ĐỀ CƯƠng ôn thi tốt nghiệp thpt quốc gia môn tiếng anh


CẤU TẠO TỪ (WORD FORMATION)



tải về 4.05 Mb.
trang12/46
Chuyển đổi dữ liệu07.07.2016
Kích4.05 Mb.
#199
1   ...   8   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   ...   46

CẤU TẠO TỪ (WORD FORMATION)

* PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT
A. Cách thành lập DANH TỪ

Formation

NOUNS

Verb + er/ or/ ant

Teacher, manager, driver, actor, director, attendant, assistant...................

Verb + ion

Action, invention, construction, direction, revolution, decision..................

Verb + ment/ al

Development, appointment, refusal, removal, approval......................

Verb + ing

Swimming, teaching, jogging, training, building.....................

Adj + ness

Kindness, goodness, happiness, sadness, darkness, illness, sickness.................

Adj + ty

Safety, loyalty, variety, ability, honesty, cruelty,....................

Adj + th

Length, depth, width, truth, warmth, strength......................................

Adj + dom

Freedom, wisdom, boredom..............................

Noun + ist/ ian

Guitarish, novelish, violinist, musician, physician, historian....................

Noun + ism

Patriotism, capitalism, socialism, heroism........................

Noun + ship

Friendship, leadership, scholarship, comradeship............................

Noun + hood

Childhood, brotherhood, neighbourhood, parenthood.....................

Super/ over/ sub/ sur + N

Supermarket, superman overexpenditure subway overexpenditure

Vị trí của DANH TỪ

Sau tính từ (adj + N)

They are interesting books.

Sau- mạo từ: a /an / the

- từ chỉ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, …

- từ chỉ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several ...

- tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its…


He is a student.

These flowers are beautiful.

She needs some water.



Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O)

She buys books.

She meets a lot of people.



Sau giới từ (prep. + N)

He talked about the story yesterday.

He is interested in music.



Trước V chia thì (N làm chủ từ)

The main has just arrived.

Sau enough (enough + N)

I don’t have enough money to buy that house.


B. Cách thành lập TÍNH TỪ

formular

Adjectives

  • ful

Harmful, useful, successful, hopeful, helpful, peaceful, careful......

  • less

Childless, odourless, careless, hopeless, harmless, useless..............

  • ly

Manly, worldly, hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, friendly.......

  • like

Childlike, godlike, lifelike, ladylike, manlike..............

  • ish

Childish, boyish, girlish, selfish..............

  • y

Hearthy, dirty, dusty, snowy, windy, rainy, cloudy, sunny, sandy................

  • al

Natural, national, industrial, agricultural, cultural, magical................

  • ous

Dangerous, courageous, poisonous, mountainous................

  • ic

Artistic, electric, alcoholic, economic............................

  • able

Enjoyable, reasonable, respectable......................

Un/ im/ il/ ir/in/ dis + adj

Unimportant, impossible, illegal, irregular, disable ...........................


Vị trí của TÍNH TỪ

Trước N (Adj + N)

This is an interesting books.

Sau TO BE

I am tired.

Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem …

It becomes hot.

She feels sad.



Sau trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, very, quite, rather, …

It is extremely cold.

I’m terribly sorry.

She is very beautiful.


Sau keep / make)

The news made me happy.

Sau too ( be + too + adj)

That house is too small.

Trước enough (be + adj + enough)

The house isn’t large enough.

Trong cấu trúc: be + so + adj + that

She was so angry that she can’t speak.

A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) + Noun

My new car is blue.

Trong câu cảm thán:

- How + adj + S + V

- What + (a / an) + adj + N

How beautiful the girl is!

What an interesting film!



Note: adj-ed adj-ing

Hình thức hiện tại phân từ (-ING): Diễn tả nhận thức của người nói về người/việc gì đó.

Ex: That film is interesting. (Bộ phim đó hay.) (Người xem nhận thấy bộ phim hay.)

Hình thức quá khứ phân từ (-ED): Diễn tả cảm giác của người nói do người/việc gì đó đem lại.

Ex: I am confused about the question. (Tôi bị bối rối về câu hỏi.) (Câu hỏi làm tôi bối rối.)



C. Cách thành lập ĐỘNG TỪ

formular

Verbs

Dis + verb

Dislike, disagree, discharge, disappear, disappoint...................

Mis + verb

Mislead, misread, misunderstand, ..........................

Out + verb

Outrun, outlive, outnumber,.............................

Over + verb

Overweigh, overpay, overturn, overheat, overcharge.........................

Re + verb

Rewrite, reuse, recycle, return, retell, recall,.............................

Under + verb

Underdevelop, underdo, underline, undercharge, undersign.....................

En + adj

Enable, enrich, enlarge, encourage, endanger...............

ADJ/ noun + en

Weaken, sharpen, tighten, loosen, shorten, soften

Adj/ noun + ise/ ize

Socialize, memorize, industrialize,sympathise economise..................


C. Cách thành lập TRẠNG TỪ

Phần lớn: Adj + -ly ---> Adv

Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently ...

Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ:

- good (a) well (adv): giỏi, tốt

- late (a) late / lately (adv): trễ, chậm

- ill (a) ill (adv): xấu, tồi, kém

- fast (a) fast (adv): nhanh

- hard (a) hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm chỉ hardly (adv): hầu như không



Vị trí của Trạng từ

  1. Adv + adj

Ex: She is very beautiful.

The weather is extremely hot.



  1. Adverbs are placed at the beginning of the sentence.

Ex: Unfortunately, he failed the exam.

  1. Adverbs are placed after the verb modified.

Ex: He is running fast.

  1. Adv + Pii

Ex: He is well educated.

The wedding day is carefully chosen by groom’s parents.



* PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG

  1. My mother is a______________ of English. (TEACH)

  2. Her father is a______________ (FARM)

  3. She sent her best wishes for my future______________ . (HAPPY)

  4. He was punished for his______________ . (LAZY)

  5. We like going in his car as he is a______________ driver. (CARE)

  6. AIDS is a______________ disease. (DANGER)

  7. She looks______________ in her new coat. (ATTRACT)

  8. He turns out to be the______________ student in his class. (GOOD)

  9. Nam is always ______________ (BUSINESS)

  10. There are four _____in my house. (BOOKSELF)

  11. The photocopy is between the _____ and the drugstore. (BAKE)

  12. Is your brother an_____? (ACT)

  13. Mai's sister is a ______ (SING)

  14. We must be ____ when we cross the road. (CARE)

  15. This tree has a lot of green _____ (LEAF)

  16. Is your father a ______ ? (BUSINESS)

  17. I’m Vietnamese. What’s your ______ ? (NATION)

  18. Air ....... is a big problem in many cities in the world. (POLLUTE)

  19. Yoko is from Japan. She is _____ (JAPAN)

  20. Mary likes attending the English ..................... contests. (SPEAK)

  21. My neighborhood is ..................... for good and cheap restaurants. (FAME)

  22. I like the city life because there are many kinds of ..................... (ENTERTAIN)

23. Lan’s classroom is on the ..................... floor. (TWO)

24. These children like ..................... weather. (SUN)

25. Lan speaks English ..................... than me. (WELL)

26. The Great Wall of China is the world’s ..................... structure. (LONG)

27. What’s Mary’s .....................? - She’s British. (NATION)

28. We should not waste ..................... and water. (ELECTRIC)

29. Let him do it ...................... (HE)


  1. My aunt is a good ………….. (TEACH)

  2. Thao is my friend. She is very ………. (BEAUTY)

  3. I want to go …………..in the summer. (SWIM)

  4. My sister ……………gets up early in the morning. (USUAL)

  5. Don’t go out at night because it is very …………… (DANGER)

  6. This exercise is very ………….. I can’t do it. (DIFFICULTY)

  7. He can speak English ………….than his brother. (GOOD)

  8. How do you feel now? – I feel …………. (TIRE)

  9. My uncle lives in the city. He is a ………….. (DRIVE)

  10. Where is Tom? – He is in the …………..room. (LIVE)

  11. Nam is the ….. of the three boys. (TALL)

  12. Vietnam has a lot of …… beaches. (BEAUTY)

  13. Air ….. is a big problem in many cities in the world. (POLLUTE)

  14. Our school children sometimes go …..on the weekend. (CAMP)

  15. I’m Vietnamese. What’s your ….? (NATION)

  16. Mount Everest is very high. It is ….. mountain in the world. (HIGH)

  17. Don’t make a fire here. It’s very ….. (DANGER)

  18. Is your father a …..? (BUSINESS)

  19. We went to bed early because we had a ……….. day. (TIRE)

  20. There were two ……… yesterday:fire-making and rice-cooking. (COMPLETE)

  21. The old lamp ……………… in China is five dollars. (MAKE)


Multiple choice

1. He has been very interested in doing research on _______ since he was at high school.

a. biology b. biological c. biologist d. biologically

2.You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.

a. responsible b. responsibility c. responsibly d. irresponsible

3.Many Vietnamese people ______ their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation

a. sacrifice b. sacrificed c. sacrificial d. sacrificially

4.They had a ______ candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage.

a. romance b. romantic c. romantically d. romanticize

5.She sent me a _______ letter thanking me for my invitation.

a. polite b. politely c. politeness d. impoliteness

6.As an _______, Mr. Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile delinquency.

a. educate b. education c. educator d. educative

7.He was the only _______ that was offered the job.

a. apply b. application c. applicant d. applying

8.Many people have objected to the use of animals in _____ experiments.

a. science b. scientist c. scientific d. scientifically

9._______ is increasing, which results from economic crisis.

a. Employment b. Unemployment c. Employ d. Unemployed

10._______! I have heard of your success in the new project.

a. Congratulate b. Congratulating c. Congratulation d. Congratulations

11.A / an _______ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.

a. dangerous b. endanger c. endangered d. endangerment

12.Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with ____.

a. extinct b. extinction c. extinctive d. extinctly

13.They are going to _______ the pool to 1.8 meter.

a. deep b. depth c. deepen d. deeply

14.The referee had no hesitation in awarding the visiting team a _______.

a. penalty b. penalize c. penal d. penalization

15.The referee's _______ is the most important in any sport competition.

a. decide b. decisive c. decision d. decider

16.Johnny used to be one of the most _______ athletes in my country.

a. succeed b. success c. successful d. successfully

17.The success of the 22nd SEA Games had a great contribution of many ____ volunteers.

a. support b. supporter c. supportive d. supportively

18.He was so _______ that he could not even say a word.

a. nerve b. nerves c. nervous d. nervously

19.I am really _______ in the way he talks, but the way he behaves.

a. interest b. interested c. interesting d. interestingly

20.Thanks to labor-saving devices, women have more time to take part in _______ activities.



a. society b. social c. socially d. socialize

Grade 12

UNIT 1: HOME LIFE

Exercise 1: Choose the most suitable word or phrase

  1. He has been very interested in doing research on _______ since he was at high school.

a. biology b. biological c. biologist d. biologically

  1. Are you sure that boys are more _______ than girls?

a. act b. active c. action d. activity

  1. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.

a. responsible b. responsibility c. responsibly d. irresponsible

  1. These quick and easy _______ can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost.

a. solve b. solvable c. solutions d. solvability

  1. He was looking at his parents _______, waiting for recommendations.

a. obey b. obedience c. obedient d. obediently

  1. The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were _______ of teachers.

a. support b. supportive c. supporter d. supporting

  1. It is _________ of you to leave the medicine where the children could get it.

a. care b. caring c. careless d. careful

  1. For ________ reasons, passengers are requested not to leave any luggage unattended.

a. secure b. securely c. security d. securing

  1. The leader of the explorers had the great _______ in his native guide. a. confident b. confidence c. confidential d. confidentially

  2. We are impressed by his _________ to help us with the hard mission. a. will b. willing c. willingness d. willingly

UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY

Exercise 1: Choose the most suitable word or phrase

  1. John cannot make a __ to get married to Mary or stay single until he can afford a house and a car. a. decide b. decision c. decisive d. decisively

  2. My mother used to be a woman of great _______, but now she gets old and looks pale.

a. beauty b. beautiful c. beautifully d. beautify

  1. Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but they are seldom in _____.

a. agree b. agreeable c. agreement d. agreeably

  1. The more _______ and positive you look, the better you will feel.

a. confide b. confident c. confidently d. confidence

  1. My parents will have celebrated 30 years of _______ by next week.

a. marry b. married c. marriageable d. marriage

  1. Many Vietnamese people ______ their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation

a. sacrifice b. sacrificed c. sacrificial d. sacrificially

  1. They had a ______ candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage.

a. romance b. romantic c. romantically d. romanticize

  1. Are there any _____, between Vietnamese and American culture?

a. differences b. different c. differently d. differential

  1. Some people are concerned with physical _______when choosing a wife or husband. a. attractive b. attraction c. attractiveness d. attractively

  2. What could be more_______ than a wedding on a tropical island? a. romance b. romantic c. romanticizing d. romanticism

  3. In my hometown, many people still believe in_______ marriage. a. contract b. contractual c. contracts d. contracting

  4. _____ women are responsible for the chores in the house and taking care of the children.

a. With tradition b. On tradition c. Traditional d. Traditionally

  1. Though their performance was not perfect yet, the students held the audience's____ until the end.

a. attentive b. attention c. attentively d. attentiveness

  1. The survey will cover various ways of ___________ the different attitudes toward love and marriage of today's youth.

a. determination b. determine c. determined d. determining

  1. Both Asian and Western students seem ___ about how to answer the questionnaire of the survey.

a. confusedly b. confused c. confusing d. confusion

  1. She was__ unaware of the embarrassing situation due to her different cultural background. a. complete b. completed c. completing d. completely

  2. What is more important to you, intelligence or___________________?

a. attraction b. attractiveness c. attractive d. attracted

UNIT 3: WAYS OF SOCIALISING

1. The family has a very important role in_____________ children.

A. social B. socialist C. socializing D. socialism

3. In U.S. schools, teachers don't mind their students'___________ them during the lectures.



A. interrupt B. interrupted C. interrupting D. to interrupt

4. His achievements were partly due to the____________ of his wife.

A. assist B. assistant C. assisted D. assistance

5. By working day and night, they succeeded____________ their work in time.

A. finished B. to finish C. finishing D. in finishing

6. They started, as ___ gatherings but they have become increasingly formalized in the last few years.



A. informal B. informally C. informalize D. informality

7. Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and ________.

A. communicate B. communication C. communicative D. communicator

8. The lecturer explained the problem very clearly and is always ____in response to questions.

A. attention B. attentive C. attentively D. attentiveness

9. I make no __________ for encouraging my children to succeed in school.

A. apologize B. apologetic C. apologies D. apoplectic

10. It was very more __________of a chat than an interview.

A. formal B. informal C. formality D. informality

Unit 4: SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM



tải về 4.05 Mb.

Chia sẻ với bạn bè của bạn:
1   ...   8   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   ...   46




Cơ sở dữ liệu được bảo vệ bởi bản quyền ©hocday.com 2024
được sử dụng cho việc quản lý

    Quê hương