ChuyêN ĐỀ 1 CÁc thì (tenses)
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- Điều hướng trang này:
- 1. THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN SIMPLE PRESENT
- 2. THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN - PRESENT CONTINUOUS
- Cách dùng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
- Cách dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành
- 4. THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN - PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
- Cách dùng thì quá khứ đơn
- Cách dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
- 7. THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH - PAST PERFECT
- Cách dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành
- Cách dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
- 9. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI - SIMPLE FUTURE
- 10. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN - FUTURE CONTINUOUS
- 11. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH - FUTURE PERFECT
- 12. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN - FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
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PHẦN I: CÁC CHUYÊN ĐỀ CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1 CÁC THÌ (TENSES) 1. THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN SIMPLE PRESENTVỚI ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG Khẳng định: S + Vs/es + O Phủ định: S + DO/DOES + NOT + V +O Nghi vấn: DO/DOES + S + V+ O ? VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ TOBE Khẳng định: S + AM/IS/ARE + O Phủ định: S + AM/IS/ARE + NOT + O Nghi vấn: AM/IS/ARE + S + O Từ nhận biết: always, every, usually, often, generally, frequently. Cách dùng: Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả một chân lý, một sự thật hiển nhiên. Ví dụ: The sun ries in the East. Tom comes from England.
Ví dụ: Mary often goes to school by bicycle. I get up early every morning.
Ví dụ: He plays badminton very well Thì hiện tại đơn còn diễn tả một kế hoạch sắp xếp trước trong tương lai hoặc thời khoá biểu, đặc biệt dùng với các động từ di chuyển.
Khẳng định: S + be (am/ is/ are) + V_ing + O Phủ định: S + BE + NOT + V_ing + O Nghi vấn: BE + S + V_ing + O Từ nhận biết: Now, right now, at present, at the moment Cách dùng thì hiện tại tiếp diễnThì hiện tại tiếp diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra và kẫo dài dài một thời gian ở hiện tại. Ex: The children are playing football now. Thì này cũng thường tiếp theo sau câu đề nghị, mệnh lệnh. Ex: Look! the child is crying. Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.
Ex: He is always borrowing our books and then he doesn't remember - Thì này còn được dùng để diễn tả một hành động sắp xảy ra (ở tương lai gần) Ex: He is coming tomrow Lưu ý: Không dùng thì này với các động từ chỉ nhận thức chi giác như: to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love. hate, realize, seem, remmber, forget,.......... Ex: I am tired now. She wants to go for a walk at the moment. Do you understand your lesson? 3. THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH - PRESENT PERFECT Khẳng định: S + have/ has + Past participle (V3) + O Phủ định: S + have/ has + NOT + Past participle + O Nghi vấn: have/ has + S + Past participle + O Từ nhận biết: already, not... yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recenthy, before...
Khẳng định: S has/have + been + V_ing + OPhủ định: S + Hasn't/ Haven't + been+ V-ing + ONghi vấn: Has/HAve+ S+ been + V-ing + O?Từ nhận biết: all day, all week, since, for, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far. Cách dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành:Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp tục tới hiện tại (có thể tới tương lai). 5. THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN - SIMPLE PASTVỚI ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG Khẳng định: S + V_ed + O Phủ định: S + DID+ NOT + V + O Nghi vấn: DID + S+ V+ O ? VỚI TOBE Khẳng định: S + WAS/WERE + O Phủ định: S+ WAS/ WERE + NOT + O Nghi vấn: WAS/WERE + S+ O ? Từ nhận biết: yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, las month, last year, last night. Cách dùng thì quá khứ đơn:Thì quá khứ đơn diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ với thời gian xác định. CHỦ TỪ + ÐỘNG TỪ QUÁ KHỨ When + thì quá khứ đơn (simple past) When + hành động thứ nhất
Khẳng định: S + was/were + V_ing + O Phủ định: S + wasn't/weren't + V-ing + O Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S+ V-ing + O? Từ nhận biết: While, at that very moment, at 10:00 last night, and this morning (afternoon). Cách dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn:Dùng để diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra cùng lúc. Nhưng hành động thứ nhất đã xảy ra sớm hơn và đã đang tiếp tục xảy ra thì hành động thứ hai xảy ra. CHỦ TỪ + WERE/WAS + ÐỘNG TÙ THÊM - ING While + thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (past progressive) 7. THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH - PAST PERFECTKhẳng định: S + had + Past Participle (V3) + OPhủ định: S + hadn't + Past Participle + ONghi vấn: Had + S + Past Participle + O?Từ nhận biết: after, before, as soon as, by the time, when, already, just, since, for.... Cách dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành:Thì quá khứ hoàn thành diễn tả 1 hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ trước 1 hành động khác cũng xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ. 8. THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN - PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUSKhẳng định: S + had + been + V_ing + O Phủ định: S + hadn't + been+ V-ing + O Nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V-ing + O?
Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT+ V(infinitive) + O Nghi vấn: shall/will + S + V(infinitive) + O?
Cách dùng thì tương lai:Khi đoán (predict, guess), dùng will hoặc be going to. Khi chỉ dự định trước, dùng be going to không được dùng will. CHỦ TỪ + AM (IS/ARE) GOING TO + ÐỘNG TỪ (ở hiện tại: simple form) Khi diễn tả sự tình nguyện hoặc sự sẵn sàng, dùng will không được dùng be going to. CHỦ TỪ + WILL + ÐỘNG TỪ (ở hiện tại: simple form) 10. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN - FUTURE CONTINUOUSKhẳng định: S + shall/will + be + V_ing+ O Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O Nghi vấn: shall/will +S+ be + V_ing+ O
Thì tương lai tiếp diễn diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra ở 1 thời điểm nào đó trong tương lai. CHỦ TỪ + WILL + BE + ÐỘNG TỪ THÊM -ING hoặc CHỦ TỪ + BE GOING TO + BE + ÐỘNG TỪ THÊM -ING 11. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH - FUTURE PERFECTKhẳng định: S + shall/will + have + Past Participle Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O Nghi vấn: shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O?
Thì tương lai hoàn thành diễn tả 1 hành động trong tương lai sẽ kết thúc trước 1 hành động khác trong tương lai. CHỦ TỪ + WILL + HAVE + QUÁ KHỨ PHÂN TỪ (PAST PARTICIPLE) 12. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN - FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUSKhẳng định: S + shall/will + have been + V_ing + O Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT+ have been + V_ing + O Nghi vấn: shall/will + S+ have been + V_ing + O?
Cách dùng thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn:Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động sẽ đang xảy ra trong tương lai và sẽ kết thúc trước 1 hành động khác trong tương lai. Khi chỉ dự định trước, dùng be going to không được dùng will. CHỦ TỪ + AM (IS/ARE) GOING TO + ÐỘNG TỪ (ở hiện tại: simple form) Khi diễn tả sự tình nguyện hoặc sự sẵn sàng, dùng will không được dùng be going to. CHỦ TỪ + WILL + ÐỘNG TỪ (ở hiện tại: simple form) * PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG I. Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D. 1. When I last saw him, he _____ in London. A. has lived B. is living C. was living D. has been living 2. We _______ Dorothy since last Saturday. A. don’t see B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. hadn’t seen 3. The train ______ half an hour ago. A. has been leaving B. left C. has left D. had left 4. Jack ______ the door. A. has just painted B. paint C. will have painted D. painting 5. My sister ________ for you since yesterday. A. is looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. looked 6. I ______ Texas State University now. A. am attending B. attend C. was attending D. attended 7. He has been selling motorbikes ________. A. ten years ago B. since ten years C. for ten years ago D. for ten years 8. Christopher Columbus _______ American more than 500 years ago. A. discovered B. has discovered C. had discovered D. had been discovering 9. He fell down when he ______ towards the church. A. run B. runs C. was running D. had run 10. We _______ there when our father died. A. still lived B. lived still C. was still lived D. were still living 11. They ______ table tennis when their father comes back home. A. will play B. will be playing C. play D. would play 12. By Christmas, I _______ for Mr. Smith for six years. A. shall have been workingB. shall work C. have been working D. shall be working 13. I _______ in the room right now. A. am being B. was being C. have been being D. am 14. I ______ to New York three times this year. A. have been B. was C. were D. had been 15. I’ll come and see you before I _______ for the States. A. leave B. will leave C. have left D. shall leave 16. The little girl asked what _______ to her friend. A. has happened B. happened C. had happened D. would have been happened 17. John ______ a book when I saw him. A. is reading B. read C. was reading D. reading 18. He said he _______ return later. A. will B. would C. can D. would be 19. I have been waiting for you ______. A. since early morning B. since 9a. m C. for two hours D. All are correct 20. Almost everyone _______ for home by the time we arrived. A. leave B. left C. leaves D. had left 21. By the age of 25, he ______ two famous novels. A. wrote B. writes C. has written D. had written 22. While her husband was in the army, Mary ______ to him twice a week. A. was reading B. wrote C. was written D. had written 23. I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower ______ a few days previously. A. broke down B. has been broken C. had broken down D. breaks down 24. I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I _____ to play. A. try B. tried C. have tried D. am trying 25. Since _______, I have heard nothing from him. A. he had left B. he left C. he has left D. he was left 26. After I _______ lunch, I looked for my bag. A. had B. had had C. have has D. have had
A. will have learned B. will learn C. has learned D. would learn 28. The man got out of the car, ________ round to the back and opened the book. A. walking B. walked C. walks D. walk 30. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ______ dinner. A. finish B. finishes C. will finish D. finishing 31 Ask her to come and see me when she _______ her work. A. finish B. has finished C. finished D. finishing 32. Tom and Mary ______ for Vietnam tomorrow. A. leave B. are leaving C. leaving D. are left 33. He always ________ for a walk in the evening. A. go B. is going C. goes D. going 34. Her brother ______ in Canada at present. A. working B. works C. is working D. work 35. Last week, my professor promised that he ________ today. A. would come B. will come C. comes D. coming II. Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D) that needs correcting. 1. After Mrs. Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner. A B C D 2. Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down A B C D 3. Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it. A B C D 4. Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a new one. A B C D 5. Having fed the dog, he was sat down to his own meal. A B C D 6. When I turned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail, and I just delete it all. A B C D 7. They are going to have to leave soon and so do we. A B C D 8. The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really needed a pay rise. A B C D 9. The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it. A B C D 10. Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years. A B C D 11. I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer A B C D 12. When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently A B C D 13. I think it’s time you must change your way of living. A B C D 14. Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there. A B C D 15. When I’m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years. A B C D 16. The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant. A B C D 17. Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now. A B C D 18. Some people are believing there is life on other planets. A B C D
A B C D
20. Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and waking me up. A B C D
21. We’ll be cycled to Hoa’s village at this time next Sunday. A B C D
22. What will you do when your friends won’t come ? A B C D
23. My friend didn’t drink any beer since we came to live here. A B C D
24. We have written to each other when we were in primary school. A B C D
25. Will we go to the pop concert this weekend for a change? A B C D
III.. Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one. 1. As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away. A. He saw her turn away and he waved his hand. B. No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away. C. She turned away because he waved his hand too early. D. Although she turned away, he waved his hand. 2. My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month. A. It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes. B. It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes. C. It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes. D. It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago. 3. Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid. A. The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work. B. Having their work finished, the workers expected to be paid. C. Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work. D. Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid. 3. Mr. Brown bought this car five years ago. A. Mr. Brown started to buy this car five years ago. B. It has been five years when Mr. Brown bought this car C. Mr. Brown has had this car for five years. D. It is five years ago since Mr. Brown bought this car. 4. I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years. A. It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much. B. It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much. C. It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much. D. It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much. 5. This is my tenth year working in this bank. A. By the end of this year, I will work in this bank for ten years. B. I have worked in this bank for ten years by the end of this year. C. By the end of this year, I will have worked in this bank for ten years. D. I had been working in this bank for ten years by the end of this year. 6. The famous actor was last seen in 2000. A. The famous actor has not been able to see since 2000. B. No one has seen the famous actor since 2000. C. The famous actor didn’t see anyone in 2000. D. No one saw the famous actor until 2000. 7. I came to live here three months ago. A. It was three months since I lived here. B. I’ve been living here for three months. C. I lived here for three months. D. I didn’t live here for three months. 8. She goes to the shops every Friday. A. She goes every day to the shop but not on Friday. B. It’s not Friday, but she’s going to the shops. C. She always goes to the shops on Friday. D. She never goes to the shops on Friday. 9. Michael took a deep breath and dived into the water. A. After Michael had taken a deep breath, he dived into the water. B. Having taken a deep breath, he dived into the water. C. After Michael took a deep breath, he had dived into the water. D. A & B are correct. 10. We started working here three years ago. A. We worked here for three years. B. We have no longer worked here for three years. C. We have worked here for three years. D. We will work here in three years. 11. It’s a long time since we last went to the cinema. A. We have been to the cinema for a long time. B. We haven’t been to the cinema for a long time. C. We don’t go to the cinema as we used to. D. We wish we went to the cinema now. 12. I haven’t finished this book yet. A. I’m still reading this book. B. I have read this book before. C. The book I’m reading hasn’t finished. D. I will read this book some day. 13. He used to jog every morning. A. He enjoys jogging every morning. B. He never fails to jog every morning. C. He doesn’t now jog every morning. D. He intended to jog every morning. 14. I have never felt happier than I do now. A. I felt happier before. B. I feel happy now. C. I have never felt happy. D. I have always felt happy. 15. He last had his eyes tested ten months ago. A. He hasn’t had his eyes tested for ten months. B. He had not tested his eyes for ten months then. C. He had tested his eyes ten months before. D. He didn’t have any test on his eyes in ten months. 16. Someone knocked on the door during my lunchtime. A. I had lunch when someone knocked on the door. B. When I had had lunch, someone knocked on the door. C. I was having lunch when someone was knocking on the door. D. I was having lunch when someone knocked on the door. 17. Steve left before my arrival. A. When I arrived, Steve had already left. B. Steve left as soon as I arrived. C. While Steve was leaving I arrived. D. Steve hadn’t left until I arrived. 18. I haven’t been here before. A. Being here is a pleasant experience. B. This is the first time I have been here. C. I have wished to be here for long. D. Before long I will be here. 19. The last time I saw Rose was three years ago. A. I hasn’t seen Rose for three years. B. I haven’t seen Rose three years ago. C. I haven’t seen Rose since three years. D. I haven’t seen Rose for three years. 20. When we arrived, the children were playing “Hide and Seek” A. The children played “Hide and Seek” and then we arrived. B. While the children were playing “Hide and Seek”, we arrived. C. We arrived at the same time the children played “Hide and Seek”. D. We didn’t arrive until the children played “Hide and Seek”. CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2 SỰ HOÀ HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ (SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT) * PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT Trong Tiếng Anh động từ phải phù hợp với chủ ngữ của nó. Cụ thể: • Chủ ngữ số ít (He, She, It,The boy, The camel,…) động từ chia số ít. Ex: The car was new. • Chủ ngữ số nhiều chia động từ số nhiều Ex: The books were on the top shelf. Ex: These women wash their clothes everyday.
Ex: Walking in the rain is not a good idea. Ex: To learn a foreign language is necessary. Ex: That you get high grades in the school is very important. 2. Chủ ngữ là một nhóm từ thì phải tìm từ chính và chia động từ phù hợp với từ đó Ex: A list of new books has been posted in the library. Ex: The shops along the mall are rather small.
Ex: The professor together with his three students has been called to court. Ex: The mayor as well as his councilmen refuses to endorse the bill. Ex: The students along with their form teacher were at the beach yesterday. 4. Chủ ngữ là đại từ bất định: one, everyone, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everybody, anything, something, nothing, everything => Động từ chia số ít Ex: Nobody is at home now. Ex: Is there anybody here? Ex: Everything has been all right so far. 5. Chủ ngữ kẫp: a• S1+AND +S2 +…=> Động từ chia theo chủ ngữ ở số nhiều. Ex: England, Scotland and Wales form Great Britain. Ex: EJohn and I are cousins. Ex: The headmaster and the teacher are talking. *But: The secretary and accountant hasn't come yet. (Một người làm hai nhiệm vụ) The great doctor and 'discoverer is no more. Whisky and soda has always been his favourite drink. (trong trường hợp 2 danh từ nối với nhau bằng AND nhưng chúng cùng chỉ 1 người, 1 bộ hoặc 1 món ăn. Đối với trường hợp cùng chỉ 1 người thì dấu hiệu nhận biết là danh từ thứ 2 không có THE, còn với bộ hoặc món ăn thì tùy vào ý của người nói). Ex: - Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain. Ex - Fish and chips make a good meal (If we think of the items as "separate", we use plural verb)
Ex: Each boy and each girl is to work independently. b• S1+ OR +S2 =>Động từ hòa hợp với S2: Ex: Has your mother or father given you permission to use the car? c •Either+S1+ or + S2 V hòa hợp với S2: Neither+ S1+Nor +S2 Ex: Neither the students nor their teacher regrets the approach of summer •. EACH/EVERY/EITHER/NEITHER + singular noun + singular verb of + plural noun / pronoun •. ALL / BOTH / FEW /A FEW/ MANY / SEVERAL / SOME + plural noun PLURAL VERB of + plural noun / pronoun •. ALL/ SOME /LITTLE/A LITTLE +Non count noun singular verb of+ Non count noun 6. Chủ ngữ là danh từ tập hợp dùng như 1 đơn vị =>V chia theo S số ít (GROUP / JURY/ ARMY / FAMILY / CLASS /COMMITTEE / TEAM /ENEMY/ COUNCIL...) Ex: The football team practises every day. Ex: The herd of elk is in the meadow Ex: The family arrives together at 8. 00. *Danh từ tập hợp chỉ từng thành viên =>V chia theo S số nhiều. Ex: The football team buy their own uniforms. Ex: John has just arrived and now the family are all here.
Ex: The police are questioning him. ***. Danh từ tập hợp được hình thành bởi by "the + adjective" => V chia theo S số nhiều. Ex: The sick need medical care and tenderness. Ex: The American people don't trust the news
Ex: Traffic is heavy. Ex: The traffic has increased rapidly in the downtown areas.
Ex: Twenty-two inches is a tiny waist measurement. Ex: Fifty dollars seems a reasonable price
Ex: The majority of the customers are happy. 8. Tiêu ®Ò sách báo, tên cơ quan, tổ chức đoàn thể, quốc gia, dù viết ở số nhiều -> động từ chia theo S số ít. Ex: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales includes many humorous characterizations. Ex: The Malay States is now part of the Federation of Malaysia.
Ex: Measles is sometimes serious. 10. Nh÷ng danh từ sau ®©y lu«n ®i số nhiều (glasses, scissors (keo), pants, shorts, jeans, tongs (cai kep), pliers (kim), tweezers (nhip), eye-glasses, ear-rings......) Động từ chia theo S số nhiều. Ex: My trousers are torn . Ex: These scissors are dull. But:- A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days. - This pair of scissors is sharp. 11. THE NUMBER OF +N(số nhiều)=> Động từ chia theo số ít. Ex: The number of road accidents is increasing. 12. A NUMBER OF +N (số nhiều) => Động từ chia theo S số nhiều. Ex: A number of spectators were injured 13. No + singular noun + singular verb: Ex: No example is right in this case. plural noun + plural verb: Ex: No examples are right in this case. 14. None of the + non-count noun + -singular verb plural noun + plural verb Ex: - None of the counterfeit money has been found. Ex: - None of the students have finished the exam yet.
Ex: There have not been many large-scale epidemics lately. * PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG A. Choose the best answers to the following questions. 1. The Vietnamese people ----------- a heroic people. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. Miss White------------ her parents is going to pay a visit to the Great Wall. A. and B both C. as well as D. or 3. The Vietnamese ----------hard-working and brave. A. is B. are C. be D. being 4. A good deal of money ------------- spent on the books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been 5. The manager or his secretary ------------ to give you an interview. A. is B. are C. were D. have 6. Mary is one of the girls who-------------often late for school. A. is B. are C. comes D. get 7. Two hours -------------- not long enough for this rest. A. have B. has C. is D. are 8. Ninety percent of the work -------------- been done. A. is B. are C. has D. have 9. Those who ----------------- to go with me, please raise your hand. A. want B. wants C. wanting D. are wanting 10. Salt and water ------------ to wash the wound A. is used B. are used C. was used D. were used 11. The news ------------- bad last night. A. were B. was C. has D. has been 12. Three-fifths of the police-------------in the school near the town. A. has trained B. have trained C. has been trained D. have been trained 13. ------------ not only you but also he going to Japan? A. Are B. Is C. Were D. Was 14. All the books on the shelf ----------------to me. A. belong B. belongs C. belonging D. is belonging 15. The trousers you bought for me ------------ me. A. don’t fit B. doesn’t fit C. fits D. fit not 16. Mumps _________ usually caught by children. A. are B. was C. is D. were 17. The United States _________ between Canada and Mexico. A. lying B. lies C. lain D. lie 18. Physics_________ us understand the natural laws. A. helps B. help C. have helped D. helped 19. The police _________ the robber. A. were arrested B. has arrested C. have arrested D. was arresting 20. The cattle __________ in the field. A. is grazing B. grazes C. has grazed D. are grazing 21. Either you or he ____________ wrong. A. are B. were C. have been D. is 22. John as well as Mary __________ very kind. A. were B. are C. is D. have been 23. The doctor with the nurses ___________ exhausted after the operation. A. were B. was C. have been D. are being 24. Five miles ___________ not very far. A. is B. are C. were D. have been 25. ____________ ten years too long? A. Are B. Is C. Are being D. Were 26. Neither his parents nor his teacher ____________ satisfied with his result. A. are being B. were C. is D. are 27. Each boy and each girl ___________ a book. A. are having B. have had C. have D. has 28. Writing a lot of letters ___________ her tired. A. makes B. make C. have made D. are making 29. ___________ everybody ready to start now? A. Are being B. Is being C. Is D. Are 30. None of the butter in the fridge ____________ good. A. is being B. is C. have been D. are 31. None of the students ___________ the test yet. A. have finished B. has finished C. finished D. is finishing 32. A pair of shoes ____________ under the bed. A. have been B. are C. are being D. is 33. 200 tons of water ___________ last month. A. was used B. had been used C. were used D. is used
A. is served B. are served C. serves D. serve 35. ___________ were nice to me when I was in England. A. The Brown’s B. Brown’s C. The Browns D. Browns B. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order to make the sentence correct. 36. Neither his parents nor his teacher are satisfied with his result when he was at high school. 37. Daisy was the only one of those girls that get the scholarship. 38. Working provide people with personal satisfaction as well as money. 39. Either the doctor or the nurses takes care of changing the patients’ bandages. 40. Every student who majors in English are ready to participate in the oratorical contest. 41. One hundreds eight thousand miles is the speed of light. 42. The guest of honour, along with his wife and children, were sitting at the first table when we had a party yesterday. 43. The audience was enjoying every minute of the performance. 44. All the books on the top shelf belongs to me. 45. Five thousand pounds were stolen from the bank. 46. Happiness and success depends on yourself. 47. The loss of her husband and two of her sons were too much for her. 48. David and his brother was indicted yesterday on charges of grand theft. 49. Current research on AIDS, in spite of the best efforts of hundreds of scientists, leave serious questions unanswered. 50. Everyone have to plan a program that fits into the day’s schedule and that allows for good exercise and appropriate rest. CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3 DANH ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN THỂ (GERUND AND INFINITIVE) * PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT I. GERUND: 1. Chức năng: Là chủ ngữ của câu: Dancing bored him Bổ ngữ của động từ: Her hobby is painting Là bổ ngữ: Seeing is believing Sau giới từ: He is interested in watching films on Tv. Sau một vài động từ: avoid, mind, enjoy......... 2. Một số cách dùng đặc biệt: a. Verb + V-ing: Danh động từ theo sau một số động từ:
Admit: thú nhận Anticipate: trông mong, mong đợi Avoid: tránh Appreciate: tán thành Consider: xem xẫt Delay: hoãn lại Defer: trì hoãn Deny: từ chối Detest: ghẫt Dislike: không thích Dread: sợ Enjoy: thích thú Escape: trốn thoát Excuse: thứ lỗi Fancy: đam mê Finish
Forgive: tha thứ Like: thích Love: yêu thích Imagine: tưởng tượng Involve: dính líu, liên quan Keep: giữ, tiếp Mind: phiền Miss: lỡ, nhớ Mention: đề cập Pardon: tha thứ, tha lỗi Prefer Prevent: ngăn ngừa Postpone: hoãn lại Practice: thực hành Prevent Propose (= suggest) Quit: từ bỏ Recollect: nhớ lại Resent: căm thù Recall: gợi nhớ/ recollect Resume: cho rằng Resist: kháng cự, ngăn cản Risk: mạo hiểm Remember/ forget Suggest: gợi ý Stop/ begin/ start Understand: hiểu Discuss: thảo luận Hate: ghét
Ex: He admitted taking the money. Avoid over-eating He detests writing letters. He didn’t want to risk getting wet. I can’t understand his/ him leaving his wife.
Possessive adjective/ pronoun + danh động từ hoặc pronoun + preposition + danh động từ Appreciate thường theo sau bởi tính từ sở hữu hoặc danh động từ ở dạng bị động
carry on, end up, give up, go round, keep on, put off, set about… c. Expression + V-ing: Một số thành ngữ theo sau bởi V-ing - have fun/ a good time + V-ing: vui vẻ … - have trouble/ difficulty + V-ing: - have a hard time/ difficult time + V-ing - spend + time/ money + V-ing (present participle)
- waste + time/money + V-ing: - sit + Danh từ nơi chốn + V-ing: she sat at her desk writing a letter - stand + danh từ nơi chốn + V-ing - lie + danh từ nơi chốn + Ving - can’t help = can’t bear = can’t stand = can’t resist (không thể chịu được) I can’t bear hearing his lies I can’t stand seeing him here - it is no good / it is no use (vô ích / không có ích): It’s no use phoning him at this time - there’s no point in … - What’s the point of… - to be busy bận rộn My mother is busy cooking in the kitchen. - to be worth đáng This book is worth reading - be use to = get used to = be accustomed to : quen với - S + prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing: thích làm gì hơn làm gì = S + would rather Vinf than Vinf d. go + gerund để chỉ một hoạt động đặc biệt nào đó: (Present participle) - go fishing đi câu cá go hunting go bowling go jogging - go shopping đi mua sắm go camping go sightseeing go sailing - go swimming đi bơi go dancing go running …. - go hiking đi bộ dã ngoại go birdwatching go boating go canoening - go mountain climbing * Cụm giới từ theo sau bới V-ing: be excited/ worried about V-ing complain keep (someone) dream about/ of + V-ing prevent (someone) from V-ing talk stop (someone) think apologize believe blame (someone) be interested in V-ing forgive (someone) for V-ing succeed be responsible thank (someone)
be tired of V-ing in addition be waste look forward to V-ing * Preposition +gerund (giới từ +gerund): Be interested in (thích thú) think about (nghĩ về) apologize for (xin lỗi về) Insist on (khăng khăng về) talk about (nói về) instead of (thay vì)
be / get used to quen /thích nghi với be familiar with 3. The perfect gerund: Form: having Vpp The perfect gerund được sử dụng thay the present form of gerund (V-ing) khi chúng ta đề cập tới một hành động đã hoàn tất trong quá khứ: Ex: He was accused of having stolen her money. He denied having been there. 4. The passive gerund: Form: being + past participle (present) Having + been + Vpp (past) Ex: She hates being called a dull. The mountain climbers are in danger of being killed by an avalanche. I am interested in being given money by my mother. He was punished by being sent to bed without any supper. The safe showed no signs of having been touched. II. INFINITIVES: Động từ nguyên thể 1. Chức năng: - Làm chủ ngữ của câu: (cùng với các động từ: appear, seem, be) Ex: To save money now seems impossible. = It seems impossible to save money (more usual) - Làm bổ ngữ của động từ (be): Ex: His plan is to keep the affair secret. - Làm tân ngữ của động từ: Ex: He wants to play - Chỉ mục đích: He learns English to sing English songs. - Sau một số tính từ: 2. Bare infinitive (infinitive without to) Được dùng sau động từ make, have với nghĩ nguyên cớ (causative) The Brown made their children clean their room. The guest had the porters carry their luggage upstairs. Được dùng sau động từ giác quan như see, hear, feel,notice, taste, smell,.... We incidentally saw the plane crash into the moutain. The man noticed his assistant leave work earlier than usual. * chú ý: Feel, hear, see, watch, smell, find + O + Ving (present participle): bắt gặp ai đó đang làm gì Feel, hear, see, watch, smell, find + O + bare inf.: thấy ai đó đã làm gì Đuợc dùng sau động từ let và help. My brother let me use computer. The parents helped their children set up the tent. Được dùng sau các đọng từ khuyết thiếu và trợ động từ: can, could, will, shall, would, should, used to, had better, need, ought to, do, did … Trong cấu trúc: would rather + bare infinitve/ had better 3. To – infinitive: A. To infinitive sau động từ: Dạng1: V + TO INFINITIVE : Mẫt số động từ theo sau là to infinitive 1. agree: đồng ý 2. aim: nhằm mục đích 3. appear: có vẻ 4. arrange: sắp xếp 5. ask: yêu cầu 6. attempt: cố gắng 7. bother: phiền 8. care: để ý 9. choose: chọn 10. claim: công bố 11. decide: quyết định 12. demand: yêu cầu 13. determine: định đoạt 14. fail: thất bại 15. guarantee: bảo đảm 16. happen: xảy ra 17. hesitate: do dự 18. hope: hy vọng 19. learn: học 20. manage: xoay xở 21. neglect: lơ đãng 22. offer: đề nghị 23. plan: có kế hoạch 24. prepare:chuẩn bị 25. pretend: giả vờ 26. proceed: tiếp nối 27. promise: 28. prove: chứng tỏ 29. refuse: từ chối 30. resolve: nhất quyết 31. seem: 32. swear: thề 33. tend: có xu hướng 34. threaten: dọa 35. volunteer: tình nguyện 36. vow: dụ dỗ 37. wish 38. want
39. need 40. wait 41. expect 42. intend 43. would like/ would love 44. beg
45. begin/ start 46. afford: đủ khả năng 47. be willing 48. be able 49. expect 50. intend 51. beg: cầu khẩn 52. prefer Dạng2: V + O + TO INFINITIVE - Danh từ/ đại từ làm tân ngữ (objects) đi sau, rồi mới đến “to infinitive” Ví dụ: - She advised me to go to the English Club. * Một số động từ thường gặp: + advise: khuyên + allow: cho phẫp + ask: yêu cầu. + cause: gây ra. + command: yêu cầu, ra lệnh + encourage: khuyến khích + expect: mong chờ. + forbid: cấm + force: buộc + instruct: chỉ dẫn + invite: mời + oblige: bắt buộc + need: cần - We need you to help us + teach: dạy - My brother taught me to swim + tell: bảo. + want: muốn + warn: cảnh báo + remind: nhắc nhở + order: yêu cầu, ra lệnh + persuade: thuyết phục + request: yêu cầu + show: + train: đào tạo, huấn luyện + instruct: chỉ dẫn + permit: cho phẫp + remind: nhắc nhở * NOTES: + allow / permit / advise/ recommend/ encourage + object + to infinitive Ex: She doesn’t allow me to smoke in her room + allow/ permit/ recommend/ encourage/ advise + gerund Ex: She doesn’t allow smoking in her room Dạng3: V + TO INFINITIVE/ GERUND (một số động từ theo sau bởi to infinitive and gerund) Nhóm 1: V + to Infinitive / Gerund (không khác nghĩa) - begin bắt đầu - prefer thích.. hơn - can’t stand - start bắt đầu - hate ghẫt - can’t bear - continue tiếp tục - love yêu thích - intend - like thích - bother làm phiền Các động từ trên có thể được theo sau bởi to Infinitive hoặc Gerund mà ý nghĩa hÇu nh không đổi.
- He began to laugh = He began laughing Chú ý: a) Không nên dùng: It’s beginning raining Nên nói: It is begining to rain b) Động từ nguyên mẫu thường mang ý nghĩa của một mục đích, một dự tính trong tương lai, trong khi danh động từ mang ý nghĩa một kinh nghiệm sẵn có. Cách sử dụng chúng đôi khi rất tinh tế như sau: Ví dụ - I like to meet the public (Tôi thích gặp công chúng – Tôi thấy nên gặp, cần gặp → dự định) (Tôi thích gặp công chúng. Tôi thấy vui khi gặp và tôi luôn làm thế). Nhóm 2: V + infinitive / Gerund (khác nghĩa) remember, forget, regret, try, stop, need, go on
NEED Need to do = it is necessary to do:cần phải làm (động từ nguyên mẫu mang nghĩa chủ động) Need doing = need to be done: cần phải được làm (động từ nguyên mẫu mang nghĩa bị động) Tom needs to work harder. (It is necessary for Tom to work harder.) The grass in front of the house needs cutting. (The grass in front of the house needs to be cut.) STOP Stop to do = stop in order to do: dõng lại ®Ó làm viỆc g× khác Stop doing = not to do something any longer: dõng làm viỆc g× ®ã (®ang làm) They stopped to look at the pictures. They stopped smoking because it is bad for their health. c. REGRET/ REMEMBER/ FORGET: Remember/forget/regret + to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại và tương lai) * Remember to send this letter (hãy nhớ gửi bức thư này). Don’t forget to buy flowers (đừng quên mua hoa đấy) * I regret to inform you that the train was canceled (tôi rất tiếc phải báo tin cho anh rằng chuyến tầu đã bị hủy bỏ) Remember/forget/regret + V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ). I paid her $2. I still remember that. I still remember paying her $2 (tôi nhớ đã trả cô ấy 2 đô la). She will never forget meeting the Queen (cô ấy không bao giờ quên lần gặp nữ hoàng) He regrets leaving school early. It is the biggest mistake in his life. d. TRY Try to do: cố gắng làm Try doing: thử làm She tries to pass the entrance exam to the college of pharmacy. I’ve got a terrible headache. I try taking some aspirins but they didn’t help. e. GO ON: Go on doing s. th.: tiếp tục làm cùng một việc gì đó. Go on to do s. th.: làm hay nói việc gì khác The Minister went on talking for two hours. We must change our ways. We can’t go on living like this. After discussing the economy, the Minister went on to talk about foreign policy. f. MEAN Mean + to V = intend to V: dự định làm gì đó Mean + V-ing = involve: bao gồm, bao hàm, có nghĩa là
Trong cấu trúc sau: IT + BE + ADJECTIVE + TO INFINITIVE Ví dụ: - It’s difficult to find their house Thật khó tìm ra nhà của họ - It’s dangerous to drive fast Lái xe nhanh thì nguy hiểm. - It’s important to learn English Học tiếng Anh thì rất quan trọng Có hai dạng tương đương như sau: = To infinitive + be + Adjective Gerund
- It’s exciting to play football Chơi bóng đá thật thú vị. = to play football is exciting = playing football is exciting To infinitive sau 1 số tính từ: Able, unable, happy, delighted (vui vẻ), easy, lovely, glad, sorry, eager (háo hức), amazed (ngạc nhiên), pleased (hài lòng), disappointed, surprised, willing (sẵn lòng), certain (chắc chắn) Trong cấu trúc: * S + be/ get/ look/ seem/ become... + too + Adj +(for O) + to infi. S + V (thường) + too + Adv +(for O) + to infi. Ex: The water in this glass is too hot to drink. This coffee is too hot for me to drink. He runs too slowly to catch the bus. *S + be + Adj + enough (for O) + to infi. S + V (thường) + Adv + enough (for O) + to infi. Ex: He is old enough to get married. He’s intelligent enough to get good marks. They speak slowly enough to understand. * so + adjective + as + infinitive Ex: He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked. *It + cost/ take + O + to infinitive… Ex: It would cost millions/ take years to rebuild the castle. C. Sau một số từ để hỏi: Verb + how/what/when/where/ which/why + infinitive Những động từ sử dụng công thức này là ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, show + object, think, understand, want to know, wonder. Ex : He discovered how to open the safe. I found out where to buy fruit cheaply. She couldn’t think what to say I showed her which button to press. She wondered whether to write or phone. D. Chỉ mục đích: Ex: He tried to study hard in order to / so as to/ to pass every exam E. Noun + to infinitive (replace a relative clause) Ex: 1. I have many things which I must do/ to do 2. She is always the last to go/ who goes
(anywhere, anybody, anything, somebody, something, somewhere, nobody, nothing, nowhere, everything, everybody, everywhere) Ex: Is there anywhere to go? He has got nothing to eat G. Sau một số cụm từ sau: be about:định, sẽ be able: có thể do one’s best: cố gắng make an/ every effort: nỗ lực make up one’s mind: quyết định can’t afford
- Động từ nguyên thể có thể được sử dụng sau the first, the second..., the last, the only và thỉnh thoảng sau so sánh hơn nhất Ex: He loves parties; he is always the first who comes and the last who leaves. = He loves parties; he is always the first to come and the last to leave He is the second one to be killed in this way. 4. The perfect infinitive: + Form: to have + Vpp + Use: - Dùng với was/ were để diễn tả một kế hoạch chưa thực hiện được Ex: The house was to have been ready today (but it isn’t) - Dùng sau would/ would like để diễn tả một điều ước vẫn chưa hoàn thiện Ex: He would like to have seen it (but it was impossible) - Dùng với một số động từ: appear, happen, pretend, seem, believe, consider, find, know, report, say, suppose, think, understand… III. PASSIVE INFINITIVE AND GERUND: + Passive gerund: being + past participle Ex: She hates being called a dull. The mountain climbers are in danger of being killed by an avalanche. I am interested in being given money by my mother. + Passive infinitive: to be + past participle Ex: I hoped to be invited to the party. He refused to be taken to hospital. She doesn’t want to be asked personal questions Được dùng để nhấn mạnh hành động/ sự kiện hơn là tác nhân gây ra hành động * PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG Exercise 1: Multiple choice I enjoy _________ alone. a. be b. to be c. being d. to have been Would you like _______to the party? a. to come b. come c. coming d. to have come Do you mind_______ such a long way to work everyday? a. to travel b. travel c. to have travelled d. travelling I don’t like that house. I would hate _______there. a. live b. living c. to live d. to have lived Sometimes I would like_______ to play the piano. a. to learn b. learning c. learn d. to have learned Please remember _______this letter. a. to post b. post c. posting d. to have posted We tried _______the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire- brigade. a. putting b. put c. to put d. to have put Someone must have taken my bag. I clearly remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone. a. leave b. to leave c. to have left d. leaving Jane needed some money. She tried _______Harry but he couldn’t help her. a. to have asked b. to ask c. asking d. ask Please tell me how _______this a. do b. to do c. doing d. to have done One is never too old_______ a. to learn b. learning c. learn d. to have learned You are old enough _______out alone. a. going b. to go c. to have gone d. go I’m glad _______you a. to meet b. meet c. meeting d. to have met It’s nice _______you a. to know b. know c. knowing d. to have known We stopped_______ hello to her. a. say b. to say c. saying d. to have said 16. It’s no use ______ those things. a. buy b. buying c. to buy d. to be bought 17. After ______, she invited the audience to ask questions. a. finish b. finished c. finishing d. to finish 18. Robbins started ______ a few years ago. a. to jog b. jogging c. jog d. A and B are correct 19. I suggest ________ some more mathematics puzzles. a. do b. to do c. doing d done 20. My computer needs _______. a. repair b. to repair c. repairing d. repaired
I want ----- at home tonight a. staying b. to stay c. stay d. stayed Alice isn’t interested in ------- for a new job a. look b. to look c. looks d. looking We’re going out for dinner. Would you like ----- us? a. joining b. to join c. join d. joins When Beth got tired, she stopped ------- a. working b. to work c. work d. works Don’t forget ------ the letter I gave you yesterday a. post b. posting c. posts d. to post Her boss refuses ------ her a raise a. giving b. to give c. give d. a & b correct She enjoys ----- with many people a. work b. working c. to work d. works Mary was in a difficult situation, so he agreed ------- her some money a. to lend b. lend c. lending d. a & c correct They sometimes avoid ------ him a. meeting b. meet c. to meet d. meets It was a nice day, so we decided -------- for a walk a. going b. go c. to go d. goes Would you mind -------- the door? Thanks a. opening b. open c. opens d. to open 32. The man wanted to avoid...................... on security cameras. a. to see b. seeing c. to be seen d. being seen 33. I tried........................... the bus, but I missed it. a. to catch b. catching c. to be caught d. being caught 34. The plants want........................... daily. a. to water b. watering c. to be watered d. both b and c 35. Will you remind me.................... this letter at the post office? a. to post b. posting c. to be posted d. being posted 36. The goods ought....................... two weeks ago. a. to deliver b. delivering c. to be delivered d. being delivered 37. I have expected......................... the secret of happiness. a. to tell b. telling c. to be told d. being told 38. John had agreed......................... me in his office. a. to meet b. meeting c. to be met d. being met 39. I don’t like _____ when I am not there. a. criticizing b. being criticized c. to criticize d. to be criticized 40. She expected ________ to the principal. a. to introduce b. being introduced c. to be introduced d. being introduced 41. Tom was sad about ________ in class yesterday. a. punishing b. being punished c. to be punished d. punished 42. You shouldn’t make your son _______ too much. a. study b. studied c. to study d. studying 43 John had agreed......................... me in his office. a. to meet b. meeting c. to be met d. being met 44. It’s important for the figures......................... regularly. a. to update b. updating c. to be updated d. being updated 45. It is no good............................ sorry for yourself. a. to feel b. feeling c. feel d. felt 46. Peter regrets …………Marry’s birthday party a. not to attend b. not attending c. not to be attending d. not to be attended 47. Will you remind me.................... this letter at the post office? a. to post b. posting c. to be posted d. being posted 48. I shall never forget-----------with you to Paris last year. a. staying b. to staying c. to stay d. stayed 49. I am looking forward to -----------you. a. having seen b. seeing c. to see d. all are wrong 50. I am always remember------------ off the lights before I leave my house. a. turning b. to turn c. turned d. being turned 51. She was able………………English when she was very young. a. to sing b. sing c. singing d. sang 52. Could you please stop ………….. so much noise? make b. to make c. made d. making 53. She said that she had talked to me but I didn’t remember ……………her before. seeing b. to see c. not seeing d. see 54. Let your name………….. in the sheet of paper. write b. be written c. written d. to write 55. We hoped…………….. by our teacher. to help b. helping c. to be helped d. being helped Exercise 2: Sentence transformation 56. My teacher wouldn’t let me leave early. A. My teacher refused to let me leave early. B. My teacher refused letting me leave early. C. My teacher allowed me to leave early. D. My teacher permitted me to leave early. 57. It is your duty to tell him what to do.
B. You are given the duty to tell him what he has to do. C. It is said that you tell him what to do. D. Please tell him what he has to do. 58. It is pointless to try to make him change his mind.
B. It is a waste of time to try and make him change his mind. C. There is no time to try to make him change his mind. D. There is no time trying to make him change his mind. 59. I want to know the depth of the river at this point. A. I want to know how the river is deep at this point. B. I want to know how deep is the river at this point.
D. I want to know how the deep river is at this point. 60. The tea wasn’t sweet enough for Betty to drink. A. Betty didn’t like to drink the sweet tea. B. Betty couldn’t drink the tea. She liked more sugar. C. There wasn’t enough tea, and Betty had nothing to drink. D. Betty drank some of the tea but not enough. 61. You had better take some medicine. A. You ought to drink medicine. B. You must take a number of tablets. C. You have to have some medicine.
62. The doctor advised him to go the local hospital for a check-up. A. He was advised to go to the international hospital for a check-up.
C. He was advised to go to the best hospital for a check-up. D. For a check-up, he was told to stay at home. 63. It’s a waste of time trying to explain anything to Tony. A. Tony should be given explanation.
C. To save time, explain it to Tony. D. It’s well worth trying to explain things to Tony. 64. I couldn’t help laughing when he told me that story. A. I couldn’t resist laughing when he told me that story. B. I couldn’t help him tell that story. C. I did not laugh when hearing that story. D. The story he told me not help at all. 65. We think he was in London last year. A. He was thought to be in London last year. B. He was thought to have been in London last year. C. He is thought to be in London last year. D. He is thought to have been in London last year. 66. There’s no point in persuading him to do this. A. he is able to do this although he does not want to. B. It would be useful to persuade him to do this. C. I enjoy persuading him to do this.
67. The court found the man innocent of murdering his wife. A. The man was judged not guilty of killing his wife. B. The man was found murdered by his wife. C. The court found a murdered man and his wife. D. The court decided that the man had killed his wife. Exercise 3: Find a mistake in the four underlined parts A,B,C or D of each sentence. 68. I decided to change jobs because my boss makes me work over time. A B C D 69. Get more exercise appears to be the best way to lose weight. A B C D 70. Let’s stop to watch so much TV so that we can read or go out instead. A B C D 71. I advise you starting looking for a flat at once. A B C D 72. He postponed to make a decision till it was too late to do anything. A B C D 73. It is extremely important for an engineer to know to use a computer. A B C D 74. There’s no point having a car if you never use it. A B C D 75. I’d like him going to a university, but I can’t make him go. A B C D 76. Simon finds it hard for making friends with other children. A B C D 77. During a curfew it is not possible walking on the streets after a specified hour. A B C D 78. His teacher encouraged him talking part in the international piano competition. A B C D 79. Don’t let the children to stay up too late. A B C D 80. We were made doing a lot of homework at our school. A B C D
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. B 11A 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. A 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. A 58. A 59. C 60. B 61. D 62. B 63. B 64. A 65. D 66. D 67. A 68. D 69. A 70. B 71. A 72. A 73. D 74. B 75. A 76. C 77. B 78. B 79. C 80. B
1, Conditional sentences: TYPE 1: a) use: câu điều kiện loại 1 còn được gọi là câu điều kiện có thực ở hiện tại. Điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. b) Form: If + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + Will(can,may) + V (nguyên mẫu). (S + Will(can,may) + V(nguyên mẫu) + If + S + V(hiện tại đơn). Ex: If it is sunny,I will go fishing. If she gets up late,she will miss the bus.
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