catch a cold.
   
3. 
   She said nothing. She didn’t want to make him angry.
   
4. 
   She called me last night. She told me her decision
   

1. 
   We will grow many trees in the parks.
   
2. 
   We paint the gate once a year.
   
3. 
   You should learn this lesson carefully.
   
4. 
   They do not teach French in this school.
   
5. 
   Hung can answer all the questions.
   
6. 
   People speak French and English in Canada.
   
7. 
   Nobody saw him at school
   
8. 
   The students have already written their report
   
9. 
   He didn’t sell that valuable painting
   
10. 
    The form teacher held a class discussion about book report last week
    
11. 
    Have you written this play to be performed?
    
12. 
    We must follow traffic rulers strictly
    

1. 
   The factory is producing more and more pollution. We are afraid.
   
2. 
   They burnt the plastic waste. It’s not good.
   
3. 
   He didn’t pass the driving test. He was very sad.
   
4. 
   You have paid attention to recycling. He is delighted.
   
5. 
   She is very glad. She becomes a member of the group “Friends of the Earth”
   
6. 
   He won the first prize in the environmental protection contest. We were surprised.
   

1. 
   Keeping the environment clean is very important.
   

• 
  It’s ………………………………………………………………………………….
  

2. 
   They will show the time machine to the public when they finish it.
   

• 
  The time machine…………………………………………………………………………………
  

3. 
   I’m very sad that I wasn’t accepted in that group.
   

4. Roses can’t possibly grow in such poor ground.

• 
  It is impossible…………………………………………………………………………………
  

5. 
   The last time I played tennis was in 1990.
   

6. Mr. Green asked his son to repair things in the house

=> Mr. Green had…………………………………………………………………………………..

7. Hold the door open, please

=> Do / Would you mind……………………………………………………………………………?

8. Can I try on your shoes?

=> Would you mind if…………………………………………………………………………?

*Combine each pair of sentences into one, using the present participle or past participle

1. 
   The house belongs to my uncle. It is built of wood.
   
2. 
   The boy is my neighbour’s son. He is playing in the front yard.
   
3. 
   The man was taken to the hospital. He was injured in the accident.
   
4. 
   The musician is internationally famous. He appeared in the concert last night.
   
5. 
   All the people can speak French and English. They live in this village.
   

1. It / difficult / learn / Japanese

• 
  ………………………………………………………………………………
  

• 
  ……………………………………………………………………………
  

• 
  ………………………………………………………………………………….
  

• 
  ……………………………………………………………………………………….
  

6. 
   The teacher / told/ students / how / protect/ environment.
   

• 
  ................................................................................................................
  

7. 
   Ba/ decide / travel / China/ last summer.
   

• 
  ...............................................................................................................
  

8. 
   He asked /if / I / know / My Son/ Quang Nam province
   

• 
  ..............................................................................................................
  

1. The first computers were huge -----

2. There are only computers for companies and universities -----

* Answer questions

1. What does the word “they” in line 7 refer to?

2. Is the passage written about computers’ sizes?

Reading 2:

Well, here I am in Peru on our South American tour. We got to Lima five days ago. We had a good journey. It took three days by bus, but we saw a lot of things on the way. We didn’t do much for the first two days, as a couple of the other guys were ill. We spend most of the time on the beach. (They are Ok now!) On Wednesday, we came up to the mountains, and yesterday we went to the old Inca city of Machu Picchu and did some sightseeing. It was fantastic! We didn’t have a lot of time there, but we saw everything and I took a lot of photos.

*True or False?

1. The author was in South America five days ago. -----

2. The author went there by himself. -----

* Answer questions

1. What does the word “they” in line 3 refer to?